用Docker搭建Ansible练习环境

说明

宿主机需要安装Docker和Docker-compose
我们用三台机器
主机名分别为host1、host2和ansible
host1和host2安装python、openssh server
ansible安装openssh server、openssh client、ansible

步骤

按如下目录结构创建文件

.
├── alpine
│   └── Dockerfile
├── ansible
│   └── Dockerfile
└── docker-compose.yml

alpine/Dockerfile内容为

FROM alpine:3.10

RUN echo "http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/latest-stable/main/" > /etc/apk/repositories && \
    echo "http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/latest-stable/community/" >> /etc/apk/repositories

RUN apk update && \
    apk add --no-cache openssh-server tzdata python3 && \
    cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && \
    sed -i "s/#PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && \
    ssh-keygen -t rsa -P "" -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key && \
    ssh-keygen -t ecdsa -P "" -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key && \
    ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -P "" -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key && \
    echo "root:root" | chpasswd

EXPOSE 22

CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd", "-D"]

ansible/Dockerfile内容为

FROM alpine:3.10

RUN echo "http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/latest-stable/main/" > /etc/apk/repositories && \
    echo "http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/latest-stable/community/" >> /etc/apk/repositories
 
RUN apk update && \
    apk add --no-cache openssh-server tzdata ansible openssh && \
    cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && \
    sed -i "s/#PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && \
    ssh-keygen -t rsa -P "" -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key && \
    ssh-keygen -t ecdsa -P "" -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key && \
    ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -P "" -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key

RUN mkdir -p /etc/ansible && \
    echo -e "[dev]\nhost1\nhost2" >/etc/ansible/hosts && \
    ssh-keygen -t rsa -P "" -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa

EXPOSE 22

CMD ["/usr/sbin/sshd", "-D"]

docker-compose.yml内容为

version: "2.4"
services:
  host1:
    build: alpine
  host2:
    build: alpine
  ansible:
    build: ansible

执行下面的命令构建镜像并启动服务：

docker-compose up -d

进入ansible容器

docker-compose exec ansible sh

执行下面命令：

ssh-copy-id host1
ssh-copy-id host2

会提示输入密码，密码是root

使用

我们使用ping命令测试一下：

ansible dev -m ping

输出类似下面的信息：

host1 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3.7"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}

host2 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3.7"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}