“resilience”是不可数名词,英汉字典中一般给出的释义是“还原能力、适应能力”,但其实我们把它理解成“坚强”就好。英英释义: the ability to become strong, happy, or successful again after a difficult situation or event。从它的英英释义可以看出,这个词强调的是能够经受考验,可以指个人、机构,也可以指制度和国家。这个词比 toughness 更加准确,用在口语和写作中可以体现相当的词汇水平。
例句:
① 911 事件后,纽约市民展示出了惊人的团结和坚强,我们可以说:
New Yorkers demonstrated extraordinary unity and resilience in the wake of 9/11.
② 援救工作和其他的工作不一样,它需要从业者心理非常坚强,可以说:
Rescue work differs from other types of work in that it requires a tremendous level of mental resilience.
③《经济学人》一篇关于以色列政治的文章中有这么一句:
Yet precisely because of these pressures, Israel offers an important test of the resilience of democracy.
这句中 resilience 的对象就是民主制度,我们也可以翻译为“对民主生命力的考验”。
④《经济学人》一篇关于澳大利亚环境的文章中也用到了 resilience:
Like the farmers of Western Australia, it is running out of resilience.
根据语境,这句的“it is running out of resilience”可以理解为“已经快撑不住了”。
1)翻译下面的句子:
当地居民在地震中展示出了无比的坚强。
Local residents showed remarkable resilience during the earthquake. Local inhabitants demonstrated amazing resilience in the face of the earthquake.
2)造句
例子: Like the smog of Beijing becoming heavier,her lungs is running out of resilience.
场景 :北京的雾霾越来越严重,她的肺已经快撑不住了
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