Linux58期课后练习题 三剑客

1. 在当前系统中打印出所有普通用户的用户名和家目录（/etc/passwd）。
答：

cat /etc/passwd | awk -F ':' '$3>999{print $1,$(NF-1)}'
or
cat /etc/passwd | awk -F ':' '/home/{print $1,$(NF-1)}'

2. 显示当前系统中容量使用率大于5%的文件系统名称和挂载点。
答：

df -h | awk -F '[ %]+' 'NR>1&&$5>5{print $1,$NF}'
or
df -h | awk 'NR>1{print $1,$5,$NF}'|sed 's#%##g'|awk '$2>5{print $1,$3}'

3. 为/tmp/grub.conf文件中前三行的行首加#号，其中/tmp/grub.conf的内容是/etc/sysconfig/grub的内容。
答：

[root@oldboyedu  ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/grub >> /tmp/grub.conf
[root@oldboyedu  ~]# sed -ri '1,3s/^/#/g' /tmp/grub.conf
[root@oldboyedu  ~]# cat -n /tmp/grub.conf
     1  #GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
     2  #GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)"
     3  #GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
     4  GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true
     5  GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console"
     6  GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="biosdevname=0 net.ifnames=0 rhgb quiet"
     7  GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

4. 把一下内容输入到test.txt文件中。

姓名          区号   电话    三个月捐款数量
Mike Harrington:[510] 548-1278:250:100:175

Christian Dobbins:[408] 538-2358:155:90:201
Susan Dalsass:[206] 654-6279:250:60:50

Archie McNichol:[206] 548-1348:250:100:175
Jody Savage:[206] 548-1278:15:188:150

Guy Quigley:[916] 343-6410:250:100:175
Dan Savage:[406] 298-7744:450:300:275
Nancy McNeil:[206] 548-1278:250:80:75

John Goldenrod:[916] 348-4278:250:100:175

Chet Main:[510] 548-5258:50:95:135

Tom Savage:[408] 926-3456:250:168:200
Elizabeth Stachelin:[916] 440-1763:175:75:300

(1)、显示所有电话号码
答：

awk -F"[ :]+" '/./{print $4}' test.txt
or
awk -F"[ :]+" '!/^$/{print $4}' test.txt

(2、显示Dan的电话号码
答：

awk -F "[ :]+" '$1~/Dan/{print $4}' test.txt

(3)、显示Susan的名字和电话号码
答：

awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR==5{print $1,$4}' test.txt 
or
awk -F'[ :]+' '$1~/Susan/{print $1,$2,$4}' test.txt

(4)、显示所有以D开头的姓
答：

awk -F "[ :]+" '$2~/^D/{print $2}' test.txt

(5)、显示所有区号为916的人名
答：

awk -F "[ :]+" '$3~/\[916\]/{print $1}' test.txt

(6)、显示Mike的捐款.显示每个值时都有以￥开头.如 ￥250 ￥100 ￥175
答：

awk -F "[: ]+" '$1~/Mike/{print "￥"$(NF-2),"￥"$(NF-1),"￥"$NF}' test.txt
or
awk  -F ":" '$1~/Mike/{print "￥"$3,"￥"$4,"￥"$5}' test.txt
or
awk -F'[ :]+' '/Mike/{print "￥"$(NF-2),"￥"$(NF-1),"￥"$NF}' test.txt 

(7)、显示姓,其后跟一个逗号和名
答：

awk -F "[: ]+" 'NR>1&&$1~/^[A-Z]/{print $1","$2}' test.txt
or
awk -F'[ :]+' 'NR>1&&!/^$/{print $2","$1}' test.txt

(8)、在Jody开头的行的上一行前面添加一行内容为oldboy
答：

sed  '/Jody/i oldboy' test.txt
or
awk -F "[ :]+"  '$1~/Jody/ {print "oldboy\n" $0}' test.txt

(9)、删除空白行
答：

sed '/^$/d' test.txt
or
awk '!/^$/' test.txt
or
awk '/./' test.txt

5. 把一下内容输入到test.txt文件中。

Steve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:20300
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:14500
Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:23400
Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245700
Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900
Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92086:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:35200
Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:123500
Ephram Hardy:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:56700
James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:268500
Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:52600
William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:43500
Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:24500
Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:25000
Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:89500
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:126000
Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350
Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:95600
Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:34200
Yukio Takeshida:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:57000
Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900

grep练习

(1)、显示所有包含San的行
答：

grep -n 'San' test.txt
or
sed -n '/San/p' test.txt

(2)、显示所有以J开始的人名所在的行
答：

grep '^J' test.txt

(3)、显示所有以700结尾的行
答：

grep '700$' test.txt

(4)、显示所有不包括834的行
答：

grep -v '834' test.txt
or
sed -n '/834/!p' test.txt
or
sed '/834/d' test.txt
or
awk '!/834/' test.txt

(5)、显示所有生日在December的行
答：

grep ':12/' test.txt 
or
sed -n '/:12\//p' test.txt

(6)、显示所有电话号码的区号为408的行
答：

awk '/408-/' test.txt

(7)、显示所有这样的行:它包含一个大写字母,后跟四个小写字母,一个逗号,一个空格,和一个大写字母
答：

egrep "[A-Z][a-z]{4}, [A-Z]" test.txt

(8)、显示姓以K或k开头的行
答：

awk '$2~/^[Kk]/' test.txt

(9)、显示工资为六位数的行,并在前面加行号
答：

egrep -n '[0-9]{6}$' test.txt
or
awk '/[0-9]{6}/{print NR,$0}' test.txt
or
grep -n "[0-9]\{6\}" test.txt 

sed练习

(1)、把Jon的名字改成Jonathan.
答：

sed -n 's#^Jon#Jonathan#gp' test.txt

(2)、删除头三行
答：

cat -n test.txt|sed -n '4,$p'
or
sed '1,3d' test.txt

(3)、显示5-10行
答：

cat -n test.txt|sed -n '/Jennifer/,/Fred/p'
or
cat -n test.txt|sed -n '5,10p'
or
awk 'NR>4&&NR<11{print NR,$0}' test.txt

(4)、删除包含Lane的行.
答：

sed '/Lane/d' test.txt

(5)、显示所有生日在November-December之间的行
答：

sed -nr '/:(11|12)\//p' test.txt

(6)、把三个星号(***)添加到以Fred开头的行
答：

sed -n 's#^(Fred).*#***\1#gp' test.txt 

(7)、用JOSE HAS RETIRED取代包含Jose的行
答：

sed -n '/^Jose/c  JOSE HAS RETIRED' test.txt

(8)、把Popeye的生日改成11/14/46
答：

awk -F'[ :]' '/^Popeye/{$(NF-1)="11/14/46";print}' test.txt
or
sed -nr 's#(^Popeye.*:).*(:.*)#\111/14/46\2#gp' test.txt

(9)、删除所有空白行
答：

sed '/^$/d' test2.txt
or
awk '!/^$/' test2.txt
or
awk '/./' test2.txt