飞机黑匣子是电子飞行记录仪(flight recorder)的俗称,是判断飞行事故原因最重要及最直接的证据。
按照国际惯例它一般被装置在橘红色盒子内,在外观上涂有“飞行记录器,请勿开启("Flight recorder do not open")”的字样。
黑匣子只是一个代名词,实际上飞行记录仪是被装置在橘色(bright orange)的匣子内,应该被称为“橘匣子”,只不过因为黑色不太好寻找,橘色波长较长,容易被观测到。
A flight recorder is an electronic recording1 device placed in an aircraft for the purpose of facilitating the investigation2 of aviation accidents and incidents. Flight recorders are also known by the misnomer3 black box—they are, in fact, painted bright orange in color to aid in their recovery after accidents.
▍黑匣子里主要包括两部分数据:
飞机的飞行数据(flight data):在这里主要包括飞机的航向、飞行高度、飞机飞行状态、飞机飞行速度、燃油情况、飞机内温度等数据,专家可以借助飞机失事前的飞行数据,分析导致飞机失事的可能原因,或者是飞行员误操作,或者是发生撞击,再或者是异常天气、飞机自身故障等等;机舱内的录音数据(cockpit voice):飞行员之间的对话,可以最好地反映飞机失事前面临的状况。
The black box is made up of two separate pieces of equipment: the flight data recorder (FDR) and a cockpit voice recorder (CVR). FDRs record things like airspeed, altitude, vertical4 acceleration5 and fuel flow. The CVRs track the crew's interactions with each
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