听力来源：NPR，仅用于个人英语学习。
小建议：请到NPR官网-本音频页面聆听或下载本音频。先花10分钟听两遍音频，再看文本，效果更佳。
内容简介：本文和几天前听读的一篇文章
2019-05-19Study Finds Ultra-Processed Foods Drive Weight Gain可谓是姊妹篇，主旨就是：如何吃出健康？
Researchers Say Evidence Shows What You Eat Really Does Matter
May 17, 2019
DAVID GREENE, HOST:There are two new diet studies out this week, and they add more evidence that when it comes to staying healthy, it may not be enough to just count those calories. What you choose to eat really does matter. NPR's Allison Aubrey reports on what researchers learned when they tracked the diets and health of thousands of women over two decades.
ALLISON AUBREY, BYLINE: When the Women's Health Initiative study began back in the 1990s, about 20,000 women were put on a diet. They were told to cut back on fatty foods such as red meat and full-fat dairy. And they were told to add in more plant-based foods. Here's study author Rowan Chlebowski of the Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center.
ROWAN CHLEBOWSKI: So we asked the women to eat more fruits, vegetables and grains but also to reduce their total fat intake.
AUBREY: Two decades later, what he and his colleagues have found is that women who were put on this diet had a 21% lower risk of death from breast cancer compared to women who didn't change their diets.
CHLEBOWSKI: This is significant because this is the first intervention study of any kind targeting breast cancer where a reduction in deaths from breast cancer has been seen.
AUBREY: The study adds to the evidence that what you eat can be an important driver of health. But it also raises new questions about exactly which changes the women in the study made that may have been most beneficial. Here's Jennifer Ligibel, a medical oncologist at the Dana Farber Cancer Institute.
JENNIFER LIGIBEL: There's been a lot that we've learned in the time since the study started about healthy fats and unhealthy fats.
AUBREY: At a time when we're told to eat plenty of healthy fats from sources such as avocados and olive oil, was it really an overall reduction in fat during the study that worked in the women's favor? Or was it due to other factors, such as all of the good nutrients and fiber that come from eating more fruits, vegetables and whole grains? Chlebowski says it's just not clear.
CHLEBOWSKI: We can't really separate out at the present time which component was important. But we have bloods on all 48,000 women, and now we will be examining a number of analyses to see if we can dissect out which were the important components.
AUBREY: So there's much more to learn. Now, one interesting point - the women in the study were not told to count calories or reduce calories. But overall, they did lose weight.
CHLEBOWSKI: We didn't target caloric intake reduction, but the women did reduce their weight by about 3%. So I think it's a message of dietary moderation.
AUBREY: The findings fit with another new study out this week that evaluated the effects of an ultra-processed diet compared to a minimally processed diet. It too finds that an overall healthy diet containing plenty of fruits, vegetables and whole grains can help prevent weight gain. Dariush Mozaffarian is dean of the Friedman School of Nutrition at Tufts University.
DARIUSH MOZAFFARIAN: The effects are really consistent with a lot of research coming out over the last decade that you can't judge a food by its calorie count.
AUBREY: And when it comes to eating healthy, the quality and range of foods you choose matter too. Allison Aubrey, NPR News.
知识点笔记：
1.fatty:（食物）含脂肪多的；高脂的
e.g.1.Don't eat fatty food or chocolates...
2.A food that is too fatty may cause indigestion.
-
full-fat dairy：全脂奶制品，从网上找了一张进口奶粉的包装图，上面蓝色和红色的部分就是全脂和脱脂的标识。
full cream&skim-图片来自网络
-
文中提到healthy fat健康的脂肪，举例：avocados and olive oil
avocados-图片来自网络
olive oil-图片来自网络
请注意，图片里的olive oil前面为什么有extra virgin?
extra virgin olive oil comes from olives that are pressed for the first time, and is considered to be the best quality olive oil.就是我们所说的特级初榨橄榄油，这是品质最好的。
2.when it comes to: 当提到..., 这个表达可以用于引出要讨论的话题
e.g. That's especially true when it comes to math.
3.put on a diet节食
...to cut back on fatty foods减少食用
e.g. Try to cut back on foods containing wheat and dairy products.
4.intake:（食物、饮料、空气的）摄入量
e.g.1.Your intake of alcohol should not exceed two units per day...
2.Reduce your salt intake.
3.He heard a sharp intake of breath.
5.driver:驱动力
回忆复习:Sugar is known to drive hunger.
6.in sb's favor: 对...有利
e.g.1.Conditions on court are very much in Williams' favour.
2.The new rules should actually work in your favor.
3.Duncan had his height and weight in his favour during the fight.
7....we have blood on all 48,000 women...这里可以看到have表意的灵活，这句话表示采了血样。
8.dissect：
- 解剖
e.g.1.We dissected a frog in biology class.
2.I'm just starting to dissect around Mr. Gaston's tumor. - 引申：剖析；分析
e.g.People want to dissect his work and question his motives.
9.message:启示，寓意
e.g.The result of this legal battle sends an important message to people in similar situations.
10.回忆复习：
(1)consistent with与...一致
(2)judge a food by its calorie count
judge ...by ...以...评判
11.quality and range of foods食物的质量和种类
网友评论