Java动态代理
简要说明
在java的动态代理机制中,有两个重要的类或接口,一个是 InvocationHandler(Interface)、另一个则是 Proxy(Class)。
InvocationHandler
每一个动态代理类都必须要实现InvocationHandler这个接口,并且每个代理类的实例都关联到了一个handler,当我们通过代理对象调用 一个方法的时候,这个方法的调用就会被转发为由InvocationHandler这个接口的 invoke 方法来进行调用。我们来看看InvocationHandler这个接口的唯一一个方法 invoke 方法:
// proxy: 指代我们所代理的那个真实对象
// method: 指代的是我们所要调用真实对象的方法的Method对象
// args: 指代的是调用真实对象某个方法时接受的参数
// 返回的Object是指真实对象方法的返回类型
Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable
Proxy
Proxy这个类的作用就是用来动态创建一个代理对象
// 一个ClassLoader对象,定义了由哪个ClassLoader对象来对生成的代理对象进行加载
loader - the class loader to define the proxy class
// 一个Interface对象的数组,表示的是我将要给我需要代理的对象提供一组什么接口
interfaces - the list of interfaces for the proxy class to implement
// 一个InvocationHandler对象,表示的是当我这个动态代理对象在调用方法的时候,会关联到哪一个InvocationHandler对象上
h - the invocation handler to dispatch method invocations to
Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader,Class<?>[] interfaces,InvocationHandler h)
示例
具体可参考 http://www.jianshu.com/p/e63b0685e8e
具体接口的生成类$Proxy0.class默认是不保存的,如需看到,可使用如下方法
/* 设置此系统属性,让JVM生成的Proxy类写入文件.保存路径为:com/sun/proxy(如果不存在请手工创建) */
System.getProperties().put("sun.misc.ProxyGenerator.saveGeneratedFiles", "true");
�生成的代理类$Proxy0如下
public final class $Proxy0 extends Proxy implements IPerson {
private static Method m1;
private static Method m3;
private static Method m4;
private static Method m2;
private static Method m0;
public $Proxy0(InvocationHandler var1) throws {
super(var1);
}
public final boolean equals(Object var1) throws {
try {
return ((Boolean)super.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[]{var1})).booleanValue();
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) {
throw var3;
} catch (Throwable var4) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4);
}
}
public final String getName() throws {
try {
return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m3, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
public final String getNameById(int var1) throws {
try {
return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m4, new Object[]{Integer.valueOf(var1)});
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) {
throw var3;
} catch (Throwable var4) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4);
}
}
public final String toString() throws {
try {
return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m2, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
public final int hashCode() throws {
try {
return ((Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m0, (Object[])null)).intValue();
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
static {
try {
m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", new Class[]{Class.forName("java.lang.Object")});
m3 = Class.forName("com.example.proxy.IPerson").getMethod("getName", new Class[0]);
m4 = Class.forName("com.example.proxy.IPerson").getMethod("getNameById", new Class[]{Integer.TYPE});
m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString", new Class[0]);
m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode", new Class[0]);
} catch (NoSuchMethodException var2) {
throw new NoSuchMethodError(var2.getMessage());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException var3) {
throw new NoClassDefFoundError(var3.getMessage());
}
}
}
Retrofit的动态代理实现
public <T> T create(final Class<T> service) {
Utils.validateServiceInterface(service);
if (validateEagerly) {
eagerlyValidateMethods(service);
}
return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(service.getClassLoader(), new Class<?>[] { service },
new InvocationHandler() {
private final Platform platform = Platform.get();
@Override public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
throws Throwable {
// If the method is a method from Object then defer to normal invocation.
if (method.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class) {
return method.invoke(this, args);
}
if (platform.isDefaultMethod(method)) {
return platform.invokeDefaultMethod(method, service, proxy, args);
}
//Retrofit并没有将实例传递进来,而是通过注解生成具体的方法调用
//TODO 方法生成代码待分析
ServiceMethod<Object, Object> serviceMethod =
(ServiceMethod<Object, Object>) loadServiceMethod(method);
OkHttpCall<Object> okHttpCall = new OkHttpCall<>(serviceMethod, args);
return serviceMethod.callAdapter.adapt(okHttpCall);
}
});
}
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