不管是spring Test还是Spring mvc最终都会调用到refresh()方法，下面我们重点看下refresh做了些什么
Spring test是在AbstractGenericContextLoader这个类中调用refresh()方法，并且会在refresh()方法之前装载bean信息loadBeanDefinitions(context, mergedConfig);
@Override
public final ConfigurableApplicationContext loadContext(MergedContextConfiguration mergedConfig) throws Exception {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug(String.format("Loading ApplicationContext for merged context configuration [%s].",
mergedConfig));
}
validateMergedContextConfiguration(mergedConfig);
GenericApplicationContext context = new GenericApplicationContext();
ApplicationContext parent = mergedConfig.getParentApplicationContext();
if (parent != null) {
context.setParent(parent);
}
prepareContext(context);
prepareContext(context, mergedConfig);
customizeBeanFactory(context.getDefaultListableBeanFactory());
loadBeanDefinitions(context, mergedConfig);
AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(context);
customizeContext(context);
context.refresh();
context.registerShutdownHook();
return context;
}
Spring mvc在servelet装载是会调用init()方法，自然会调DispatcherServlet的init方法，最终会调用父类的org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean的init()方法
@Override
public final void init() throws ServletException {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Initializing servlet '" + getServletName() + "'");
}
// Set bean properties from init parameters.
try {
PropertyValues pvs = new ServletConfigPropertyValues(getServletConfig(), this.requiredProperties);
BeanWrapper bw = PropertyAccessorFactory.forBeanPropertyAccess(this);
ResourceLoader resourceLoader = new ServletContextResourceLoader(getServletContext());
bw.registerCustomEditor(Resource.class, new ResourceEditor(resourceLoader, getEnvironment()));
initBeanWrapper(bw);
bw.setPropertyValues(pvs, true);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
logger.error("Failed to set bean properties on servlet '" + getServletName() + "'", ex);
throw ex;
}
// Let subclasses do whatever initialization they like.
initServletBean();
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Servlet '" + getServletName() + "' configured successfully");
}
}
真正加载bean的方法是initServletBean()跟进去会发现这个方法是在类FrameworkServlet中实现
@Override
protected final void initServletBean() throws ServletException {
getServletContext().log("Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet '" + getServletName() + "'");
if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
this.logger.info("FrameworkServlet '" + getServletName() + "': initialization started");
}
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
this.webApplicationContext = initWebApplicationContext();
initFrameworkServlet();
}
catch (ServletException ex) {
this.logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
throw ex;
}
catch (RuntimeException ex) {
this.logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
throw ex;
}
if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
this.logger.info("FrameworkServlet '" + getServletName() + "': initialization completed in " +
elapsedTime + " ms");
}
}
内部是通过调用initWebApplicationContext()来初始化一个WebApplicationContext
protected WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext() {
WebApplicationContext wac = findWebApplicationContext();
if (wac == null) {
// No fixed context defined for this servlet - create a local one.
WebApplicationContext parent =
WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(getServletContext());
wac = createWebApplicationContext(parent);
}
if (!this.refreshEventReceived) {
// Apparently not a ConfigurableApplicationContext with refresh support:
// triggering initial onRefresh manually here.
onRefresh(wac);
}
if (this.publishContext) {
// Publish the context as a servlet context attribute.
String attrName = getServletContextAttributeName();
getServletContext().setAttribute(attrName, wac);
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Published WebApplicationContext of servlet '" + getServletName() +
"' as ServletContext attribute with name [" + attrName + "]");
}
}
return wac;
}
因为刚开始wac为空，主要看createWebApplicationContext这个方法
protected WebApplicationContext createWebApplicationContext(ApplicationContext parent) {
Class<?> contextClass = getContextClass();
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
this.logger.debug("Servlet with name '" + getServletName() +
"' will try to create custom WebApplicationContext context of class '" +
contextClass.getName() + "'" + ", using parent context [" + parent + "]");
}
if (!ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.isAssignableFrom(contextClass)) {
throw new ApplicationContextException(
"Fatal initialization error in servlet with name '" + getServletName() +
"': custom WebApplicationContext class [" + contextClass.getName() +
"] is not of type ConfigurableWebApplicationContext");
}
ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac =
(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(contextClass);
// Assign the best possible id value.
ServletContext sc = getServletContext();
if (sc.getMajorVersion() == 2 && sc.getMinorVersion() < 5) {
// Servlet <= 2.4: resort to name specified in web.xml, if any.
String servletContextName = sc.getServletContextName();
if (servletContextName != null) {
wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX + servletContextName +
"." + getServletName());
}
else {
wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX + getServletName());
}
}
else {
// Servlet 2.5's getContextPath available!
wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX + sc.getContextPath() +
"/" + getServletName());
}
wac.setParent(parent);
wac.setServletContext(getServletContext());
wac.setServletConfig(getServletConfig());
wac.setNamespace(getNamespace());
wac.setConfigLocation(getContextConfigLocation());
wac.addApplicationListener(new SourceFilteringListener(wac, new ContextRefreshListener()));
postProcessWebApplicationContext(wac);
wac.refresh();
return wac;
}
这个方法前面会设置一些相关参数，例如，设置web容器，容器配置信息，然后会调用一个refresh()方法。refresh()方法如下：
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
prepareRefresh();
// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Initialize message source for this context.
initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them.
registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event.
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();
// Reset 'active' flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
}
}
obtainFreshBeanFactory()方法的描述：
protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
refreshBeanFactory();
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Bean factory for " + getDisplayName() + ": " + beanFactory);
}
return beanFactory;
}
这里refreshBeanFactory()方法有两个实现GenericApplicationContext中的实现如下：
@Override
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws IllegalStateException {
if (this.refreshed) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"GenericApplicationContext does not support multiple refresh attempts: just call 'refresh' once");
}
this.beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
this.refreshed = true;
}
因为GenericApplicationContext在初始化的时候已经创建好了beanFactory了，所以这refreshBeanFactory()方法没有实质性的操作。另一个实现是在AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext这个类，它是AbstractApplicationContext的子类，不论XmlWebApplicationContext、还是ClassPathXmlApplicationContext都继承了它，因此都能调用到这个一样的初始化方法，来看看body部分的代码
@Override
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
if (hasBeanFactory()) {
destroyBeans();
closeBeanFactory();
}
try {
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
}
}
bean的加载是在loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory)方法中，它由AbstractXmlApplicationContext类中的方法实现，web项目中将会由类：XmlWebApplicationContext来实现，其实差不多，主要是看启动文件是在那里而已，如果在非web类项目中没有自定义的XmlApplicationContext，那么其实功能可以参考XmlWebApplicationContext，可以认为是一样的功能。那么看看loadBeanDefinitions方法如下：
@Override
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
// Create a new XmlBeanDefinitionReader for the given BeanFactory.
XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
// Configure the bean definition reader with this context's
// resource loading environment.
beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));
// Allow a subclass to provide custom initialization of the reader,
// then proceed with actually loading the bean definitions.
initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
}
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources();
if (configResources != null) {
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources);
}
String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
if (configLocations != null) {
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
}
}
XmlBeanDefineitionReader，是读取XML中spring的相关信息（也就是解析SpringContext.xml的），这里通过getConfigLocations()获取到的就是这个或多个文件的路径，会循环，
通过XmlBeanDefineitionReader来解析，跟踪到loadBeanDefinitions方法里面，会发现方法实现体在XmlBeanDefineitionReader的父类：AbstractBeanDefinitionReader中，代码如下：
public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location, Set<Resource> actualResources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
ResourceLoader resourceLoader = getResourceLoader();
if (resourceLoader == null) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Cannot import bean definitions from location [" + location + "]: no ResourceLoader available");
}
if (resourceLoader instanceof ResourcePatternResolver) {
// Resource pattern matching available.
try {
Resource[] resources = ((ResourcePatternResolver) resourceLoader).getResources(location);
int loadCount = loadBeanDefinitions(resources);
if (actualResources != null) {
for (Resource resource : resources) {
actualResources.add(resource);
}
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Loaded " + loadCount + " bean definitions from location pattern [" + location + "]");
}
return loadCount;
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Could not resolve bean definition resource pattern [" + location + "]", ex);
}
}
else {
// Can only load single resources by absolute URL.
Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource(location);
int loadCount = loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
if (actualResources != null) {
actualResources.add(resource);
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Loaded " + loadCount + " bean definitions from location [" + location + "]");
}
return loadCount;
}
}
到目前为止只解析到springContext.xml在哪里，但是还没解析到springContext.xml的内容，可能有多个spring配置文件，这里会出现多个Resource。接下来有很多层调用，会以此调用AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(Resource... resources)调用方法：XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(Resource resource)开始解析XML
public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
Assert.notNull(encodedResource, "EncodedResource must not be null");
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Loading XML bean definitions from " + encodedResource.getResource());
}
Set<EncodedResource> currentResources = this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.get();
if (currentResources == null) {
currentResources = new HashSet<EncodedResource>(4);
this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.set(currentResources);
}
if (!currentResources.add(encodedResource)) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Detected cyclic loading of " + encodedResource + " - check your import definitions!");
}
try {
//从中获取已经封装的Resource对象并再次从Resource中获取其中的InputStream
InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream();
try {
InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
}
return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
}
finally {
inputStream.close();
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"IOException parsing XML document from " + encodedResource.getResource(), ex);
}
finally {
currentResources.remove(encodedResource);
if (currentResources.isEmpty()) {
this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.remove();
}
}
}
数据准备阶段的逻辑：首先对传入的resource参数做封装，目的是考虑到Resource可能存在编码要求的情况，其次，通过SAX读取XML文件的方式来准备InputSource对象，最后将准备的数据通过参数传入真正的核心处理部分doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource,encodedResource.getResource())
protected int doLoadBeanDefinitions(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource)
throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
try {
Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
return registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
throw ex;
}
catch (SAXParseException ex) {
throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"Line " + ex.getLineNumber() + " in XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
}
catch (SAXException ex) {
throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
}
catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"Parser configuration exception parsing XML from " + resource, ex);
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"IOException parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"Unexpected exception parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
}
}
上面的代码主要是根据xml文件的验证模式，加载xml，并得到document，最后根据返回的document注册bean信息。
protected Document doLoadDocument(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource) throws Exception {
return this.documentLoader.loadDocument(inputSource, getEntityResolver(), this.errorHandler,
getValidationModeForResource(resource), isNamespaceAware());
}
这里ValidationModeForResource(resource)方法是获取xml文件的验证模式，比较常用的xml文件的验证模式有两种：DTD和XSD的区别：
DTD(Document Type Definition)即文档类型定义，是一种XML约束模式语言，是XML文件的验证机制，属于XML文件组成的一部分。DTD是一种保证XML文档格式正确的有效方法，可以通过比较XML文档和DTD文件来看文档是否符合规范，元素和标签使用是否正确。一个DTD文档包含：元素的定义规则，元素间关系的定义规则，元素可使用的属性，可使用的实体或符合规则
使用DTD验证模式的时候需要在XML文件的头部声明，以下是在Spring中使用DTD声明方式的代码：
\<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?\>
\<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//Spring//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.Springframework.org/dtd/Spring-beans-2.0.dtd"\>
...
XML Schema语言就是XSD(XML Schemas Definition)。XML Schema描述了XML文档的结构，可以用一个指定的XML Schema来验证某个XML文档，以检查该XML文档是否符合其要求，文档设计者可以通过XML Schema指定一个XML文档所允许的结构和内容，并可据此检查一个XML文档是否是有效的
在使用XML Schema文档对XML实例文档进行检验，除了要声明名称空间外(xmlns=http://www.Springframework.org/schema/beans)，还必须指定该名称空间所对应的XML Schema文档的存储位置，通过schemaLocation属性来指定名称空间所对应的XML Schema文档的存储位置，它包含两个部分，一部分是名称空间的URI，另一部分就该名称空间所标识的XML Schema文件位置或URL地址
\<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?\>
\<beans xmlns="http://www.Springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.Springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.Springframework.org/schema/beans/Spring-beans.xsd"\>
....
\</beans\>
验证模式的读取：
protected int getValidationModeForResource(Resource resource) {
int validationModeToUse = getValidationMode();
//如果手动指定了验证模式则使用指定的验证模式
if (validationModeToUse != VALIDATION_AUTO) {
return validationModeToUse;
}
//使用自动检验模式
int detectedMode = detectValidationMode(resource);
if (detectedMode != VALIDATION_AUTO) {
return detectedMode;
}
// Hmm, we didn't get a clear indication... Let's assume XSD,
// since apparently no DTD declaration has been found up until
// detection stopped (before finding the document's root tag).
return VALIDATION_XSD;
}
自动检测验证模式的功能是在函数detectValidationMode方法中实现的，在detectValidationMode函数中又将自动检测验证模式的工作委托给了专门处理类XmlValidationModeDetector的detectValidationMode方法
public int detectValidationMode(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
// Peek into the file to look for DOCTYPE.
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
try {
boolean isDtdValidated = false;
String content;
while ((content = reader.readLine()) != null) {
content = consumeCommentTokens(content);
if (this.inComment || !StringUtils.hasText(content)) {
continue;
}
if (hasDoctype(content)) {
isDtdValidated = true;
break;
}
if (hasOpeningTag(content)) {
// End of meaningful data...
break;
}
}
return (isDtdValidated ? VALIDATION_DTD : VALIDATION_XSD);
}
catch (CharConversionException ex) {
// Choked on some character encoding...
// Leave the decision up to the caller.
return VALIDATION_AUTO;
}
finally {
reader.close();
}
}
Spring通过判断是否包含DOCTYPE,判断采用哪种验证方式，包含就是DTD，否则就是XSD
获取document
经过了验证模式准备的步骤就可以进行Document加载了，对于文档的读取委托给了DocumentLoader去执行，这里的DocumentLoader是个接口，而真正调用的是DefaultDocumentLoader，解析代码如下
@Override
public Document loadDocument(InputSource inputSource, EntityResolver entityResolver,
ErrorHandler errorHandler, int validationMode, boolean namespaceAware) throws Exception {
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = createDocumentBuilderFactory(validationMode, namespaceAware);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Using JAXP provider [" + factory.getClass().getName() + "]");
}
DocumentBuilder builder = createDocumentBuilder(factory, entityResolver, errorHandler);
return builder.parse(inputSource);
}
首选创建DocumentBuildFactory，再通过DocumentBuilderFactory创建DocumentBuilder，进而解析InputSource来返回Document对象。对于参数entityResolver，传入的是通过getEntityResolver()函数获取的返回值，代码如下
protected EntityResolver getEntityResolver() {
if (this.entityResolver == null) {
// Determine default EntityResolver to use.
ResourceLoader resourceLoader = getResourceLoader();
if (resourceLoader != null) {
this.entityResolver = new ResourceEntityResolver(resourceLoader);
}
else {
this.entityResolver = new DelegatingEntityResolver(getBeanClassLoader());
}
}
return this.entityResolver;
}
EntityResolver用法
如果SAX应用程序需要实现自定义处理外部实体，则必须实现此接口并使用setEntityResolver方法向SAX驱动器注册一个实例。也就是说，对于解析一个XML，SAX首先读取该XML文档上的声明，根据声明去寻找相应的DTD定义，以便对文档进行一个验证，默认的寻找规则，即通过网络(实现上就是声明DTD的URI地址)来下载相应的DTD声明，并进行认证。下载的过程是一个漫长的过程，而且当网络中断或不可用时，这里会报错，就是因为相应的DTD声明没有被找到的原因。
EntityResolver的作用是项目本身就可以提供一个如何寻找DTD声明的方法，即由程序来实现寻找DTD声明的过程，比如将DTD文件放到项目中某处，在实现时直接将此文档读取并返回给SAX即可，entityResolver的接口方法声明：
InputSource resolveEntity(String publicId, String systemId)
这里它接收两个参数publicId，systemId并返回InputSource对象，以特定配置文件来解析
（1）如果在解析验证模式为XSD的配置文件，代码如下：
\<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?\>
\<beans xmlns="http://www.Springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.Springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.Springframework.org/schema/beans/Spring-beans.xsd"\>
....
\</beans\>
读取到两个参数：
- public：null
- systemId：http://www.Springframework.org/schema/beans/Spring-beans.xsd
（2）如果解析验证模式为DTD的配置文件，代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//Spring//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.Springframework.org/dtd/Spring-beans-2.0.dtd">
....
</beans>
读取到以下两个参数
- publicId：-//Spring//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN
- systemId：http://www.Springframework.org/dtd/Spring-beans-2.0.dtd
根据之前Spring中通过getEntityResolver()方法对EntityResolver的获取，我们知道，Spring中使用DelegatingEntityResolver类为EntityResolver的实现类，resolveEntity实现方法如下：
@Override
public InputSource resolveEntity(String publicId, String systemId) throws SAXException, IOException {
if (systemId != null) {
if (systemId.endsWith(DTD_SUFFIX)) {
return this.dtdResolver.resolveEntity(publicId, systemId);
}
else if (systemId.endsWith(XSD_SUFFIX)) {
return this.schemaResolver.resolveEntity(publicId, systemId);
}
}
return null;
}
对不同的验证模式，Spring使用了不同的解析器解析，比如加载DTD类型的BeansDtdResolver的resolveEntity是直接截取systemId最后的xx.dtd然后去当前路径下寻找，而加载XSD类型的PluggableSchemaResolver类的resolveEntity是默认到META-INF/Spring.schemas文件中找到systemId所对应的XSD文件并加载。
解析并注册BeanDefinition
当把文件转换成Document后，接下来就是对bean的提取及注册，当程序已经拥有了XML文档文件的Document实例对象时，就会被引入下面这个方法
public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
//使用DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader实例化BeanDefinitionDocumentReader
BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();
//加载及注册bean
documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
}
BeanDefinitionDocumentReader是一个接口，而实例化的工作是在createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader()中完成的，而通过此方法，BeanDefinitionDocumentReader真正的类型其实已经是DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader了，进入DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader后，发现这个方法的重要目的之一就是提取root，以便于再次将root作为参数继续BeanDefinition的注册
@Override
public void registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, XmlReaderContext readerContext) {
this.readerContext = readerContext;
logger.debug("Loading bean definitions");
Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
doRegisterBeanDefinitions(root);
}
protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
// Any nested <beans> elements will cause recursion in this method. In
// order to propagate and preserve <beans> default-* attributes correctly,
// keep track of the current (parent) delegate, which may be null. Create
// the new (child) delegate with a reference to the parent for fallback purposes,
// then ultimately reset this.delegate back to its original (parent) reference.
// this behavior emulates a stack of delegates without actually necessitating one.
BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);
if (this.delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE);
if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) {
String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(
profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
if (!getReaderContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) {
return;
}
}
}
preProcessXml(root);
parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
postProcessXml(root);
this.delegate = parent;
}
protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
Node node = nl.item(i);
if (node instanceof Element) {
Element ele = (Element) node;
if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
}
else {
delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
}
}
}
}
else {
delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
}
}
在Spring的XML配置里面有两大类Bean声明，一个是默认的，如：
<bean id="test" class="test.TestBean"/>
另一种是自定义的，如：
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lufax.spring"/>
而这两种方式的读取及解析差别是非常大的，如果采用Spring默认的配置，Spring当然知道该怎么做，但如果是自定义的，那么就需要用户实现一些接口及配置了。对于根节点或子节点如果是默认命名空间的话采用parseDefaultElement方法进行解析，否则使用delegate.parseCustomElement方法对自定义命名空间进行解析。而判断是否默认命名空间还是自定义命名空间的办法其实是使用node.getNamespaceURI()获取命名空间，并与Spring中固定的命名空间http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans进行对比，如果一致则认为是默认，否则就认为是自定义
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