为什么常常会被问到“手写XXXX”;其实就能验证出,除了日常使用插件🖋,是否明白其中原理...
这里记录一下手写的各种情况🧐
手写ajax
基于XMLHttpRequest的封装,通用的请求方法
function ajax(url, method){
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
const request = new XMLHttpRequest();
request.open(method, url);
request.onreadystatechange = () => {
if (request.status === 200 &&request.readyState === 4) {
resolve(request.response)
// success
} else {
reject(request)
// faild
}
}
request.send()
})
}
手写new方法
function _new(fn, ...arg) {
var obj = Object.create(fn.prototype);
const result = fn.apply(obj, arg);
console.log(result)
return Object.prototype.toString.call(result) == '[object Object]' ? result : obj;
}
// 构造函数
function Person (name){
this.name = name;
}
// 生成实例
const p1 = _new(Person, 'lilli')
// p1 : {name: 'lili'}
手写深拷贝
function _deepclone(object) {
// 判断传入的参数是数组还是对象
if (!(object instanceof Array) && !(object instanceof Object)) {
return object;
}
let target = object instanceof Array ? []: {}
for (const [k ,v] of Object.entries(object)) {
target[k] = typeof v == 'object' ? _deepclone(v) : v
}
return target
}
手写数组去重
// 1th
function unique (arr) {
return arr.filter((item, idx, self) => self.indexOf(item) === idx);
}
// 2th
function unique(arr) {
return arr.reduce((a, b) => {
return a.includes(b) ? a : a.concat(b)
}, [])
}
// 3th
利用对象的属性不能相同的特点进行去重
const testArr = [{name: 'mary', value: 1},{name: 'mary', value: 1},{name: 'jonh', value: 2}]
const obj = {};
const res = [];
testArr.forEach((item) => {
if (!obj[item.name]) {
res.push(item);
obj[item.name] = item.value;
}
})
console.log(res)
//结果
[ {
name: "mary",
value: 1
}, {
name: "jonh",
value: 2
}]
手写数组扁平化
function _flatArr (testArr) {
let res = [];
for(let i=0; i< testArr.length; i+=1) {
if (Object.prototype.toString.call((testArr[i])).slice(8, -1) === 'Array'){
res = _flatArr (testArr[i]).concat(res);
} else {
res.push(testArr[i])
}
}
return res;
}
手写instanceof
/**
L:左边(参数)
R:右边(预判类型)
**/
function instance_of(L, R) {
if (['string','number','undefined','boolean','symbol'].includes(typeof(L))) {
return false;
}
if (L === null) return false;
let R_prototype = R.prototype;
L = L.__proto__;
while(true) {
if (L === R_prototype) {
return true;
}
if (L === null) {
return false;
}
L = L.__proto__;
}
}
手写防抖
场景:窗口改变大小触发方法
function debounce (fn, delay) {
console.log('debounce')
let timer = null;
return function (){
if (timer) {
window.clearTimeout(timer)
}
timer = window.setTimeout(() =>{
fn.apply(this, arguments);
timer = null;
}, delay)
}
}
function fnfasly () {
console.log('resize----', (new Date()).valueOf())
}
const realfn = debounce(fnfasly, 1000)
function listenResize () {
window.addEventListener('resize', () => {
realfn()
})
}
listenResize();
手写节流
场景:窗口改变大小触发方法
function throttle(fn, delay) {
let canuse = true;
return function (){
if (!canuse) return;
canuse = false;
fn.apply(this, arguments);
setTimeout(() => {
canuse = true;
}, delay)
}
}
let realfn = throttle(() => {console.log('throttle-resize', +new Date())}, 1000)
function listenResize () {
window.addEventListener('resize', () => {
realfn()
})
}
listenResize()
手写原型继承
function Animal(color) {
this.color = color
}
Animal.prototype.move = function() {}
// 动物可以动
function Dog(color, name) {
Animal.call(this, color)
// 或者 Animal.apply(this, arguments)
this.name = name
}
// 下面三行实现 Dog.prototype.__proto__ = Animal.prototype
function temp() {}
temp.prototype = Animal.prototype
Dog.prototype = new temp()
Dog.prototype.constuctor = Dog
// 这行看不懂就算了,面试官也不问
Dog.prototype.say = function() {
console.log('汪')
}
var dog = new Dog('黄色','阿黄')
🐕
手写排序算法
之前的文章里有写过:
用reduce手写一个map
分析:
map接收两个参数:
- 回调方法,该方法的入参包括(item,index,self)
- 执行回调时候的this(如果回调是箭头函数,第二个参数就是外层代码块的this或者global)
map返回内容:
数组的每项,经过回调函数处理之后,的返回值组成的数组
Array.prototype.nMap = function (callbackFn, thisArg) {
const result = [];
this.reduce((prev, current, index, array) => {
result[index] = callbackFn.call(thisArg, array[index], index, array);
}, 0)
return result;
}
使定时器没有回调
定时器没有回调,意思就是不需要处理任务,只需要等“一秒”,类似于sleep
分析:定时器是异步的,因此可以使用promise来构建
let delay = (time) => new Promise((resolve) => { setTimeout(resolve, time) })
console.log(111)
await delay(1000)
// 一秒后打印222
console.log(222)
😶简书为啥没有锚点导航?
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