初始环境
Windows 10
Xshell 6
VMware® Workstation 15 Pro
虚拟机中安装 CentOS 7
软件安装
查看系统版本
[mongodb@mongodb01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
windows上选择对应MongoDB版本下载
查看当前虚拟机中使用系统版本
MongoDB Community Server
Version：4.2.1 (current release)
OS：RHEL 7.0 Linux 64-bit x64
Package：TGZ
URL：https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.1.tgz
建立虚拟机中文件存放目录
[mongodb@mongodb01 ~]$ mkdir software
[mongodb@mongodb01 ~]$ cd ./software
[mongodb@mongodb01 software]$
windows文件上传至linux
[mongodb@mongodb01 software]$ rz
弹出对话框中选择需上传的文件，等待上传完成
[mongodb@mongodb01 software]$ ll
总用量 112892
-rw-r--r--. 1 mongodb mongodb 115601247 10月 18 15:24 mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.1.tgz
解压安装，并建立对应文件目录
[mongodb@mongodb01 software]$ tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.1.tgz
mkdir -p /opt/mongo/data/db/
mkdir -p /opt/mongo/logs/
可能提示权限不够，切换root用户，将mongodb添加sudoers中
[root@mongodb01 ~]# vi /etc/sudoers
i #进入编辑模式，添加mongodb相关记录
## Allow root to run any commands anywhere
root ALL=(ALL) ALL
mongodb ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
## Allows members of the 'sys' group to run networking, software,
esc #退出编辑模式
:wq! #强制保存退出
切换回mongodb用户，使用sudo创建
sudo mkdir -p /opt/mongo/data/db/
sudo mkdir -p /opt/mongo/logs/
虚拟机克隆，修改机器名、IP
[root@mongodb01 ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname mongodb02
[root@mongodb01 ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[root@mongodb01 network-scripts]# ll
总用量 252
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 310 9月 18 15:23 ifcfg-ens33
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 254 8月 24 2018 ifcfg-lo
[root@mongodb01 network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-ens33
修改BOOTPROTO，添加IPADDR、NETMASK、GATEWAY，需与其他机器保持同一网关
BOOTPROTO="static"
IPADDR=192.168.153.129
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.153.2
[root@mongodb01 network-scripts]# sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 192.168.153.2
#重启机器 或 重启网络
#reboot
#sudo systemctl restart network
#测试网络
[mongodb@mongodb01]$ ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (61.135.169.121) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 61.135.169.121 (61.135.169.121): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=49.6 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.121 (61.135.169.121): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=55.0 ms
[mongodb@mongodb01 bin]$ ping 8.8.8.8
PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=46.7 ms
可能涉及vim命令
i
Vi 进入编辑模式
esc 退出编辑模式
:q!
Vi放弃所作修改而直接退到shell下
:wq
Vi将先保存文件，然后退出Vi返回到shell
初始化环境
192.168.153.128_mongodb01
192.168.153.129_mongodb02
192.168.153.130_mongodb03
管理员用户：root
一般用户：mongodb
mongodb程序路径：/home/mongodb/software/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.1
mongodb数据库文件路径：/opt/mongo/data/db/
mongodb日志文件路径：/opt/mongo/logs/
集群部署
创建mongodb配置文件
[mongodb@mongodb01 ~]$ sudo vi /opt/mongo/mongo.conf
fork=true
dbpath=/opt/mongo/data/db
port=27017
bind_ip=0.0.0.0
logpath=/opt/mongo/logs/mongodb.log
logappend=true
replSet=database_repl
启动mongo服务
[mongodb@mongodb01]$ cd /home/mongodb/software/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.1/bin/
[mongodb@mongodb01 bin]$ ./mongod --config /opt/mongo/mongo.conf
# 启动异常
ERROR: child process failed, exited with error number 1
To see additional information in this output, start without the "--fork" option.
# 检查配置文件中目录是否正确、用户权限，使用sudo再次启动
[mongodb@mongodb01 bin]$ sudo ./mongod --config /opt/mongo/mongo.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 10111
child process started successfully, parent exiting
#查看27017是否启动成功
netstat -ntlp
配置副本集
# 进入mongo客户端
./mongo
# 配置复制集
var rsconf = {
_id:'database_repl', //_id要与配置文件中指定的服务所属的复制集相同
members: //复制集成员
[
{
_id:1, //成员的id
host:'192.168.153.128:27017' //成员所属节点的ip以及该成员服务启动时所占的端口
},
{
_id:2,
host:'192.168.153.129:27017'
},
{
_id:3,
host:'192.168.153.130:27017'
}
]
}
# 初始化配置(加载rsconf配置文件)
rs.initiate(rsconf);
# 遇到如下异常，检查防火墙
{
"operationTime" : Timestamp(0, 0),
"ok" : 0,
"errmsg" : "replSetInitiate quorum check failed because not all proposed set members responded affirmatively: 192.168.153.130:27017 failed with Error connecting to 192.168.153.130:27017 :: caused by :: No route to host, 192.168.153.129:27017 failed with Error connecting to 192.168.153.129:27017 :: caused by :: No route to host",
"code" : 74,
"codeName" : "NodeNotFound",
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(0, 0),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
# 成功提示
{
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1571471070, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1571471070, 1)
}
# 状态查看
rs.status();
开启防火墙特定端口，重启防火墙
[mongodb@mongodb01 ~]$ firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=27017/tcp --permanent
Authorization failed.
Make sure polkit agent is running or run the application as superuser.
[mongodb@mongodb01 ~]$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=27017/tcp --permanent
success
[mongodb@mongodb03 bin]$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload
[mongodb@mongodb03 bin]$ sudo firewall-cmd --list-all
public (active)
target: default
icmp-block-inversion: no
interfaces: ens33
sources:
services: ssh dhcpv6-client
ports: 27017/tcp
protocols:
masquerade: no
forward-ports:
source-ports:
icmp-blocks:
rich rules:
插入数据
# 进入mongo客户端
./mongo
# 主节点插入数据
database_repl:PRIMARY> db.products.insert(
[
{ _id: 11, item: "pencil", qty: 50, type: "no.2" },
{ item: "pen", qty: 20 },
{ item: "eraser", qty: 25 }
]
)
# 主节点查询
database_repl:PRIMARY> db.products.find()
{ "_id" : 11, "item" : "pencil", "qty" : 50, "type" : "no.2" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5dad08970aa2213b94e6d7e5"), "item" : "pen", "qty" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5dad08970aa2213b94e6d7e6"), "item" : "eraser", "qty" : 25 }
# 登录从节点，查询提示错误
database_repl:SECONDARY> db.products.find()
Error: error: {
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1571621227, 1),
"ok" : 0,
"errmsg" : "not master and slaveOk=false",
"code" : 13435,
"codeName" : "NotMasterNoSlaveOk",
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1571621227, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
# 允许从节点查询
database_repl:SECONDARY> rs.slaveOk();
database_repl:SECONDARY> db.products.find()
{ "_id" : 11, "item" : "pencil", "qty" : 50, "type" : "no.2" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5dad08970aa2213b94e6d7e5"), "item" : "pen", "qty" : 20 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5dad08970aa2213b94e6d7e6"), "item" : "eraser", "qty" : 25 }
# 从节点不允许添加更新、删除
WriteCommandError({
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1571622037, 1),
"ok" : 0,
"errmsg" : "not master",
"code" : 10107,
"codeName" : "NotMaster",
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1571622037, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
})
其他指令
# 添加节点
rs.add("ip:port");
# 移除节点
rs.remove("ip:port");
# 查看配置信息
rs.config();
测试
模拟主节点挂掉场景
# 查看主节点程序 PID（需要管理员权限），
[mongodb@mongodb01 bin]$ sudo netstat -ntlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 10111/./mongod
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:6000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7272/X
tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7480/dnsmasq
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7190/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7185/cupsd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7326/master
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6010 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 10742/sshd: mongodb
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::6000 :::* LISTEN 7272/X
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 7190/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 7185/cupsd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 7326/master
tcp6 0 0 ::1:6010 :::* LISTEN 10742/sshd: mongodb
[mongodb@mongodb01 bin]$ kill -9 10111
-bash: kill: (10111) - 不允许的操作
[mongodb@mongodb01 bin]$ sudo kill -9 10111
[mongodb@mongodb01 bin]$
# 进入从节点查看，发现02从节点自动成为主节点
[mongodb@mongodb02 bin]$ ./mongo
database_repl:PRIMARY> rs.status();
{
"set" : "database_repl",
"date" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:54:35.598Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"term" : NumberLong(2),
"syncingTo" : "",
"syncSourceHost" : "",
"syncSourceId" : -1,
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"majorityVoteCount" : 2,
"writeMajorityCount" : 2,
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571622874, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"lastCommittedWallTime" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:54:34.544Z"),
"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571622874, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"readConcernMajorityWallTime" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:54:34.544Z"),
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571622874, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571622874, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:54:34.544Z"),
"lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:54:34.544Z")
},
"lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(1571622844, 1),
"lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1571622844, 1),
"electionCandidateMetrics" : {
"lastElectionReason" : "electionTimeout",
"lastElectionDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:51:24.043Z"),
"termAtElection" : NumberLong(2),
"lastCommittedOpTimeAtElection" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571622667, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"lastSeenOpTimeAtElection" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571622667, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"numVotesNeeded" : 2,
"priorityAtElection" : 1,
"electionTimeoutMillis" : NumberLong(10000),
"numCatchUpOps" : NumberLong(27017),
"newTermStartDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:51:24.448Z"),
"wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:51:25.717Z")
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "192.168.153.128:27017",
"ip" : "192.168.153.128",
"health" : 0,
"state" : 8,
"stateStr" : "(not reachable/healthy)",
"uptime" : 0,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:54:34.483Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:51:13.987Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(1),
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "Error connecting to 192.168.153.128:27017 :: caused by :: Connection refused",
"syncingTo" : "",
"syncSourceHost" : "",
"syncSourceId" : -1,
"infoMessage" : "",
"configVersion" : -1
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "192.168.153.129:27017",
"ip" : "192.168.153.129",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"uptime" : 153445,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571622874, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:54:34Z"),
"syncingTo" : "",
"syncSourceHost" : "",
"syncSourceId" : -1,
"infoMessage" : "",
"electionTime" : Timestamp(1571622684, 1),
"electionDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:51:24Z"),
"configVersion" : 1,
"self" : true,
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
},
{
"_id" : 3,
"name" : "192.168.153.130:27017",
"ip" : "192.168.153.130",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 151805,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571622864, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571622864, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:54:24Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:54:24Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:54:34.358Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:54:33.866Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(13),
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
"syncingTo" : "192.168.153.129:27017",
"syncSourceHost" : "192.168.153.129:27017",
"syncSourceId" : 2,
"infoMessage" : "",
"configVersion" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1571622874, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1571622874, 1)
}
database_repl:PRIMARY>
测试剩余节点常见操作
# 添加数据
database_repl:PRIMARY> db.products.insert(
[
{ item: "mongodb2insert", qty: 25 }
]
)
# 检查数据，mongodb2、mongodb3正常运行，自动同步新添加数据
恢复挂掉节点
#恢复mongodb1服务
[mongodb@mongodb01 bin]$ sudo ./mongod --config /opt/mongo/mongo.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 36717
#服务正常，数据自动同步，集群正常
database_repl:SECONDARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "database_repl",
"date" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:50.125Z"),
"myState" : 2,
"term" : NumberLong(2),
"syncingTo" : "192.168.153.130:27017",
"syncSourceHost" : "192.168.153.130:27017",
"syncSourceId" : 3,
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"majorityVoteCount" : 2,
"writeMajorityCount" : 2,
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571623306, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"lastCommittedWallTime" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:46.388Z"),
"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571623306, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"readConcernMajorityWallTime" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:46.388Z"),
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571623306, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571623306, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:46.388Z"),
"lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:46.388Z")
},
"lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(1571623254, 1),
"lastStableCheckpointTimestamp" : Timestamp(1571623254, 1),
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "192.168.153.128:27017",
"ip" : "192.168.153.128",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 155,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571623306, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:46Z"),
"syncingTo" : "192.168.153.130:27017",
"syncSourceHost" : "192.168.153.130:27017",
"syncSourceId" : 3,
"infoMessage" : "",
"configVersion" : 1,
"self" : true,
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "192.168.153.129:27017",
"ip" : "192.168.153.129",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"uptime" : 108,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571623306, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571623306, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:46Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:46Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:48.910Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:48.903Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(3),
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
"syncingTo" : "",
"syncSourceHost" : "",
"syncSourceId" : -1,
"infoMessage" : "",
"electionTime" : Timestamp(1571622684, 1),
"electionDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T01:51:24Z"),
"configVersion" : 1
},
{
"_id" : 3,
"name" : "192.168.153.130:27017",
"ip" : "192.168.153.130",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 108,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571623306, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1571623306, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(2)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:46Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:46Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:49.066Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-10-21T02:01:48.442Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
"syncingTo" : "192.168.153.129:27017",
"syncSourceHost" : "192.168.153.129:27017",
"syncSourceId" : 2,
"infoMessage" : "",
"configVersion" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1571623306, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1571623306, 1)
}
database_repl:SECONDARY>
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