CentOS 7 命令行方式安装 Oracle 11.2.0.4

1、下载 oralce 安装包
点此下载

[root@devops oracle]# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
[root@devops oracle]# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
[root@devops oracle]# ls database/
install  readme.html  response  rpm  runInstaller  sshsetup  stage  welcome.html
[root@devops oracle]# mv database/ /tmp/

2、安装相关依赖
2.1 先安装pdksh

// centos 7 没有相关安装包可用，可下载 pdksh 的 rpm 包
[root@devops oracle]# wget http://vault.centos.org/5.11/os/x86_64/CentOS/pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
// 安装 pdksh 出现依赖问题的话，使用  rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm  --nodeps --force 安装
[root@devops oracle]# rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm

2.2 安装其他依赖

[root@devops oracle]# yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel expat gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel

2.3 检查所有依赖是否安装完整

[root@devops oracle]# rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel expat gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel | grep "not installed"

3、添加 oracle 用户组和用户

[root@devops oracle]# groupadd oinstall
[root@devops oracle]# groupadd dba
[root@devops oracle]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle oracle

4、优化系统内核参数

[root@devops oracle]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
session    required     pam_limits.so

[root@devops oracle]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle        soft    nproc    8192
oracle        hard    nproc    16384
oracle        soft    nofile  32768
oracle        hard    nofile  65535

[root@devops oracle]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 10523004
kernel.shmmax = 6465333657
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_max=1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
[root@devops oracle]# sysctl -p

[root@devops oracle]# vim /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
  if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
    ulimit -p 16384
    ulimit -n 65535
  else
    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65535
  fi
fi
[root@devops oracle]# source /etc/profile

5、创建 oracle 相关目录

[root@devops oracle]# mkdir /data/oracle

[root@devops oracle]# mkdir /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 -p
[root@devops oracle]# mkdir /data/oracle/oraInventory -p
[oracle@devops ~]$ mkdir -p /data/oracle/oradata
[oracle@devops ~]$ mkdir -p /data/oracle/fast_recovery_area
[root@devops oracle]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle/
[root@devops oracle]# chmod -R 775 /data/oracle/

6、配置 swap 空间

[root@devops oracle]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/swap bs=1M count=8192
[root@devops oracle]# mkswap /data/swap
[root@devops oracle]# swapon /data/swap
[root@devops oracle]# vim /etc/rc.local
swapon -a
[root@devops oracle]# echo 10 > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
[root@devops oracle]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.swappiness = 10
[root@devops oracle]# sysctl -p
[root@devops oracle]# vim /etc/fstab
/data/swap           swap                 swap       defaults      0 0
[root@devops oracle]# free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:          32013         328       16740           0       14944       31274
Swap:          8191           0        8191

7、配置 oracle 用户环境变量

[root@devops oracle]# su - oracle
[oracle@devops ~]$ vim .bash_profile
umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/11.2.0.4.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export ORACLE_SID=finance
export DISPLAY=10.1.18.245:1.0
[oracle@devops ~]$ source .bash_profile
[oracle@devops ~]$ exit

8、安装 oracle

[root@devops oracle]# cp /tmp/database/response/dbca.rsp /home/oracle/
[root@devops oracle]# cp /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp /home/oracle/
[root@devops oracle]# cp /tmp/database/response/netca.rsp /home/oracle/
[root@devops oracle]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/*.rsp

// 修改 db_install.rsp 的参数，以实现静默安装
[root@devops oracle]# vim /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=devops
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/data/oracle/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=finance
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=finance
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=ZHS16GBK
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true


[root@devops oracle]# su - oracle
[oracle@devops ~]$ cd /tmp/database/
// 开始静默安装 oracle
[oracle@devops database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
[oracle@devops database]$ exit
[root@devops tmp]#  sh  /data/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
[root@devops tmp]#  sh /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

9、安装监听

[root@devops tmp]#  su - oracle
[oracle@devops ~]$ netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/netca.rsp

10、静默模式创建实例

[oracle@devops ~]$ vim dbca.rsp
[root@devops ~]# egrep -v "^$|^#" /home/oracle/dbca.rsp 
[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "finance"
SID = "finance"
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
SYSPASSWORD = "oracle" 
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"
DATAFILEDESTINATION = /data/oracle/oradata
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/data/oracle/flash_recovery_area
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"
TOTALMEMORY = "13107"
[createTemplateFromDB]
SOURCEDB = "myhost:1521:finance"
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "system"
TEMPLATENAME = "My Copy TEMPLATE"
[createCloneTemplate]
SOURCEDB = "finance"
TEMPLATENAME = "My Clone TEMPLATE"
[DELETEDATABASE]
SOURCEDB = "finance"
[generateScripts]
TEMPLATENAME = "New Database"
GDBNAME = "finance"
[CONFIGUREDATABASE]
[ADDINSTANCE]
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "finance"
NODELIST=
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
[DELETEINSTANCE]
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "finance"
INSTANCENAME = "finance"
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
[oracle@devops ~]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp

11、至此，Oracle 安装成功

[oracle@devops ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
sys@FINANCE> select * from v$Version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.4.0  Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production

5 rows selected.