作者：Larry Liu
微信号：larry-at-ealing
原文：https://www.jianshu.com/p/e5f84e2ab695
许可：知识共享署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际许可协议

表达观点

雅思口语第一、三部分中，考官经常询问考生对不同话题、事物、事件的观点和看法。首先，花1分钟时间思考下面的问题。

英语中如何表达观点看法呢？

如果还没想出答案，没有关系，下面的小任务可以帮你找到一般规律。

1. 阅读思考以下三个问题，大声说出你的答案。
2. 把刚才说出的答案写下来。
3. 对比自己写下的对三个问题的三个答案，找出一般规律。

以下问题来自2019年3月杭州考场：

1. Do you think it's easier or harder to obtain information now than in the past?
2. What do you think about the quality of the information on the Internet?
3. How can people assess the quality of the information on the Internet?

不知道你的答案是否与下面的样例类似。

1. I think we definitely have access to more information nowadays. The Internet...
2. In my opinion, we can't trust all information on the Internet. On the one hand, ...
3. From my perspective, there're a few ways the quality can be assessed. First, ...

阅读你的答案和上面的句子，聪明的你一定会发现：

1. 这些句子都表达了你对于问题的某种观点。
2. 句子中的某些词汇、短语、表达方式很明确的提示听众你在表达观点。

再仔细阅读上面的句子，看你能否找出这些提示听众你在表达观点的词汇、短语、表达方式。

你应该已经找到他们了，看是否是下面这些。

1. I think we definitely have access to more information nowadays.
2. In my opinion, we can't trust all information on the Internet.
3. From what I know, there're a few ways the quality can be assessed.

话语标记

类似I think、in my opinion、from what I know的词汇、短语、表达方式，在语法中被称为话语标记。这些话语标记往往不具备内容意义，比如第一句中I think与obtain information或者having access to information并没有内容上的相关性。话语标记的意义在于提供某种话语功能，比如考生使用例句中加黑的话语标识，就是在提示雅思考官注意接下来的观点内容。所以，你可以这样理解上面表达观点的句子。

1. I think (考官大人注意，我要发表观点了！) we definitely...
2. In my opinion (考官大人，接下来就是我的观点，你要留心听哦！) we can't...
3. From what I know (考官大人，我的观点就在下面，肯定不完美，但确是我的观点，认真听哦！） there're a few ways...

现在，你应该已经认识到话语标记的重要性了，它们能够使听众更容易理解发言者的意图和隐含意思。那么，表达观点的话语标记有那些呢？花至少10分钟时间学习下面的例子。

以下例句来自密歇根学术口语语料库，按照使用频率由高到低排序：

• I think that would be a good topic.
• I guess you can say that's redundant, but to me that is a big point.
• I feel women in nontraditional fields go through many experiences where they're made to.
• I believe there is at least some casual relationship on the national level.
• It seems to me that there're two separate issues here.
• I suppose you could learn Russian?
• The economic competition is, in my opinion, what is driving this attack on nurse practitioner practice.
• What I mean is that I think that a lot of their success and attention has been pretty well deserved.
• As far as I'm concerned, you could have it on a lower case or upper case.
• From my point of view, Column One is so pie-in-the-sky.
• Things tend to be much much more hierarchical and division of labor seems to be a lot more clear, at least, from my perspective.
• That's true according to me.

好啦，看看你能不能把学到的话语标识应用到对前面问题的回答中。阅读并思考问题，大声说出答案。多说几次，使用不同的话语标识。

1. Do you think it's easier or harder to obtain information now than in the past?
2. What do you think about the quality of the information on the Internet?
3. How can people assess the quality of the information on the Internet?

练习、练习、再练习

现在你应该很有信心使用话语标识表达观点了吧？那么花15分钟对以下问题给出你的简单答案吧。

以下问题来自2019年3月杭州考场：

关于历史

1. Why do you think some people are not interested in history?
2. Which part of the Chinese history do you think is the most important?
3. People often only remember successful stories in history. Does that mean stories about failures are not important?

关于语言

1. Do you think children should learn a second language?
2. What do you think is difficult for children to learn the second language?
3. How do you think a good teacher can teach children language effectively?

关于环保

1. Do you think it's important for us to protect the environment?
2. Do you think the school should teach students how to protect the environment?
3. Who else do you think is responsible for teaching children how to protect the environment?

关于学习

1. Why does it take a long time for people to master a skill?
2. Do you think people prefer to spend time learning a skill that's easy or challenging?
3. Do you think people are happy after mastering a skill?

关于代沟

1. Do you think young people and old people can have the same hobbies?
2. Do you think young people and old people in China have age gaps?
3. Do you think young people these days are more self-centered than in the past?

小结

恭喜你在雅思口语的游戏中成功晋级！现在你应该已经：

• 了解英语中话语标记的作用；
• 能够使用常用话语标识表达观点；
• 能够对部分雅思口语真题给出简单概括性的答案。

如果喜欢，请继续关注我的雅思口语专题。

Larry Liu
学术英语和英语作为外国语教师 · 13年教学经验
伦敦国王学院英语语言教学与应用语言学硕士 · 浙江大学英语学士
雅思8.5分（包括口语满分） · 托福114分

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