from lxml import etree
text = '''
<li class="con_list_item default_list" data-index="1" data-positionid="4383913" data-salary="20k-25k" data-company="人人行(借贷宝)" data-positionname="Java工程师" data-companyid="61921" data-hrid="7134052" data-adword="0">
<div class="list_item_top">
<div class="position">
<div class="p_top">
<a class="position_link" href="https://www.lagou.com/jobs/4383913.html" target="_blank" data-index="1" data-lg-tj-id="8E00" data-lg-tj-no="
0102
" data-lg-tj-cid="4383913" data-lg-tj-abt="dm-csearch-useUserAllInterest|0">
<h3 style="max-width: 180px;">Java工程师</h3>
<span class="add">[<em>北京·朝阳区</em>]</span>
</a>
<span class="format-time">2天前发布</span>
</div>
<div class="p_bot">
<div class="li_b_l">
<span class="money">20k-25k</span>
<!--<i></i>-->经验3-5年 / 不限
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="company">
<div class="company_name">
<a href="https://www.lagou.com/gongsi/61921.html" target="_blank" data-lg-tj-id="8F00" data-lg-tj-no="
0102
" data-lg-tj-cid="61921" data-lg-tj-abt="dm-csearch-useUserAllInterest|0">人人行(借贷宝)</a><i class="company_mark"><span>该企业已上传营业执照并通过资质验证审核</span></i>
</div>
<div class="industry">
移动互联网,金融 / C轮
</div>
</div>
<div class="com_logo">
<a href="https://www.lagou.com/gongsi/61921.html" target="_blank" data-lg-tj-id="8G00" data-lg-tj-no="
0102
" data-lg-tj-cid="61921" data-lg-tj-abt="dm-csearch-useUserAllInterest|0"><img src="//www.lgstatic.com/thumbnail_120x120/i/image/M00/04/01/CgqKkVbFXXqAPo0fAAATqvTo2-I592.png" alt="人人行(借贷宝)" width="60" height="60"></a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="list_item_bot">
<div class="li_b_l">
<span>年底双薪</span>
<span>节日礼物</span>
<span>绩效奖金</span>
<span>岗位晋升</span>
</div>
<div class="li_b_r">“弹性工作,高并发系统,团队大牛多,工作氛”</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="con_list_item default_list" data-index="2" data-positionid="4477797" data-salary="15k-25k" data-company="拉勾网" data-positionname="java开发工程师" data-companyid="147" data-hrid="2848224" data-adword="0">
<div class="list_item_top">
<div class="position">
<div class="p_top">
<a class="position_link" href="https://www.lagou.com/jobs/4477797.html" target="_blank" data-index="2" data-lg-tj-id="8E00" data-lg-tj-no="
0103
" data-lg-tj-cid="4477797" data-lg-tj-abt="dm-csearch-useUserAllInterest|0">
<h3 style="max-width: 180px;">java开发工程师</h3>
<span class="add">[<em>北京·海淀区</em>]</span>
</a>
<span class="format-time">3天前发布</span>
</div>
<div class="p_bot">
<div class="li_b_l">
<span class="money">15k-25k</span>
<!--<i></i>-->经验3-5年 / 本科
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="company">
<div class="company_name">
<a href="https://www.lagou.com/gongsi/147.html" target="_blank" data-lg-tj-id="8F00" data-lg-tj-no="
0103
" data-lg-tj-cid="147" data-lg-tj-abt="dm-csearch-useUserAllInterest|0">拉勾网</a><i class="company_mark"><span>该企业已上传营业执照并通过资质验证审核</span></i>
</div>
<div class="industry">
企业服务,招聘 / D轮及以上
</div>
</div>
<div class="com_logo">
<a href="https://www.lagou.com/gongsi/147.html" target="_blank" data-lg-tj-id="8G00" data-lg-tj-no="
0103
" data-lg-tj-cid="147" data-lg-tj-abt="dm-csearch-useUserAllInterest|0"><img src="//www.lgstatic.com/thumbnail_120x120/i/image/M00/76/40/Cgp3O1g1TNOAB2yxAAA9bQUyc4g814.png" alt="拉勾网" width="60" height="60"></a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="list_item_bot">
<div class="li_b_l">
<span>分布式</span>
<span>架构</span>
</div>
<div class="li_b_r">“技术挑战,成长空间”</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="con_list_item default_list" data-index="3" data-positionid="3155873" data-salary="4k-8k" data-company="小肚皮App" data-positionname="实习JAVA/PHP开发" data-companyid="41030" data-hrid="795835" data-adword="0">
<div class="list_item_top">
<div class="position">
<div class="p_top">
<a class="position_link" href="https://www.lagou.com/jobs/3155873.html" target="_blank" data-index="3" data-lg-tj-id="8E00" data-lg-tj-no="
0104
" data-lg-tj-cid="3155873" data-lg-tj-abt="dm-csearch-useUserAllInterest|0">
<h3 style="max-width: 180px;">实习JAVA/PHP开发</h3>
<span class="add">[<em>北京·大望路</em>]</span>
</a>
<span class="format-time">10:13发布</span>
</div>
<div class="p_bot">
<div class="li_b_l">
<span class="money">4k-8k</span>
<!--<i></i>-->经验应届毕业生 / 本科
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="company">
<div class="company_name">
<a href="https://www.lagou.com/gongsi/41030.html" target="_blank" data-lg-tj-id="8F00" data-lg-tj-no="
0104
" data-lg-tj-cid="41030" data-lg-tj-abt="dm-csearch-useUserAllInterest|0">小肚皮App</a><i class="company_mark"><span>该企业已上传营业执照并通过资质验证审核</span></i>
</div>
<div class="industry">
移动互联网 / A轮
</div>
</div>
<div class="com_logo">
<a href="https://www.lagou.com/gongsi/41030.html" target="_blank" data-lg-tj-id="8G00" data-lg-tj-no="
0104
" data-lg-tj-cid="41030" data-lg-tj-abt="dm-csearch-useUserAllInterest|0"><img src="//www.lgstatic.com/thumbnail_120x120/i/image/M00/65/83/CgpFT1mlFSWAJrrnAACWcSWNiu8425.png" alt="小肚皮App" width="60" height="60"></a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="list_item_bot">
<div class="li_b_l">
<span>游戏</span>
<span>后端开发</span>
</div>
<div class="li_b_r">“转正机会,逗逼氛围,美女如云,餐补”</div>
</div>
</li>
'''
公用代码
htmlElement = etree.HTML(text)
1.获得所有li标签
#//li表示从根节点开始所有li标签
lis = htmlElement.xpath("//li")
for li in lis:
print(etree.tostring(li,encoding="utf-8").decode("utf-8"))
2.获得第2个li标签
#[]里面为谓语，即限制条件，如[2]表示第二个
li= htmlElement.xpath("//li[2]")[0]
print(etree.tostring(li,encoding="utf-8").decode("utf-8"))
3.获得第2个以后的li标签
#[]里面为谓语，即限制条件，如[position()>2]表示查找第二个以后的li，position（）还可以跟<,<=,>,>=
lis= htmlElement.xpath("//li[position()>2]")
for li in lis:
print(etree.tostring(li,encoding="utf-8").decode("utf-8"))
4.获得所有class = industry的标签div元素
#[]里面为谓语，即限制条件，@后跟属性，即满足属性等于多少的标签，
divs = htmlElement.xpath("//div[@class = 'industry']")
for div in divs:
print(etree.tostring(div,encoding="utf-8").decode("utf-8"))
5.获得所有class中含有_list的元素li标签
#[]里面为谓语，即限制条件，@后跟属性，contains（）模糊匹配，只要属性含有这个字符串就可以匹配到
lis = htmlElement.xpath("//li[contains(@class,'_list')]")
for li in lis:
print(etree.tostring(li,encoding="utf-8").decode("utf-8"))
6.获得a标签的href属性的文本
#获得标签属性值//a/@href
alist = htmlElement.xpath("//a/@href")#不能使用//a[@href]这样找的是含有href属性的a标签不是href的值
for a in alist:
print(a)
7.获得 class为industry 或者li_b_r的div
#还可以为 and
divs = htmlElement.xpath("//div[@class = 'industry' or @class = 'li_b_r']")
for div in divs:
print(etree.tostring(div,encoding="utf-8").decode("utf-8"))
8.获得所有文本信息
#查找一个元素下的所有的元素一定在斜杠前加上点，即.//，否则会自动去根节点下查找所有元素
#使用/text()可以返回标签的值
lis = htmlElement.xpath("//li")
for li in lis:
position = li.xpath(".//h3/text()")[0]
salary = li.xpath(".//span[@class = 'money']/text()")[0]
address = li.xpath(".//span[@class = 'add']/em/text()")[0]
advantages = li.xpath(".//div[@class ='list_item_bot']/div[@class='li_b_l']/span/text()")
temp = {
"positon":position,
"salary":salary,
"address":address,
"advantage":advantages
}
print(temp)
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