在发达国家，常常会用飞机喷洒农药。随着无人机技术的发展，现在已经能用无人机来代替飞机洒药了。
Fighting malaria with drones
by Andrew Wight
Every year in the eastern African country of Tanzania, malaria infects more than 10 million people killing 80,000 – and until now eradication（根除） efforts have been largely focused on costly and time-consuming manual spraying.
Tanzania /ˌtænzəˈniːə/ n. 坦桑尼亚
malaria /məˈleəriə/ n. 疟疾
infect /ɪnˈfekt/ v. 感染
largely /ˈlɑːdʒli/ adv. 在很大程度上、基本上（由large加后缀-ly变成副词）
focus on 聚焦于、专注于
costly /ˈkɒstli/ adj. 花钱多的、昂贵的（由cost加后缀-ly变成形容词）
time-consuming /ˈtaɪmkənˌsjuːmɪŋ/ adj. 耗时的
manual /ˈmænjuəl/ adj. 手工的、体力的
spray /spreɪ/ v. 喷洒
"We are ready now to use drones to spray a non-toxic, biodegradable（可生物降解的） control agent called Aquatain AMF in rice paddies to kill mosquito larvae（幼虫）," said Leka Tingitana, the managing director of Tanzania Flying Labs, which trains locals in new technical and business skills.★
drone /drəʊn/ n. 无人机
non- 前缀，表示否定
toxic /ˈtɒksɪk/ adj. 有毒的
control agent /ˈeɪdʒ(ə)nt/ 控制剂
rice paddy /ˈpædi/ 稻田
mosquito /məˈskiːtəʊ/ n. 蚊子
local /ˈləʊk(ə)l/ n. 当地人
technical /ˈteknɪk(ə)l/ adj. 科技的
★ 这句话里第一个逗号相当于and，其作用是使non-toxic和biodegradable并列，一起修饰后面的control agent
Bart Knols, a medical entomologist（昆虫学家） and one of the co-founder of the anti-malaria drone (AMD) project, says the field trials of the airborne（空中的） spraying drone in October were the culmination（巅峰时刻） of years of effort that began with a message to his website.
medical /ˈmedɪk(ə)l/ adj. 医学的、医疗的
co- 前缀，意思是共同
founder /ˈfaʊndə(r)/ n. 创办人（由found加上表示人的后缀-er）
anti- 前缀，意思是“反”
project /ˈprɒdʒekt/ n. 项目、工程
field trial /ˈtraɪəl/ 实地测试
"I was approached on the contact form of my website by Guido Welter, a German national, who remembered spraying of pesticides（杀虫剂） in German vineyards（葡萄园） with helicopters during his youth and was following the developments in drone technology closely," Knols said. "He also had an uncle in Brazil that came with stories of malaria. He connected the dots. Guido and I met in a roadside restaurant and it all started from there."
approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ v. 接洽
contact form 联系表格
national /ˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)l/ n. （某国的）公民
helicopter /ˈhelɪˌkɒptə(r)/ n. 直升机
closely /ˈkləʊsli/ adv. 密切地（由close加后缀-ly变成副词）
Brazil /brəˈzɪl/ n. 巴西
connect the dots 把不同来源的信息综合起来
roadside /ˈrəʊdsaɪd/ n. 路边（由road和side组成）
Knols says that after that initial meeting in 2015, they got the ball rolling and in 2017 they launched a crowdfunding campaign that would raise 20,000 euros. They initially tried to start the trials in Kenya but Knols said after a terror attack in Nairobi, drone permits became "impossible" to get, so they reach out to partners in Tanzania instead.
initial /ɪˈnɪʃ(ə)l/ adj. 最初的、一开始的
get the ball rolling 使某事开始
launch /lɔːntʃ/ v. 发动、使开始
crowdfunding /ˈkraʊdfʌndɪŋ/ n. 众筹（由crowd和funding组成）
campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ n. 社会运动
raise /reɪz/ v. 筹款
euro /ˈjʊərəʊ/ n. 欧元
initially /ɪˈnɪʃ(ə)li/ adv. 最初、一开始（由initial加后缀-ly变成副词）
trial /ˈtraɪəl/ n. 试验（由try加后缀-al变成名词）
Kenya /ˈkenjə/ n. 肯尼亚（东非国家）
terror /ˈterə(r)/ n. 恐怖
Nairobi /naɪˈrəʊbi/ n. 内罗毕（肯尼亚首都）
permit /ˈpɜːmɪt/ n. 许可、许可证（无人机飞行之前需要得到有关部门批准）
reach out 主动跟别人联系
partner /ˈpɑːtnə(r)/ n. 合作伙伴
The project's leaders say this is the first-time ever use of drones to apply a biological control agent against mosquitoes anywhere in the world. Tingitana said funding came from the AMD in the Netherlands and China's DJI Company, who developed the specialized drones capable of spraying the thick, honey-like Aquatain AMF.
apply /əˈplaɪ/ v. 应用、运用
biological /ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l/ adj. 生物的（由biology加后缀-ical变成形容词）
funding /ˈfʌndɪŋ/ n. 经费
the Netherlands /ˈneðələndz/ 荷兰（西欧国家）
DJI 大疆公司
specialized /ˈspeʃ(ə)laɪzd/ adj. 专门的、专用的
capable /ˈkeɪpəb(ə)l/ adj. 有能力的
thick /θɪk/ adj. 粘稠的
Tingitana said there were many applications for drones in east Africa. "The land surveying and remote sensing capabilities of drones are the most pertinent（相关的） aspects of drone technology in the African context at the moment," he said.
application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 应用
survey /səˈveɪ/ v. 勘测
remote sensing 遥感
capability /ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/ n. 能力
aspect /ˈæspekt/ n. 方面
context /ˈkɒntekst/ n. 环境、背景
Tingitana explained that urban planners and public health specialists do not have accurate data of where people live or what services or infrastructure they have access to, which has major implications for disaster management, disease control and many other areas. "Drones help fill this gap by acquiring high-resolution near-ground imagery on demand and cost-effectively," he said.
urban /ˈɜːb(ə)n/ adj. 城市的
planner /ˈplænə(r)/ n. 规划者（由plan加上表示人的后缀-er）
specialist /ˈspeʃ(ə)lɪst/ n. 专业人士、专家（由special加上表示人的后缀-ist）
accurate /ˈækjurət/ adj. 准确的
data /ˈdeɪtə/ n. 数据
infrastructure /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃə(r)/ n. 基础设施
access /ˈækses/ n. 使用权、使用机会
major /ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/ adj. 主要的、重大的
implication /ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ n. （对将来的）影响
disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ n. 灾害
management /ˈmænɪdʒmənt/ n. 管理（由manage加后缀-ment变成名词）
area /ˈeəriə/ n. 领域
acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ v. 获取
resolution /ˌrezəˈluːʃ(ə)n/ n. 分辨率
imagery /ˈɪmɪdʒ(ə)ri/ n. 图像
on demand 按需要
cost-effectively 少花钱多办事地
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