[TOC]
今天我们主要分析下broker被选为controller之后，主要干了什么。门面代码先列出来：
def onControllerFailover() {
if (isRunning) {
info("Broker %d starting become controller state transition".format(config.brokerId))
//read controller epoch from zk
readControllerEpochFromZookeeper()
// increment the controller epoch
incrementControllerEpoch(zkUtils.zkClient)
// before reading source of truth from zookeeper, register the listeners to get broker/topic callbacks
registerReassignedPartitionsListener()
registerIsrChangeNotificationListener()
registerPreferredReplicaElectionListener()
partitionStateMachine.registerListeners()
replicaStateMachine.registerListeners()
initializeControllerContext()
replicaStateMachine.startup()
partitionStateMachine.startup()
// register the partition change listeners for all existing topics on failover
controllerContext.allTopics.foreach(topic => partitionStateMachine.registerPartitionChangeListener(topic))
info("Broker %d is ready to serve as the new controller with epoch %d".format(config.brokerId, epoch))
brokerState.newState(RunningAsController)
maybeTriggerPartitionReassignment()
maybeTriggerPreferredReplicaElection()
/* send partition leadership info to all live brokers */
sendUpdateMetadataRequest(controllerContext.liveOrShuttingDownBrokerIds.toSeq)
if (config.autoLeaderRebalanceEnable) {
info("starting the partition rebalance scheduler")
autoRebalanceScheduler.startup()
autoRebalanceScheduler.schedule("partition-rebalance-thread", checkAndTriggerPartitionRebalance,
5, config.leaderImbalanceCheckIntervalSeconds.toLong, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
}
deleteTopicManager.start()
}
else
info("Controller has been shut down, aborting startup/failover")
}
一个门面，涉及到的监听器和其他内容比较多，我们一一分析。
一、controller epoch
首先从zk的节点/controller_epoch下获取之前的epoch，然后将其+1后持久化到zk中。
二、注册监听器
这块就是订阅zk的节点信息，如果节点信息有变化，会做出一些操作。
2.1 registerReassignedPartitionsListener
private def registerReassignedPartitionsListener() = {
zkUtils.zkClient.subscribeDataChanges(ZkUtils.ReassignPartitionsPath, partitionReassignedListener)
}
这块订阅的路径是：/admin/reassign_partitions，表示的是分区的重新分配。如果有变化，会有下面的操作：
/**
* Starts the partition reassignment process unless -
* 1. Partition previously existed
* 2. New replicas are the same as existing replicas
* 3. Any replica in the new set of replicas are dead
* If any of the above conditions are satisfied, it logs an error and removes the partition from list of reassigned
* partitions.
*/
class PartitionsReassignedListener(controller: KafkaController) extends IZkDataListener with Logging {
this.logIdent = "[PartitionsReassignedListener on " + controller.config.brokerId + "]: "
val zkUtils = controller.controllerContext.zkUtils
val controllerContext = controller.controllerContext
/**
* Invoked when some partitions are reassigned by the admin command
* @throws Exception On any error.
*/
@throws(classOf[Exception])
def handleDataChange(dataPath: String, data: Object) {
debug("Partitions reassigned listener fired for path %s. Record partitions to be reassigned %s"
.format(dataPath, data))
//解析zk节点上的数据
val partitionsReassignmentData = zkUtils.parsePartitionReassignmentData(data.toString)
//获取需要重新分配的分区列表
val partitionsToBeReassigned = inLock(controllerContext.controllerLock) {
partitionsReassignmentData.filterNot(p => controllerContext.partitionsBeingReassigned.contains(p._1))
}
partitionsToBeReassigned.foreach { partitionToBeReassigned =>
inLock(controllerContext.controllerLock) {
//首先判断topic是否正在等待被删除，如果是，就把相关的分区从列表中删除
if (controller.deleteTopicManager.isTopicQueuedUpForDeletion(partitionToBeReassigned._1.topic)) {
error("Skipping reassignment of partition %s for topic %s since it is currently being deleted"
.format(partitionToBeReassigned._1, partitionToBeReassigned._1.topic))
controller.removePartitionFromReassignedPartitions(partitionToBeReassigned._1)
} else {//进行重分配
val context = new ReassignedPartitionsContext(partitionToBeReassigned._2)
controller.initiateReassignReplicasForTopicPartition(partitionToBeReassigned._1, context)
}
}
}
}
/**
* Called when the leader information stored in zookeeper has been delete. Try to elect as the leader
*
* @throws Exception
* On any error.
*/
@throws(classOf[Exception])
def handleDataDeleted(dataPath: String) {
}
}
下面我们具体看下重新分配的过程,也就是initiateReassignReplicasForTopicPartition里面做了什么。
2.1.1 initiateReassignReplicasForTopicPartition
def initiateReassignReplicasForTopicPartition(topicAndPartition: TopicAndPartition,reassignedPartitionContext: ReassignedPartitionsContext) {
val newReplicas = reassignedPartitionContext.newReplicas
val topic = topicAndPartition.topic
val partition = topicAndPartition.partition
//获取存活的replica
val aliveNewReplicas = newReplicas.filter(r => controllerContext.liveBrokerIds.contains(r))
try {
val assignedReplicasOpt = controllerContext.partitionReplicaAssignment.get(topicAndPartition)
assignedReplicasOpt match {
case Some(assignedReplicas) =>
if (assignedReplicas == newReplicas) {
throw new KafkaException("Partition %s to be reassigned is already assigned to replicas".format(topicAndPartition) +
" %s. Ignoring request for partition reassignment".format(newReplicas.mkString(",")))
} else {
if (aliveNewReplicas == newReplicas) {
info("Handling reassignment of partition %s to new replicas %s".format(topicAndPartition, newReplicas.mkString(",")))
// first register ISR change listener 监听ISR变化
watchIsrChangesForReassignedPartition(topic, partition, reassignedPartitionContext)
controllerContext.partitionsBeingReassigned.put(topicAndPartition, reassignedPartitionContext)
// mark topic ineligible for deletion for the partitions being reassigned
deleteTopicManager.markTopicIneligibleForDeletion(Set(topic))
onPartitionReassignment(topicAndPartition, reassignedPartitionContext)
} else {
// some replica in RAR is not alive. Fail partition reassignment
throw new KafkaException("Only %s replicas out of the new set of replicas".format(aliveNewReplicas.mkString(",")) +
" %s for partition %s to be reassigned are alive. ".format(newReplicas.mkString(","), topicAndPartition) +
"Failing partition reassignment")
}
}
case None => throw new KafkaException("Attempt to reassign partition %s that doesn't exist"
.format(topicAndPartition))
}
} catch {
case e: Throwable => error("Error completing reassignment of partition %s".format(topicAndPartition), e)
// remove the partition from the admin path to unblock the admin client
removePartitionFromReassignedPartitions(topicAndPartition)
}
}
我们分析到代码watchIsrChangesForReassignedPartition时，发现里面定义的数据监听之后，其实也是调用了onPartitionReassignment，所以我们之间看下onPartitionReassignment，这是重新分配的重点。
2.1.2 onPartitionReassignment
这个方法由重新分区监听器触发，当admin触发时，它首先创建/admin/reassign_partitions路径，以触发zk监听器。分区重新分配会经历下面几步：
RAR = Reassigned replicas 重新分配的副本
OAR = Original list of replicas for partition，分区最初的副本列表
AR = current assigned replicas：当前分配的副本
- 1、通过OAR + RAR更新zk中的AR
- 2、发送LeaderAndIsr请求给AR中的每个副本，我们这样做的目的是强制更新zk中的controller epoch。
- 3、将RAR-OAR中副本状态变为新副本状态NewReplica，启动新副本
- 4、等待RAR中所有副本与leader同步
- 5、将RAR中所有的副本设置为OnlineReplica状态
- 6、设置AR到RAR的内存中
- 7、如果leader不在RAR中，从RAR中选举一个leader。如果需要选举，需要发送LeaderAndIsr请求。如果不是，那么controller epoch会自增，然后发送LeaderAndIsr请求。在任何情况下，都要保证AR=RAR。防止出现leader把RAR-OAR中的副本加到isr中。
- 8、把OAR-RAR中的副本设为OfflineReplica状态。当OfflineReplica状态变化时，我们会移除zk中ISR的OAR-RAR部分，然后发送LeaderAndIsr给leader，通知他ISR的缩减。然后，我们把OAR-RAR的副本状态改为StopReplica。
- 9、将OAR-RAR中所有的副本状态改为StopReplica。这会物理删除这些副本。
- 10、使用RAR更新ZK中的AR
- 11、更新zk节点/admin/reassign_partitions，删除对应的分区
- 12、选举完成后，副本和isr信息变化了。重新发送更新源数据的请求给每个broker。
整个过程比较绕，需要仔细理解下，下面是一个简单的过程，可以参考。
* For example, if OAR = {1, 2, 3} and RAR = {4,5,6}, the values in the assigned replica (AR) and leader/isr path in ZK
* may go through the following transition.
* AR leader/isr
* {1,2,3} 1/{1,2,3} (initial state)
* {1,2,3,4,5,6} 1/{1,2,3} (step 2)
* {1,2,3,4,5,6} 1/{1,2,3,4,5,6} (step 4)
* {1,2,3,4,5,6} 4/{1,2,3,4,5,6} (step 7)
* {1,2,3,4,5,6} 4/{4,5,6} (step 8)
* {4,5,6} 4/{4,5,6} (step 10)
*
* Note that we have to update AR in ZK with RAR last since it's the only place where we store OAR persistently.
* This way, if the controller crashes before that step, we can still recover.
2.2 registerIsrChangeNotificationListener
注册路径/isr_change_notification监听器。
/**
* Called when leader intimates of isr change
*
* @param controller
*/
class IsrChangeNotificationListener(controller: KafkaController) extends IZkChildListener with Logging {
override def handleChildChange(parentPath: String, currentChildren: util.List[String]): Unit = {
import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
inLock(controller.controllerContext.controllerLock) {
debug("[IsrChangeNotificationListener] Fired!!!")
val childrenAsScala: mutable.Buffer[String] = currentChildren.asScala
try {
val topicAndPartitions: immutable.Set[TopicAndPartition] = childrenAsScala.map(x => getTopicAndPartition(x)).flatten.toSet
if (topicAndPartitions.nonEmpty) {
controller.updateLeaderAndIsrCache(topicAndPartitions)
processUpdateNotifications(topicAndPartitions)
}
} finally {
// delete processed children
childrenAsScala.map(x => controller.controllerContext.zkUtils.deletePath(
ZkUtils.IsrChangeNotificationPath + "/" + x))
}
}
}
主要是更新下leader和isr的缓存，主要是controller的epoch，然后发送更新源数据的请求。
2.3 registerPreferredReplicaElectionListener
监听/admin/preferred_replica_election路径的数据，preferred replica在leader挂掉的情况下，会直接被选为leader，也就是就是assigned replicas列表中的第一个replica。
三、分区和副本状态机
3.1 注册分区状态机监听器
首先是分区状态机，分区的状态有以下几个：
- NonExistentPartition，分区不存在，他的前一个状态只能是OfflinePartition
- NewPartition：新分区，还没有选出leader，前一个状态为NonExistentPartition
- OnlinePartition：分区上线，leader已经选举出来了，前一个状态为NewPartition/OfflinePartition
- OfflinePartition：分区下线，前一个状态为NewPartition/OnlinePartition
// register topic and partition change listeners
def registerListeners() {
registerTopicChangeListener()
if(controller.config.deleteTopicEnable)
registerDeleteTopicListener()
}
监听/brokers/topics路径数据变化，如果允许删除topic的话，监听/admin/delete_topics路径数据变化。
下面我们看下两个监听背后的动作。
3.1.1 registerTopicChangeListener
这块主要处理了/brokers/topics路径下一些topic的变化，包括新增和删除的后续操作。
/**
* This is the zookeeper listener that triggers all the state transitions for a partition
*/
class TopicChangeListener extends IZkChildListener with Logging {
this.logIdent = "[TopicChangeListener on Controller " + controller.config.brokerId + "]: "
@throws(classOf[Exception])
def handleChildChange(parentPath : String, children : java.util.List[String]) {
inLock(controllerContext.controllerLock) {
if (hasStarted.get) {
try {
val currentChildren = {
import JavaConversions._
debug("Topic change listener fired for path %s with children %s".format(parentPath, children.mkString(",")))
(children: Buffer[String]).toSet
}
val newTopics = currentChildren -- controllerContext.allTopics
val deletedTopics = controllerContext.allTopics -- currentChildren
controllerContext.allTopics = currentChildren
val addedPartitionReplicaAssignment = zkUtils.getReplicaAssignmentForTopics(newTopics.toSeq)
controllerContext.partitionReplicaAssignment = controllerContext.partitionReplicaAssignment.filter(p =>
!deletedTopics.contains(p._1.topic))
controllerContext.partitionReplicaAssignment.++=(addedPartitionReplicaAssignment)
info("New topics: [%s], deleted topics: [%s], new partition replica assignment [%s]".format(newTopics,
deletedTopics, addedPartitionReplicaAssignment))
if(newTopics.size > 0)
controller.onNewTopicCreation(newTopics, addedPartitionReplicaAssignment.keySet.toSet)
} catch {
case e: Throwable => error("Error while handling new topic", e )
}
}
}
}
}
3.1.2 registerDeleteTopicListener
监听zk节点，把需要删除的topic放到待删除队列中，然后由kafka执行删除，主要删除的是zk下面相关的节点，和日志文件。
3.2 注册副本状态机监听器
副本状态机，有以下几种状态：
- NewReplica：controller在重新分区时会创建新副本，这个状态下，只能收到成为follower的请求，前一个状态是NonExistentReplica。
- OnlineReplica：副本启动后的状态，这个状态下，他可以收到成为leader或follower的请求。前一个状态可以是NewReplica, OnlineReplica or OfflineReplica。
- OfflineReplica：分区挂掉后的状态，前一个状态为NewReplica, OnlineReplica
- ReplicaDeletionStarted：副本删除开始时的状态，前一个状态为OfflineReplica
- ReplicaDeletionSuccessful：副本响应删除请求时没有错误码，这时候的状态，前一个状态为ReplicaDeletionStarted
- ReplicaDeletionIneligible：副本删除失败的状态，前一个状态为ReplicaDeletionStarted
- NonExistentReplica：副本删除成功后的状态，前一个状态为ReplicaDeletionSuccessful。
3.2.1 registerBrokerChangeListener
监听/brokers/ids路径下的节点变化。主要是broker是否有新增或者删除，然后做对应的操作。
/**
* This is the zookeeper listener that triggers all the state transitions for a replica
*/
class BrokerChangeListener() extends IZkChildListener with Logging {
this.logIdent = "[BrokerChangeListener on Controller " + controller.config.brokerId + "]: "
def handleChildChange(parentPath : String, currentBrokerList : java.util.List[String]) {
info("Broker change listener fired for path %s with children %s".format(parentPath, currentBrokerList.sorted.mkString(",")))
inLock(controllerContext.controllerLock) {
if (hasStarted.get) {
ControllerStats.leaderElectionTimer.time {
try {
val curBrokers = currentBrokerList.map(_.toInt).toSet.flatMap(zkUtils.getBrokerInfo)
val curBrokerIds = curBrokers.map(_.id)
val liveOrShuttingDownBrokerIds = controllerContext.liveOrShuttingDownBrokerIds
val newBrokerIds = curBrokerIds -- liveOrShuttingDownBrokerIds
val deadBrokerIds = liveOrShuttingDownBrokerIds -- curBrokerIds
val newBrokers = curBrokers.filter(broker => newBrokerIds(broker.id))
controllerContext.liveBrokers = curBrokers
val newBrokerIdsSorted = newBrokerIds.toSeq.sorted
val deadBrokerIdsSorted = deadBrokerIds.toSeq.sorted
val liveBrokerIdsSorted = curBrokerIds.toSeq.sorted
info("Newly added brokers: %s, deleted brokers: %s, all live brokers: %s"
.format(newBrokerIdsSorted.mkString(","), deadBrokerIdsSorted.mkString(","), liveBrokerIdsSorted.mkString(",")))
newBrokers.foreach(controllerContext.controllerChannelManager.addBroker)
deadBrokerIds.foreach(controllerContext.controllerChannelManager.removeBroker)
if(newBrokerIds.size > 0)
controller.onBrokerStartup(newBrokerIdsSorted)
if(deadBrokerIds.size > 0)
controller.onBrokerFailure(deadBrokerIdsSorted)
} catch {
case e: Throwable => error("Error while handling broker changes", e)
}
}
}
}
}
}
3.3 初始化controller上下文
这块主要获取了一些原始数据，包括topic、分区等等，然后启动了一些管理器。
private def initializeControllerContext() {
// update controller cache with delete topic information
//存活的brokerId列表
controllerContext.liveBrokers = zkUtils.getAllBrokersInCluster().toSet
//所有的topic
controllerContext.allTopics = zkUtils.getAllTopics().toSet
//所有topic的分区信息
controllerContext.partitionReplicaAssignment = zkUtils.getReplicaAssignmentForTopics(controllerContext.allTopics.toSeq)
//分区的leader信息
controllerContext.partitionLeadershipInfo = new mutable.HashMap[TopicAndPartition, LeaderIsrAndControllerEpoch]
//已经挂掉的broker列表，默认为空
controllerContext.shuttingDownBrokerIds = mutable.Set.empty[Int]
// update the leader and isr cache for all existing partitions from Zookeeper
updateLeaderAndIsrCache()
// start the channel manager
startChannelManager()
initializePreferredReplicaElection()
initializePartitionReassignment()
initializeTopicDeletion()
info("Currently active brokers in the cluster: %s".format(controllerContext.liveBrokerIds))
info("Currently shutting brokers in the cluster: %s".format(controllerContext.shuttingDownBrokerIds))
info("Current list of topics in the cluster: %s".format(controllerContext.allTopics))
}
前面几行已经有了注释，也比较清楚，下面我们从startChannelManager开始。这个ChannelManager是什么？其实就是用于leader与各个broker通信的通道。这个manager也就是管理这些请求的管理器。
这里主要处理几种请求：
- LEADER_AND_ISR
- STOP_REPLICA
- UPDATE_METADATA_KEY
这个通道启动完成后，就是初始化三个动作：
- initializePreferredReplicaElection
- initializePartitionReassignment
- initializeTopicDeletion
3.4 副本状态机监听器启动
也就是replicaStateMachine.startup()。这个方法通过读取zk中的分区信息，把所有的副本状态改为OnlineReplica。
/**
* Invoked on successful controller election. First registers a broker change listener since that triggers all
* state transitions for replicas. Initializes the state of replicas for all partitions by reading from zookeeper.
* Then triggers the OnlineReplica state change for all replicas.
*/
def startup() {
// initialize replica state
initializeReplicaState()
// set started flag
hasStarted.set(true)
// move all Online replicas to Online
handleStateChanges(controllerContext.allLiveReplicas(), OnlineReplica)
info("Started replica state machine with initial state -> " + replicaState.toString())
}
3.5 分区状态机监听器启动
类似于副本状态机监听器，这个也是初始化了分区的状态，然后把分区的状态变为OnlineState。
/**
* Invoked on successful controller election. First registers a topic change listener since that triggers all
* state transitions for partitions. Initializes the state of partitions by reading from zookeeper. Then triggers
* the OnlinePartition state change for all new or offline partitions.
*/
def startup() {
// initialize partition state
initializePartitionState()
// set started flag
hasStarted.set(true)
// try to move partitions to online state
triggerOnlinePartitionStateChange()
info("Started partition state machine with initial state -> " + partitionState.toString())
}
3.6 自动负载定时器
如果开启了auto.leader.rebalance.enable参数，那么就会启动分区负载定时器。配置中可以设置leader.imbalance.check.interval.seconds参数，表示定时检查的时间间隔，单位为秒。
if (config.autoLeaderRebalanceEnable) {
info("starting the partition rebalance scheduler")
autoRebalanceScheduler.startup()
autoRebalanceScheduler.schedule("partition-rebalance-thread", checkAndTriggerPartitionRebalance,
5, config.leaderImbalanceCheckIntervalSeconds.toLong, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
}
我们可以着重看下checkAndTriggerPartitionRebalance方法。
private def checkAndTriggerPartitionRebalance(): Unit = {
if (isActive()) {
trace("checking need to trigger partition rebalance")
// get all the active brokers
var preferredReplicasForTopicsByBrokers: Map[Int, Map[TopicAndPartition, Seq[Int]]] = null
inLock(controllerContext.controllerLock) {
preferredReplicasForTopicsByBrokers =
controllerContext.partitionReplicaAssignment.filterNot(p => deleteTopicManager.isTopicQueuedUpForDeletion(p._1.topic)).groupBy {
case (topicAndPartition, assignedReplicas) => assignedReplicas.head
}
}
debug("preferred replicas by broker " + preferredReplicasForTopicsByBrokers)
// for each broker, check if a preferred replica election needs to be triggered
preferredReplicasForTopicsByBrokers.foreach {
case (leaderBroker, topicAndPartitionsForBroker) => {
var imbalanceRatio: Double = 0
var topicsNotInPreferredReplica: Map[TopicAndPartition, Seq[Int]] = null
inLock(controllerContext.controllerLock) {
topicsNotInPreferredReplica =
topicAndPartitionsForBroker.filter {
case (topicPartition, replicas) => {
controllerContext.partitionLeadershipInfo.contains(topicPartition) &&
controllerContext.partitionLeadershipInfo(topicPartition).leaderAndIsr.leader != leaderBroker
}
}
debug("topics not in preferred replica " + topicsNotInPreferredReplica)
val totalTopicPartitionsForBroker = topicAndPartitionsForBroker.size
val totalTopicPartitionsNotLedByBroker = topicsNotInPreferredReplica.size
imbalanceRatio = totalTopicPartitionsNotLedByBroker.toDouble / totalTopicPartitionsForBroker
trace("leader imbalance ratio for broker %d is %f".format(leaderBroker, imbalanceRatio))
}
// check ratio and if greater than desired ratio, trigger a rebalance for the topic partitions
// that need to be on this broker
if (imbalanceRatio > (config.leaderImbalancePerBrokerPercentage.toDouble / 100)) {
topicsNotInPreferredReplica.foreach {
case (topicPartition, replicas) => {
inLock(controllerContext.controllerLock) {
// do this check only if the broker is live and there are no partitions being reassigned currently
// and preferred replica election is not in progress
if (controllerContext.liveBrokerIds.contains(leaderBroker) &&
controllerContext.partitionsBeingReassigned.size == 0 &&
controllerContext.partitionsUndergoingPreferredReplicaElection.size == 0 &&
!deleteTopicManager.isTopicQueuedUpForDeletion(topicPartition.topic) &&
controllerContext.allTopics.contains(topicPartition.topic)) {
onPreferredReplicaElection(Set(topicPartition), true)
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
3.7 启动删除topic进程
如果允许程序自动删除topic的话（delete.topic.enable=true），那么就会启动这个进程。
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