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词根学习笔记(10)|HYP/HYPO, THERM/THERMO
HYP/HYPO is a Greek prefix meaning "below, under". Many hypo- words are medical. A hypodermic needle injects medication under the skin. Hypotension, or low blood pressure, can be just as unhealthy as the better-known hypertension, or high blood pressure.
1-hypochondriac A person overly concerned with his or her own health who often suffers from delusions of physical disease.
# Hercule Poirot, the detective hero of the Agatha Christie mysteries, is a notorious hypochondriac, always trying to protect himself from drafts.
2-hypoglycemia Abnormal decrease of sugar in the blood.
# She had been controlling her hypoglycemia through diet and vitamins, but she now realized she needed to add daily exercise as well.
3-hypothermia Subnormal temperature of the body.
# By the time rescuers were able to pull the boy from the ppond's icy water, hypothermia had reached a life-threatening stage.
4-hypothetical 1) Involving an assumption made for the sake of argument or for further study or investigation; 2) Imagined for purpose of example.
# The candidate refused to say what she would do if faced with a hypothetical military crisis.
THERM/THERMO comes from the Greek word meaning "warm". A thermometer measures the amount of warmth in a body, the air or an oven. A thermostat makes sure the temperature stays at the same level.
1-thermal 1)Of, relating to, or caused by heat; 2) Designed to insulate in order to retain body heat.
# A special weave called thermal weave traps insulating air in little pockets to increase the warmth of long underwear and blankets.
2-thermodynamics Physics that deals with the mechanical actions or relations of heat.
# With his college major in electrical engineering, he assumed it would be an easy step to a graduate school in thermodynamics.
3-thermonuclear Of or relating to the changes in the nucleus of atoms with low atomic weight, such as hydrogen, that require a very high temperature to begin.
# In the 1950s and '60s, anxious American families built thousands of underground "fallout shelters" to protect themselves from the radiation of a thermonuclear blast.
4-British thermal unit The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit at a specific temperature.
# Wood-stove manufacturers compete with each other in their claims of how many British thermal units of heat output their stoves can produce.
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