CentOS7 安装MySQL5.7

简单记录如何在CentOS7 安装配置MySQL5.7以备以后查用。

• 安装mysql官网给出的方法安装mysql社区版

>>> wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
>>> rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# 查看有哪些版本的mysql:
>>> yum repolist all | grep mysql
# yum-config-manager 命令修改相应的版本为启用状态最新版本为禁用状态;
# 根据需要禁用相应版本，这里要安装mysql5.7，所以禁用mysql8
>>> yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
>>> yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community
# 安装mysql server
>>> yum install mysql-community-server

• 安装成功之后重启mysql服务

>>> sudo service mysqld restart

• 初次安装mysql是没有密码的，需要我们自己修改密码

>>> mysql -u root

• 如果告诉你没有登录权限，是因为在安装mysql的时候系统会生成一个标记过期的初始密码，需要管理员更改此密码

>>> grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log

• 使用此密码登录mysql

>>> mysql -u root -p
>>> show databases;
>>> use mysql;
>>> show tables;
>>> select user,password,host from user;
# 更新密码
>>> set password for root@localhost = password('123456')
# 然后退出重新登录
>>> exit;
>>> mysql -u root -p

• 允许以root身份远程登录mysql

>>> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
>>> flush privileges;

• 修改数据库的配置文件（包括进行优化数据库，配置字符集）

>>> sudo vim /etc/my.cnf
# 填入如下内容
[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine=INNODB
#innodb_data_home_dir = /home/mysql/data

# innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:76M;ibdata2:128M:autoextend
# innodb_log_group_home_dir = /home/mysql/data
# innodb_log_arch_dir = /home/mysql/data

# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %  of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64G
# innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M

innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
port=3306
character_set_server=utf8mb4
[client]
default_character_set=utf8mb4

• 保存退出后，重新启动MySQL

>>>  sudo systemctl restart mysqld
# 登录后简单查看字符集编码
>>> show variables like 'character%';