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ThreadPoolExecutor源码剖析

ThreadPoolExecutor源码剖析

作者: Prothean | 来源:发表于2018-01-09 11:58 被阅读0次

    ThreadPoolExecutor提交任务入口代码如下:

        public void execute(Runnable command) {
            if (command == null)
                throw new NullPointerException();
            // ctl高3位表示线程池状态,低29位表示线程数目,对ctl的访问需要进行位运算
            int c = ctl.get(); 
            // 如果worker线程数目小于corePoolSize,增加一个worker线程
            if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) { 
                if (addWorker(command, true))
                    return;
                c = ctl.get();
            }
            // 如果worker线程不小于corePoolSize,并且线程池正在运行,则把任务添加到workQueue中
            // workQueue是一个BlockingQueue<Runnable>
            if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
                int recheck = ctl.get();
                // 再次获取线程池状态码并检测线程池是否运行,如果没有运行,则移除刚才提交的任务,调用reject方法
                // reject方法可以由RejectedExecutionHandler指定
                if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
                    reject(command);
                // 如果worker线程数目为0,以maximumPoolSize为限制增加一个worker线程
                else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
                    addWorker(null, false);
            }
            // 如果任务添加到workQueue(有可能是有界队列)失败,
            // 以maximumPoolSize为限制增加一个worker线程
            // 如果增加线程失败,调用reject方法
            else if (!addWorker(command, false))
                reject(command);
        }
    

    看完任务如何提交,继续看addWorker方法是怎么运行的,只留下了方法的主干:

        private boolean addWorker(Runnable firstTask, boolean core) {
            retry:
            for (;;) {
                int c = ctl.get();
                int rs = runStateOf(c);
    
                // 检测条件
                if (rs >= SHUTDOWN &&
                    ! (rs == SHUTDOWN &&
                       firstTask == null &&
                       ! workQueue.isEmpty()))
                    return false;
    
                for (;;) {
                    int wc = workerCountOf(c);
                    // 如果worker线程数目大于CAPACITY(ctl的低29位全为1,500多万)
                    // 或者worker线程大于corePoolSize,maximumPoolSize(用core开关控制)
                    // 添加worker线程失败
                    if (wc >= CAPACITY ||
                        wc >= (core ? corePoolSize : maximumPoolSize))
                        return false;
                    // CAS操作,增加worker线程数目
                    if (compareAndIncrementWorkerCount(c))
                        break retry;
                    c = ctl.get();  // Re-read ctl
                    if (runStateOf(c) != rs)
                        continue retry;
                }
            }
            // 增加worker线程测试条件通过,真正开始增加worker线程
            boolean workerStarted = false;
            boolean workerAdded = false;
            Worker w = null;
            try {
                // new一个Worker,Worker是对线程和任务的一个封装,下面会讲到
                w = new Worker(firstTask);
                final Thread t = w.thread;
                if (t != null) {
                    final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
                    mainLock.lock();
                    try {
                            // 在workers里面新增worker
                            workers.add(w);
                            int s = workers.size();
                            // 更新largestPoolSize
                            if (s > largestPoolSize)
                                largestPoolSize = s;
                            workerAdded = true;
                        }
                    } finally {
                        mainLock.unlock();
                    }
                    // 如果worker添加成功,则启动这个worker线程
                    if (workerAdded) {
                        t.start();
                        workerStarted = true;
                    }
                }
            } finally {
                // 如果启动worker失败,调用addWorkerFailed方法
                // 这个方法主要是减少worker数目,从workers里面移除刚才添加的worker
                // 并在线程池中尝试中断一个idle worker
                if (! workerStarted)
                    addWorkerFailed(w);
            }
            return workerStarted;
        }
    

    下面接着看Worker是怎么对线程与任务封装的,下面是Worker类的代码:

        // Worker类本身也是一个Runnable
        // AQS可以这样理解,它内部持有一个状态,并发的线程可以原子性的去修改这个状态
        private final class Worker
            extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer
            implements Runnable
        {
            // 运行任务的线程
            final Thread thread;
            // 初始化运行的任务,可以为null
            Runnable firstTask;
            // 完成任务的计数
            volatile long completedTasks;
    
            Worker(Runnable firstTask) {
                setState(-1); // 状态设置为-1,禁止没有start线程前去中断这个线程
                this.firstTask = firstTask;
                // 传的是this对象,所以线程start会调用this的run方法
                this.thread = getThreadFactory().newThread(this);
            }
            
            // run方法委托给runWorker方法,参数传的是this
            public void run() {
                runWorker(this);
            }
    
            // 关于锁的方法
            // 通过lock与unlock,可以知道worker是不是idle worker
            // 0代表没有加锁状态
            // 1代表加锁状态
    
            protected boolean isHeldExclusively() {
                return getState() != 0;
            }
    
            protected boolean tryAcquire(int unused) {
                if (compareAndSetState(0, 1)) {
                    setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread.currentThread());
                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
    
            protected boolean tryRelease(int unused) {
                setExclusiveOwnerThread(null);
                setState(0);
                return true;
            }
    
            public void lock()        { acquire(1); }
            public boolean tryLock()  { return tryAcquire(1); }
            public void unlock()      { release(1); }
            public boolean isLocked() { return isHeldExclusively(); }
    
            // 线程运行后也可以通过这个方法中断线程的运行
            void interruptIfStarted() {
                Thread t;
                if (getState() >= 0 && (t = thread) != null && !t.isInterrupted()) {
                    try {
                        t.interrupt();
                    } catch (SecurityException ignore) {
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    

    下面来看看runWorker方法,只留下了方法的主干:

      final void runWorker(Worker w) {
        Thread wt = Thread.currentThread(); //获取到worker的thread
        Runnable task = w.firstTask;
        w.firstTask = null;
        w.unlock(); // unlock worker,允许中断thread
        boolean completedAbruptly = true;
        // 死循环,当task为null或者从任务队列获取任务为null时,worker的thread会退出
        while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
          w.lock(); // lock表示这个worker不是idle worker
          // If pool is stopping, ensure thread is interrupted;
          // if not, ensure thread is not interrupted.  This
          // requires a recheck in second case to deal with
          // shutdownNow race while clearing interrupt
          if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) ||
            (Thread.interrupted() &&
              runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) &&
            !wt.isInterrupted())
            wt.interrupt();
          try {
            Throwable thrown = null;
            try {
              // 运行任务
              task.run();
            } catch (Throwable x) {
              thrown = x;
              throw new Error(x);
            }
          } finally {
            task = null;
            w.completedTasks++;
            w.unlock();
          }
        }
      }
    

    下面接着看worker线程是如何从任务队列获取任务的:

        private Runnable getTask() {
            boolean timedOut = false; // Did the last poll() time out?
    
            for (;;) {
                int c = ctl.get();
                int rs = runStateOf(c);
    
                // 如果线程池状态至少为shutdown,并且
                // 线程池状态至少为stop或者工作队列为空
                // 减少worker的数目,并返回null,当worker线程检测到任务为null时,会自己退出
                if (rs >= SHUTDOWN && (rs >= STOP || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
                    decrementWorkerCount();
                    return null;
                }
    
                int wc = workerCountOf(c);
                // 当allowCoreThreadTimeOut为true或者worker线程数目大于corePoolSize时,允许超时
                boolean timed = allowCoreThreadTimeOut || wc > corePoolSize;
                // 如果worker线程数目大于maximumPoolSize,或者
                // 允许超时并且上一次poll也超时,并且
                // worker线程数目大于1,或者工作队列为空
                // 减少worker线程数目返回null
                if ((wc > maximumPoolSize || (timed && timedOut))
                    && (wc > 1 || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
                    if (compareAndDecrementWorkerCount(c))
                        return null;
                    continue;
                }
    
                try {
                    // 允许超时则用poll,否则take
                    Runnable r = timed ?
                        workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) :
                        workQueue.take();
                    if (r != null)
                        return r;
                    timedOut = true;
                } catch (InterruptedException retry) {
                    timedOut = false;
                }
            }
        }
    

    以上就是整个ThreadPoolExecutor主要的方法,还有另一个比较重要的方法,是用来清除idle worker的:

        private void interruptIdleWorkers(boolean onlyOne) {
            final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
            mainLock.lock();
            try {
                for (Worker w : workers) {
                    Thread t = w.thread;
                    // 如果worker的thread没有中断,并且尝试去获取worker的锁
                    // 成功则表示worker没有运行任务,那么中断这个idle worker
                    // 失败则表示worker正在运行任务,不中断这个worker
                    if (!t.isInterrupted() && w.tryLock()) {
                        try {
                            t.interrupt();
                        } catch (SecurityException ignore) {
                        } finally {
                            w.unlock();
                        }
                    }
                    if (onlyOne)
                        break;
                }
            } finally {
                mainLock.unlock();
            }
        }
    

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