1.1、查找一个元素
- find_element_by_id
- find_element_by_name
- find_element_by_xpath
- find_element_by_link_text
- find_element_by_partial_link_text
- find_element_by_tag_name
- find_element_by_class_name
- find_element_by_css_selector
1.2、查找多个元素
- find_elements_by_name
- find_elements_by_xpath
- find_elements_by_link_text
- find_elements_by_partial_link_text
- find_elements_by_tag_name
- find_elements_by_class_name
- find_elements_by_css_selector
网页
<html>
<body>
<form id="loginForm">
<input name="username" type="text" />
<input name="password" type="password" />
<input name="continue" type="submit" value="Login" />
<input name="continue" type="button" value="Clear" />
</form>
</body>
<html>
代码：
login_form = driver.find_element_by_id('loginForm')
username = driver.find_element_by_name('username')
password = driver.find_element_by_name('password')
私有方法：
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//button[text()="Some text"]')
driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, '//button')
1.3、XPATH 高级元素查找
<html>
<body>
<form id="loginForm">
<input name="username" type="text" />
<input name="password" type="password" />
<input name="continue" type="submit" value="Login" />
<input name="continue" type="button" value="Clear" />
</form>
</body>
<html>
login_form = driver.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/form[1]")
login_form = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[1]")
login_form = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id='loginForm']")
-
绝对路径查找，不推荐。网页一改就容易出错。
-
HTML中的第一个元素
-
id='loginForm'
username = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[input/@name='username']")
username = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id='loginForm']/input[1]")
username = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@name='username']")
- 查找 name='username' 的三种方法
clear_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@name='continue'][@type='button']")
clear_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//form[@id='loginForm']/input[4]")
- clear按钮查找方法
了解更多
- W3Schools XPath Tutorial
- W3C XPath Recommendation
- XPath Tutorial - with interactive examples.
1.4、超链接文本定位
<html>
<body>
<p>Are you sure you want to do this?</p>
<a href="continue.html">Continue</a>
<a href="cancel.html">Cancel</a>
</body>
<html>
continue_link = driver.find_element_by_link_text('Continue')
continue_link = driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text('Conti')
1.5、通过标记名字（Tag Name）定位
<html>
<body>
<h1>Welcome</h1>
<p>Site content goes here.</p>
</body>
<html>
heading1 = driver.find_element_by_tag_name('h1')
1.6、通过Class名字定位
<html>
<body>
<p class="content">Site content goes here.</p>
</body>
<html>
content = driver.find_element_by_class_name('content')
1.7、通过CCS选择器定位
<html>
<body>
<p class="content">Site content goes here.</p>
</body>
<html>
content = driver.find_element_by_css_selector('p.content')
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