SASL/SCRAM+ACL实现动态创建用户及权限控制

  研究了一段时间Kafka的权限控制. 之前一直看SASL_PLAINTEXT, 结果发现这玩意不能动态创建用户. 今天没死心与查了查,发现这个人也问了这个问题
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/54147460/kafka-adding-sasl-users-dynamically-without-cluster-restart
于是研究了下SCRAM. 写了这边完整的文档

本篇文档中使用的是自己部署的zookeeper, zookeeper无需做任何特殊配置

使用SASL / SCRAM进行身份验证

请先在不配置任何身份验证的情况下启动Kafka

1. 创建SCRAM Credentials

Kafka中的SCRAM实现使用Zookeeper作为凭证(credential)存储。 可以使用kafka-configs.sh在Zookeeper中创建凭据。 对于启用的每个SCRAM机制，必须通过添加具有机制名称的配置来创建凭证。 必须在启动Kafka broker之前创建代理间通信的凭据。 可以动态创建和更新客户端凭证，并使用更新的凭证来验证新连接。

创建broker建通信用户(或称超级用户)

bin/kafka-configs.sh --zookeeper 192.168.2.229:2182 --alter --add-config 'SCRAM-SHA-256=[password=admin-secret],SCRAM-SHA-512=[password=admin-secret]' --entity-type users --entity-name admin

创建客户端用户fanboshi

bin/kafka-configs.sh --zookeeper 192.168.2.229:2182 --alter --add-config 'SCRAM-SHA-256=[iterations=8192,password=fanboshi],SCRAM-SHA-512=[password=fanboshi]' --entity-type users --entity-name fanboshi

查看SCRAM证书

[root@node002229 kafka]# bin/kafka-configs.sh --zookeeper localhost:2182 --describe --entity-type users --entity-name fanboshi
Configs for user-principal 'fanboshi' are SCRAM-SHA-512=salt=MWwwdWJqcjBncmUwdzY1Mzdoa2NwNXppd3A=,stored_key=mGCJy5k3LrE2gs6Dp4ALRhgy37l1WYPUIdoOncCF+B3Ti3wL2sQNmzg8oEz3tUs9DFsclFCygjbysb0S0BU9bA==,server_key=iTyX0U0Jt02dkddUm6QrVwNf3lJk72dBNs9EDHTqe8kLlNGIp9ypzRkcgkc+WVMd1bkAF3cg8vk9Q1LrJ/2i/A==,iterations=4096,SCRAM-SHA-256=salt=ZDg5MHVlYW40dW9jbXJ6MndvZDVlazd3ag==,stored_key=cgX1ldpXnDL1+TlLHJ3IHn7tAQS/7pQ7BVZUtECpQ3A=,server_key=i7Mcnb5sPUqfIFs6qKWWHZ2ortoKiRc7oabHOV5dawI=,iterations=8192

删除SCRAM证书

这里只演示,不操作

[root@node002229 kafka]# bin/kafka-configs.sh --zookeeper localhost:2182 --alter  --delete-config 'SCRAM-SHA-512' --entity-type users --entity-name fanboshi

2. 配置Kafka Brokers

1. 在每个Kafka broker的config目录中添加一个类似下面的JAAS文件，我们称之为kafka_server_jaas.conf：

[root@node002229 config]# cat kafka_server_jaas.conf
KafkaServer {
  org.apache.kafka.common.security.scram.ScramLoginModule required
  username="admin"
  password="admin-secret";
};

注意不要少写了分号

2. 将JAAS配置文件位置作为JVM参数传递给每个Kafka broker：
   修改 /usr/local/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh
   将exec $base_dir/kafka-run-class.sh $EXTRA_ARGS kafka.Kafka "$@" 注释, 增加下面的内容

#exec $base_dir/kafka-run-class.sh $EXTRA_ARGS kafka.Kafka "$@"
exec $base_dir/kafka-run-class.sh $EXTRA_ARGS -Djava.security.auth.login.config=$base_dir/../config/kafka_server_jaas.conf kafka.Kafka "$@"

或者不修改kafka-server-start.sh脚本, 而是将下面的内容添加到~/.bashrc

export KAFKA_PLAIN_PARAMS="-Djava.security.auth.login.config=/usr/local/kafka/config/kafka_server_jaas.conf"
export KAFKA_OPTS="$KAFKA_PLAIN_PARAMS $KAFKA_OPTS"

3. 如此处所述，在server.properties中配置SASL端口和SASL机制。 例如：

# 认证配置
listeners=SASL_PLAINTEXT://node002229:9092
security.inter.broker.protocol=SASL_PLAINTEXT
sasl.mechanism.inter.broker.protocol=SCRAM-SHA-256
sasl.enabled.mechanisms=SCRAM-SHA-256

# ACL配置
allow.everyone.if.no.acl.found=false
super.users=User:admin
authorizer.class.name=kafka.security.auth.SimpleAclAuthorizer

再官方文档中写的是

listeners=SASL_SSL://host.name:port
security.inter.broker.protocol=SASL_SSL

这里其实没必要写成SASL_SSL , 我们可以根据自己的需求选择SSL或PLAINTEXT, 我这里选择PLAINTEXT不加密明文传输, 省事, 性能也相对好一些

4. 重启ZK/Kafka
   重启ZK / Kafka服务. 所有broker在连接之前都会引用'kafka_server_jaas.conf'.
   Zookeeper所有节点

[root@node002229 zookeeper]# zkServer.sh stop /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg  
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo1.cfg
Stopping zookeeper ... STOPPED

[root@node002229 zookeeper]# zkServer.sh start /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg  
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo1.cfg

Kafka所有Broker

cd /usr/local/kafka/;bin/kafka-server-stop.sh
cd /usr/local/kafka/;bin/kafka-server-start.sh -daemon config/server.properties

客户端配置

先使用kafka-console-producer 和 kafka-console-consumer 测试一下

kafka-console-producer

1. 创建 config/client-sasl.properties 文件

[root@node002229 kafka]# vim config/client-sasl.properties
security.protocol=SASL_PLAINTEXT
sasl.mechanism=SCRAM-SHA-256

2. 创建config/kafka_client_jaas_admin.conf文件

[root@node002229 kafka]# vim config/kafka_client_jaas_admin.conf 
KafkaClient {
  org.apache.kafka.common.security.scram.ScramLoginModule required
  username="admin"
  password="admin-secret";
};

3. 修改kafka-console-producer.sh脚本
   这里我复制一份,再改

cp bin/kafka-console-producer.sh bin/kafka-console-producer-admin.sh
vim bin/kafka-console-producer-admin.sh
#exec $(dirname $0)/kafka-run-class.sh kafka.tools.ConsoleProducer "$@"
exec $(dirname $0)/kafka-run-class.sh -Djava.security.auth.login.config=$(dirname $0)/../config/kafka_client_jaas_admin.conf kafka.tools.ConsoleProducer "$@"

4. 创建测试topic

bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2182 --partitions 1 --replication-factor 1 --topic test

5. 测试生产消息

bin/kafka-console-producer-admin.sh --broker-list 192.168.2.229:9092 --topic test --producer.config config/client-sasl.properties
>1
>

可以看到admin用户无需配置ACL就可以生成消息

6. 测试fanboshi用户
   如法炮制, 我们创建一个bin/kafka-console-producer-fanboshi.sh文件, 只是修改其中的kafka_client_jaas_admin.conf 为 kafka_client_jaas_fanboshi.conf

vim config/kafka_client_jaas_fanboshi.conf 
KafkaClient {
  org.apache.kafka.common.security.scram.ScramLoginModule required
  username="fanboshi"
  password="fanboshi";
};

cp bin/kafka-console-producer-admin.sh bin/kafka-console-producer-fanboshi.sh
vi bin/kafka-console-producer-fanboshi.sh
exec $(dirname $0)/kafka-run-class.sh -Djava.security.auth.login.config=$(dirname $0)/../config/kafka_client_jaas_fanboshi.conf kafka.tools.ConsoleProducer "$@"

生产消息

[root@node002229 kafka]# bin/kafka-console-producer-fanboshi.sh --broker-list 192.168.2.229:9092 --topic test --producer.config config/client-sasl.properties
>1
[2019-01-26 18:07:50,099] WARN [Producer clientId=console-producer] Error while fetching metadata with correlation id 1 : {test=TOPIC_AUTHORIZATION_FAILED} (org.apache.kafka.clients.NetworkClient)
[2019-01-26 18:07:50,100] ERROR Error when sending message to topic test with key: null, value: 1 bytes with error: (org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.internals.ErrorLoggingCallback)
org.apache.kafka.common.errors.TopicAuthorizationException: Not authorized to access topics: [test]

可以看到报错了, 因为fanboshi用户还没有权限

kafka-console-consumer

1. 创建 config/consumer-fanboshi.properties 文件

[root@node002229 kafka]# vim config/consumer-fanboshi.properties
security.protocol=SASL_PLAINTEXT
sasl.mechanism=SCRAM-SHA-256
group.id=fanboshi-group

2. 创建 bin/kafka-console-consumer-fanboshi.sh 文件

cp bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh bin/kafka-console-consumer-fanboshi.sh
vim bin/kafka-console-consumer-fanboshi.sh
#exec $(dirname $0)/kafka-run-class.sh kafka.tools.ConsoleConsumer "$@"
exec $(dirname $0)/kafka-run-class.sh -Djava.security.auth.login.config=$(dirname $0)/../config/kafka_client_jaas_fanboshi.conf kafka.tools.ConsoleConsumer "$@"

3. 测试消费者

bin/kafka-console-consumer-fanboshi.sh --bootstrap-server 192.168.2.229:9092 --topic test --consumer.config config/consumer-fanboshi.properties --from-beginning

其实也会报错的, 报错内容就不贴了

ACL配置

授予fanboshi用户对test topic 写权限, 只允许 192.168.2.* 网段

bin/kafka-acls.sh --authorizer kafka.security.auth.SimpleAclAuthorizer --authorizer-properties zookeeper.connect=localhost:2182 --add --allow-principal User:fanboshi --operation Write --topic test --allow-host 192.168.2.*

授予fanboshi用户对test topic 读权限, 只允许 192.168.2.* 网段

bin/kafka-acls.sh --authorizer kafka.security.auth.SimpleAclAuthorizer --authorizer-properties zookeeper.connect=localhost:2182 --add --allow-principal User:fanboshi --operation Read --topic test --allow-host 192.168.2.*

授予fanboshi用户, fanboshi-group 消费者组 对test topic 读权限, 只允许 192.168.2.* 网段

bin/kafka-acls.sh --authorizer kafka.security.auth.SimpleAclAuthorizer --authorizer-properties zookeeper.connect=localhost:2182 --add --allow-principal User:fanboshi --operation Read --group fanboshi-group --allow-host 192.168.2.*

查看acl配置

[root@node002229 kafka]# bin/kafka-acls.sh --authorizer kafka.security.auth.SimpleAclAuthorizer --authorizer-properties zookeeper.connect=localhost:2182 --list
Current ACLs for resource `Group:LITERAL:fanboshi-group`: 
        User:fanboshi has Allow permission for operations: Read from hosts: * 

Current ACLs for resource `Topic:LITERAL:test`: 
        User:fanboshi has Allow permission for operations: Write from hosts: *
        User:fanboshi has Allow permission for operations: Read from hosts: * 

删除配置

bin/kafka-acls.sh --authorizer kafka.security.auth.SimpleAclAuthorizer --authorizer-properties zookeeper.connect=localhost:2182 --remove --allow-principal User:bob --operation Read --topic example10 --allow-host 192.168.1.158

再次测试

生产者

[root@node002229 kafka]# bin/kafka-console-producer-fanboshi.sh --broker-list 192.168.2.229:9092 --topic test --producer.config config/client-sasl.properties
>1
[2019-01-26 18:07:50,099] WARN [Producer clientId=console-producer] Error while fetching metadata with correlation id 1 : {test=TOPIC_AUTHORIZATION_FAILED} (org.apache.kafka.clients.NetworkClient)
[2019-01-26 18:07:50,100] ERROR Error when sending message to topic test with key: null, value: 1 bytes with error: (org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.internals.ErrorLoggingCallback)
org.apache.kafka.common.errors.TopicAuthorizationException: Not authorized to access topics: [test]
>1

消费者

[root@node002229 kafka]# bin/kafka-console-consumer-fanboshi.sh --bootstrap-server 192.168.2.229:9092 --topic test --consumer.config config/consumer-fanboshi.properties --from-beginning
1
1

都没问题了

如何查看我们创建了哪些"用户"

好像只能去zookeeper看?

zkCli.sh -server node002229:2182
ls /config/users
[admin, alice, fanboshi]

尝试删除alice

[root@node002229 kafka]# bin/kafka-configs.sh --zookeeper localhost:2182 --describe --entity-type users --entity-name alice
Configs for user-principal 'alice' are SCRAM-SHA-512=salt=MWt1OHRhZnd3cWZvZ2I4bXcwdTM0czIyaTQ=,stored_key=JYeud1Cx5Z2+FaJgJsZGbMcIi63B9XtA9Wyc+KEm2gXK8+2IxxAVvi1CfSjlkqeupfeIMFJ7/EUkOw+zqvYz6w==,server_key=O4NIgjleroia7puK01/ZZoagFeoxh+zHzckGXXooBsWTdx/7Shb0pMHniMu4IY2jb5orWB2t9K8MZkxCliJDsg==,iterations=4096,SCRAM-SHA-256=salt=MTJ3bXRod3EyN3FtZWdsNHk0NXoyeWdlNjE=,stored_key=chQX35reoBYtfg/U5HBtkzvBAk+gSCgskNzUiScOrUE=,server_key=rRTbUzAehwVMUDTMuoOMumGEuvc7wDecKcqK6yYlbWY=,iterations=8192
[root@node002229 kafka]# bin/kafka-configs.sh --zookeeper localhost:2182 --alter --delete-config 'SCRAM-SHA-512' --entity-type users --entity-name alice
Completed Updating config for entity: user-principal 'alice'.
[root@node002229 kafka]# bin/kafka-configs.sh --zookeeper localhost:2182 --describe --entity-type users --entity-name alice                              
Configs for user-principal 'alice' are SCRAM-SHA-256=salt=MTJ3bXRod3EyN3FtZWdsNHk0NXoyeWdlNjE=,stored_key=chQX35reoBYtfg/U5HBtkzvBAk+gSCgskNzUiScOrUE=,server_key=rRTbUzAehwVMUDTMuoOMumGEuvc7wDecKcqK6yYlbWY=,iterations=8192
[root@node002229 kafka]# bin/kafka-configs.sh --zookeeper localhost:2182 --alter --delete-config 'SCRAM-SHA-256' --entity-type users --entity-name alice   
Completed Updating config for entity: user-principal 'alice'.
[root@node002229 kafka]# bin/kafka-configs.sh --zookeeper localhost:2182 --describe --entity-type users --entity-name alice                              
Configs for user-principal 'alice' are 

去ZK查看

[zk: node002229:2182(CONNECTED) 0] ls /config/users
[admin, alice, fanboshi]

还是有, 难道只能在ZK手动删除?

参考文献

http://kafka.apache.org/documentation/#security_sasl_scram
https://sharebigdata.wordpress.com/category/kafka/kafka-sasl-scram-with-w-o-ssl/
https://developer.ibm.com/opentech/2017/05/31/kafka-acls-in-practice/
https://developer.ibm.com/tutorials/kafka-authn-authz/
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