一.构建基础镜像
先构建一个基础镜像，添加repo的环境和编译的环境，而centos镜像就是初始的官方镜像，后面构建php、nginx、mysql都使用该镜像为base image：
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/lnmp]# cat Dockerfile #查看dockerfile文件
FROM centos:centos7.6.1810
RUN yum install wget epel-release -y \
&& wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo \
&& wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo \
&& yum clean all && yum makecache
RUN yum install -y wget gcc gcc-c++ glibc make autoconf openssl openssl-devel ntpdata crontabs
RUN cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
构建基础镜像
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/lnmp]# docker build -t centos:v1 . #构建基础镜像并打标签
查看构建结果
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/lnmp]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos v1 dddddf0d20d8 41 hours ago 880MB
二.构建nginx镜像
查看nginx的目录结构
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/nginx]# tree .
.
├── dockerfile
├── fastcgi_params
├── nginx-1.17.7.tar.gz
├── nginx.conf
└── www.conf
0 directories, 5 files
构建nginx的dockfile
#基于之前构建的镜像
FROM centos:v1
#安装工具和依赖包
RUN yum -y install wget gcc gcc-c++ glibc make autoconf openssl openssl-devel libxml2 libxml2-dev libxslt-devel gd-devel GeoIP GeoIP-devel GeoIP-data
#创建用户
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin www
#拷贝文件并解压
ADD nginx-1.17.7.tar.gz /usr/local/src
#切换目录
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.17.7
#编译安装
RUN ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-file-aio --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_geoip_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_stub_status_module && make && make install
#删除源码包
RUN rm -rf /opt/nginx/nginx-1.17.7.tar.gz
#设置环境变量
ENV PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
#复制文件
COPY nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
COPY fastcgi_params /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params
#创建目录
RUN mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d
#复制文件
COPY www.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/www.conf
#对外暴露的端口
EXPOSE 80
ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"]
CMD ["-g","daemon off;"]
这里nginx采用了编译安装，创建了用户www和安装了nginx的一些依赖包，copy了一些配置文件到镜像中。详细配置文件参考：
nginx.conf
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/nginx]# cat nginx.conf
user www;
worker_processes auto;
error_log logs/error.log error;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
use epoll;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
send_timeout 60;
gzip on;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/*.conf;
}
fastcgi_params
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/nginx]# cat fastcgi_params
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_SCHEME $scheme;
fastcgi_param HTTPS $https if_not_empty;
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;
www.conf
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/nginx]# cat www.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name _;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
index index.htm index.html index.php;
location ~ \.php$ {
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
fastcgi_pass php:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
可以发现fastcgi_pass php:9000;
这是因为php也是一个容器，和nginx是隔离的，后面启动容器的时候nginx将会通过--link的方式与镜像进行互联访问。
构建nginx镜像
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/nginx]# docker build -t nginx:v1 .
查看镜像
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/nginx]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx v1 661f93782161 4 hours ago 1.18GB
centos v1 dddddf0d20d8 42 hours ago 880MB
三.构建php镜像
查看PHP的目录结构
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/php]# tree .
.
├── dockerfile
├── libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
├── php-5.6.35.tar.gz
├── php-fpm.conf.default
└── php.ini-production
0 directories, 5 files
查看构建php的dockerfile
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/php]# cat dockerfile
FROM centos:v1
ADD libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz /usr/local/src
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/libmcrypt-2.5.8
RUN ./configure && make && make install
ADD php-5.6.35.tar.gz /usr/local/src
RUN yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libjpeg-turbo libjpeg-turbo-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel zlib zlib-devel libcurl libcurl-devel
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/php-5.6.35
RUN ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-openssl --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-mcrypt --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --enable-sockets --enable-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-bz2 --with-gd && make && make install
COPY php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
COPY php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin www
RUN sed -i -e 's@;pid = run/php-fpm.pid@pid = run/php-fpm.pid@g' -e 's@nobody@www@g' -e 's@listen = 127.0.0.1:9000@listen = 0.0.0.0:9000@g' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
RUN sed -i 's@;daemonize = yes@daemonize = no@g' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
EXPOSE 9000
CMD ["/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm"]
构建的服务必须运行在前台，而对于nginx来说：daemon off 表示将后台运行关闭了，于是运行在前台,而对于php：sed -i 's@;daemonize = yes@daemonize = no@g' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
这里也是将daemon模式关闭了，于是/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm 运行在前台。
php与nginx隔离类似于nginx与PHP安装在不同的服务器一样，需要修改如下配置
vim www.conf
.....
#修改监听地址
listen = 0.0.0.0:9000
#注释如下配置
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
.....
构建PHP镜像
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/php]# docker build -t php:v1 .
查看镜像
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/php]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx v1 661f93782161 5 hours ago 1.18GB
php v1 577689c46c02 21 hours ago 1.64GB
centos v1 dddddf0d20d8 42 hours ago 880MB
四.启动nginx容器和php容器
利用构建的镜像启动php、nginx服务：
[root@docker01 ~]# docker run -d --name php -v /www:/usr/local/nginx/html php:v1 #启动一个php容器并通过-v进行映射
cf77c85e7c2f63a7ac2db2edaa37d22418503e8cfa35d87b9cfad541d03e004a
[root@docker01 ~]# docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 -v /www:/usr/local/nginx/html --link=php:php nginx:v1 #启动一个nginx容器并通过-v进行映射及--link进行关联php容器
3bbc12db8e9cc118a7824c5a314d13c4e37f3a6397f32bbfe939f9e424b306e0
上面启动php的容器时，使用了-v进行映射，如果这里不进行映射，那么php的程序会启动，但是遇到php结尾的文件将不会解析，出现file not found的错误。
查看容器状态
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
32212cad6eff nginx:v1 "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx
5e62acb4ca3d php:v1 "/usr/local/php/sbin…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 9000/tcp php
宿主机上设置测试文件
[root@docker01 /www]# ll
total 10852
-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000 24 Jan 14 17:21 index.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000 32 Jan 14 16:59 test.html
[root@docker01 /www]# cat index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@docker01 /www]# cat test.html
<h1>Hello Docker nginx-php</h1>
测试访问
进入nginx容器查看/etc/hosts
[root@32212cad6eff nginx-1.17.7]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
172.17.0.3 php 5e62acb4ca3d
172.17.0.4 32212cad6eff
说明：www.conf配置fastcgi_pass php:9000的原因就在这里。
五.构建mysql镜像
查看mysql目录结构
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/mysql]# tree .
.
├── dockerfile
├── MariaDB-10.0.33-centos7-x86_64-client.rpm
├── MariaDB-10.0.33-centos7-x86_64-common.rpm
├── MariaDB-10.0.33-centos7-x86_64-compat.rpm
├── MariaDB-10.0.33-centos7-x86_64-server.rpm
├── ori.sql
├── server.cnf
└── setup.sh
0 directories, 8 files
获取mysql安装包：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/16R9m-Xx_-_flYkIfz5Ox1g
提取码：w385
查看构建mysql的dockerfile
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/mysql]# cat dockerfile
FROM centos:v1
COPY MariaDB-10.0.33-centos7-x86_64-client.rpm /root/MariaDB-10.0.33-centos7-x86_64-client.rpm
COPY MariaDB-10.0.33-centos7-x86_64-common.rpm /root/MariaDB-10.0.33-centos7-x86_64-common.rpm
COPY MariaDB-10.0.33-centos7-x86_64-compat.rpm /root/MariaDB-10.0.33-centos7-x86_64-compat.rpm
COPY MariaDB-10.0.33-centos7-x86_64-server.rpm /root/MariaDB-10.0.33-centos7-x86_64-server.rpm
WORKDIR /root
RUN yum remove mysql-libs -y
RUN yum -y install *.rpm
ADD ori.sql /root/ori.sql
ADD server.cnf /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
ADD setup.sh /root/setup.sh
RUN yum clean all
RUN chmod +x /root/setup.sh
EXPOSE 3306
CMD ["/bin/bash","/root/setup.sh"]
说明：1.配置文件通过后面启动时挂载进去，（如果后面有更改，只需要在某个目录创建好配置文件，然后进行挂载即可）；2.ori.sql是关于执行的sql（赋予root密码，创建数据库等等）；3.setup.sh是执行了重新初始mysql（mariadb），最后重启了服务（使用了 --user=mysql，避免出现了使用root用户启动mariadb）
setup.sh脚本原理：Dockerfile用来安装数据库服务，安装完成后，通过setup.sh脚本重新将mysql进行初始化 初始化后，开启MySQL服务执行setup.sh中的sql，关闭mysql数据库 重新以前台的方式启动MySQL数据库服务。
setup.sh
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/mysql]# cat setup.sh
#!/bin/sh
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
mysql_install_db --user=mysql > /dev/null
mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
sleep 5
mysql < /root/ori.sql
sleep 5
ps -wef | grep mysql | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
mysqld_safe --user=mysql
ori.sql
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/mysql]# cat ori.sql
create database wordpress DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
USE mysql;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD("root") WHERE user='root';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
说明：这里可以根据需求自行修改sql语句，这里是为了后面部署wordpress做创库和授权的操作。
server.conf
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/mysql]# cat server.cnf
[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
console=1
general_log=1
general_log_file=/dev/stdout
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
character-set-server=utf8
构建mysql镜像
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/mysql]# docker build -t mysql:v1 .
查看镜像
[root@docker01 /data/dockerfile/mysql]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx v1 661f93782161 5 hours ago 1.18GB
mysql v1 8e69a43533db 6 hours ago 1.6GB
php v1 577689c46c02 22 hours ago 1.64GB
centos v1 dddddf0d20d8 43 hours ago 880MB
六.创建lnmp环境并部署wordpress
1.基于当前镜像构建lnmp
#启动一个mysql容器
[root@docker01 ~]# docker run -d --name mysql -v /root/mysql/server.cnf:/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf -v /data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql -p 3306:3306 mysql:v1
#启动一个PHP容器
[root@docker01 ~]# docker run -d --name php -v /www:/usr/local/nginx/html --link=mysql:mysql php:v1
#启动一个nginx容器
[root@docker01 ~]# docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 -v /www:/usr/local/nginx/html --link=php:php nginx:v1
这里阐述下这里启动的这三个容器：（1）先启动一个mysql容器， 并且将上面的server.cnf配置文件和数据目录挂载到了容器内部，这样就防止了数据的丢失；（2）接着启动一个php容器，使用了-v进行映射，如果这里不进行映射，那么php的程序会启动，但是遇到php结尾的文件将不会解析，出现file not found的错误，并且使用了 --link 与mysql 关联，这样php容器就可以连接mysql数据库了；（3）最后启动一个nginx容器，同样使用了-v 进行映射，将网站目录映射到宿主机，通过 --link与php 关联。
查看容器状态
[root@docker01 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
32212cad6eff nginx:v1 "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx
5e62acb4ca3d php:v1 "/usr/local/php/sbin…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 9000/tcp php
865ae86fc2a5 mysql:v1 "/bin/bash /root/set…" 5 hours ago Up 5 hours 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp mysql
2.部署wordpress
宿主机上传源码包并解压
[root@docker01 /www]# ll
total 10852
-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000 24 Jan 14 17:21 index.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000 32 Jan 14 16:59 test.html
drwxr-xr-x 5 1006 1006 4096 Jan 15 12:00 wordpress
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11098483 Jan 15 11:44 wordpress-5.0.3-zh_CN.tar.gz
浏览器访问http://ip:wordpress
web界面设置
省略其它步骤...
设置完成后用户名密码登录
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