excel表数据的导入导出

从excel表导入MySQL数据库

import xlrd
import pymysql


# 写入excel表数据
def insert_data():
    data = xlrd.open_workbook("excel/test.xlsx")
    sheet_names = data.sheet_names()
    # print(sheet_names)
    # 连接数据库
    db = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='root', passwd='123456',
                         db='excel', charset='utf8')
    cursor = db.cursor()
    for i in range(len(sheet_names)):
        # 当前sheet的名字
        table_name = sheet_names[i]
        # 当前的sheet
        now_table = data.sheet_by_index(i)
        # 获得当前sheet的列数就是属性数
        cols_num = now_table.ncols
        # 获得当前表格的行数，就是有多少的数据量
        rows_num = now_table.nrows
        attrs = now_table.row_values(0)
        # 判断表格是否存在
        flag = cursor.execute("show tables like '%s';" % table_name)
        # print(flag)
        # 表存在
        if flag:
            print("-------")
            # 将当前的sheet插入到数据库
            for j in range(1, rows_num):
                row_value = now_table.row_values(j)
                # 处理要插入的数据，把非字符串的数据转换成字符串类型，同时将字符串变成 sql语句需要的类型
                for k in range(1, len(row_value)):
                    ctype = now_table.cell(j, k).ctype
                    # print('ctype', ctype)
                    # ctype： 0 empty,1 string, 2 number, 3 date, 4 boolean, 5 error
                    if ctype == 2 and row_value[k] % 1 == 0:
                        tmp = int(row_value[k])
                        row_value[k] = str(tmp)
                    c = row_value[k]
                    row_value[k] = "'" + c + "'"
                # print(row_value)
                sql = "insert into %s(%s) values(%s);" % (table_name, ','.join(attrs[1:]), ','.join(row_value[1:]))
                cursor.execute(sql)
                db.commit()
        else:
            # 为sheet建表
            cursor.execute(f"create table {table_name} (id int primary key auto_increment);")
            db.commit()
            for l in range(1, cols_num):
                cursor.execute(f"alter table {table_name} add column {attrs[l]} varchar(200);")
                db.commit()
            # 将当前的sheet插入到数据库
            for j in range(1, rows_num):
                row_value = now_table.row_values(j)
                # 处理要插入的数据，把非字符串的数据转换成字符串类型，同时将字符串变成 sql语句需要的类型
                for k in range(1, len(row_value)):
                    ctype = now_table.cell(j, k).ctype
                    print('ctype', ctype)
                    # ctype： 0 empty,1 string, 2 number, 3 date, 4 boolean, 5 error
                    if ctype == 2 and row_value[k] % 1 == 0:
                        tmp = int(row_value[k])
                        row_value[k] = str(tmp)
                    c = row_value[k]
                    row_value[k] = "'" + c + "'"
                sql = "insert into %s(%s) values (%s);" % (table_name, ','.join(attrs[1:]), ','.join(row_value[1:]))
                cursor.execute(sql)
                db.commit()
    db.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    insert_data()

从MySQL数据库写入excel表

import xlwt
import pymysql
import os
import datetime


# 从数据库读取数据写入excel，生成xls or xlsx格式文件
def table_export_to_xls(sql):
    table_name = 'sheet1'
    # 连接数据库
    db = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='root', passwd='123456',
                         db='excel', charset='utf8')
    cursor = db.cursor()
    cursor.execute(sql)
    # 重置游标位置
    cursor.scroll(0, mode='absolute')
    # 搜取所有的结果
    results = cursor.fetchall()
    # print(result)
    # 获取属性名
    attrs = cursor.description
    print(attrs)

    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
    sheet1 = workbook.add_sheet(table_name, cell_overwrite_ok=True)
    # 写入表格的属性值
    for i in range(1, len(attrs)):
        sheet1.write(0, i-1, attrs[i][0])
    # 将数据库的数据导入表格
    row = 1
    col = 0
    for row in range(1, len(results)+1):
        for col in range(0, len(attrs)-1):
            sheet1.write(row, col, results[row-1][col+1])
    # 保存路径
    now_path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
    print(now_path)
    file_path = os.path.join(now_path, 'excel')
    print(file_path)
    export_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
    file_name = 'test-{0}.xlsx'.format(export_time)
    workbook.save(os.path.join(file_path, file_name))

    if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(file_path, file_name)):
        print('数据库重成功导出数据！')
        return {'path': file_path, 'name': file_name}
    else:
        print('导出失败！')
        return 'error'


if __name__ == '__main__':
    sql = "select * from sheet1"
    table_export_to_xls(sql)

PostgreSQL可参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/huangmengfeng/article/details/81005505