Python 通过邮件发送测试报告

1. 自动化测试报告

• 自动化的测试报告一般会通过邮件或钉钉机器人发送，或是直接显示在质量管理平台上来输出数据供大家查看。今天先来简单的说下Python发送邮件

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2. Python SMTP发送邮件

• SMTP（Simple Mail Transfer Protocol）即简单邮件传输协议,它是一组用于由源地址到目的地址传送邮件的规则，由它来控制信件的中转方式。

3. 使用其他邮件服务商的 SMTP 访问

• 这里来用网易的163邮箱举例子
• 登陆邮箱然后进入下图的页面，该勾的勾上
  截图来自网易邮箱
• 然后设置一下客户端授权码
  截图来自网易邮箱
• 发短信开启

4.简单的实例

#! /usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# 伊洛Yiluo https://yiluotalk.com

import smtplib
import time
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header


class TestMail(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.mail_host = "smtp.163.com"
        self.mail_user = "@163.com"
        self.mail_pass = "" # 163客户端授权密码

        self.sender = '@163.com'
        self.receivers = ''

    def send_mail(self):
        body = 'Dear all:\n接口自动化测试报告如下：\n   测试用例集合：{}\n   运行结果：{}'.format('xxxx', 'xxxx')
        tm = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time()))
        message = MIMEText(body, 'plain', 'utf-8')
        message['From'] = self.mail_user
        message['To'] = self.receivers

        subject = '接口自动化报告测试'
        message['Subject'] = Header(subject + '_' + tm, 'utf-8')

        try:
            smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP()
            smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.mail_host, 465)
            smtpObj.login(self.mail_user, self.mail_pass)
            smtpObj.sendmail(self.sender, self.receivers, message.as_string())
            print('send mail ok')
        except smtplib.SMTPException:
            print('send mail fail')


if __name__ == "__main__":
    send = TestMail()
    send.send_mail()

5.读取配置

• 通常来讲一般发送邮件只是自动化框架的一个模块。封装发送邮件的时候，配置都是读取的
• 来简单的创建一个'config.ini'的配置文件

#! /usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# 伊洛Yiluo https://yiluotalk.com

[mail]
#发送邮件信息
mail_host = smtp.163.com
mail_user = @163.com
mail_pass =                # 163客户端授权密码

sender = @163.com
receivers = 

• 来读取一下配置

#! /usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# 伊洛Yiluo https://yiluotalk.com


import smtplib
import time
from pathlib import Path
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header

from configparser import ConfigParser


class TestMail(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.config = ConfigParser()
        self.conf_path = str(Path('config.ini').absolute())  # 读取绝对路径

        self.config.read(self.conf_path, encoding='utf-8')

    def send_mail(self):
        body = 'Dear all:\nDEMO 接口自动化测试报告：\n   测试用例集合：{}\n   运行结果：{}'.format('xxxx', 'xxxx')
        tm = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time()))
        message = MIMEText(body, 'plain', 'utf-8')
        message['From'] = self.config.get('mail', 'sender')
        message['To'] = self.config.get('mail', 'receivers')

        subject = '接口自动化测试报告'
        message['Subject'] = Header(subject + '_' + tm, 'utf-8')

        try:
            smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP()
            smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.config.get('mail', 'mail_host'), 465)
            smtpObj.login(self.config.get('mail', 'mail_user'), self.config.get('mail', 'mail_pass'))
            smtpObj.sendmail(self.config.get('mail', 'sender'), self.config.get('mail', 'receivers'), message.as_string())
            print('send mail ok')
        except smtplib.SMTPException:
            print('send mail fail')


if __name__ == "__main__":
    send = TestMail()
    send.send_mail()

• 打开邮箱来看看邮件

  
  截图来自QQ邮箱

6. 发送邮件带附件

• 发邮件有时会需要发送附件

• 由于平时看到一些好的文章或者书会喜欢发送到kindle上面查看，其实推到kindle就是相当于给自己的kindle设备发了带有书籍文件附件的邮件，通常是mobi格式

• 登录亚马逊官方，如下图查看自己设备对应的邮箱

  
  截图来自亚马逊

• 去掉其他多余功能，简化下完，剩邮件部分代码

#! /usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# 伊洛Yiluo https://yiluotalk.com

import os
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.header import Header


def send_kindle():
    mail_host = "smtp.163.com"
    mail_user = "@163.com"
    mail_pass = ""

    sender = '@163.com'
    receivers = '@kindle.cn'

    message = MIMEMultipart()
    message['From'] = mail_user
    message['To'] = receivers
    subject = '{}'.format(filename)
    message['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')

    message.attach(MIMEText('{}'.format(filename), 'plain', 'utf-8'))

    att1 = MIMEText(open('/Users/Documents/book/{}'.format(filename), 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
    att1["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
    att1["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="book.mobi"'
    message.attach(att1)

    try:
        smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host, 465)
        smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
        smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receivers, message.as_string())
        print("书籍已成功推送到您的kindle设备")
    except smtplib.SMTPException:
        print("Error: 无法推送书籍")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    filename = input("请输入您要推动到Kindle的书籍，请带Mobi后缀：")
    os.path.split(filename)
    send_kindle()

• 运行脚本在如下会成功看到推送的内容

  
  截图来自亚马逊
  
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