签字页移植微信小程序
最近领导提出了一个在手机上签字的需求，而且考虑其他的因素比较适合放到微信小程序当中去实现。因此对小程序端的签字canvas进行了一系列的研究。
获取web端的签字
web端的签字页面之前是写过的，不过当时需求简单就很简单写了。这次是领导的需求，因此还是做个效果比较好的。不重复造轮子，就直接在网上找了一个签字程序(现在忘了出自那里了)。
sign-web.gif
效果还是很不错的，相比于之前我自己简单写的版本，加入了通过速度控制笔锋大小，以及回撤功能。
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=400">
<title> canvas手写毛笔字效果 </title>
<style type="text/css">
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
text-align: center;
background-color: #936;
}
#canvasId {
background-color: #FFd;
}
.button {
width: 140px;
height: 60px;
font-size: 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>手写毛笔字效果-手机版</h1>
<canvas id="canvasId" width="400" height="500"></canvas><br />
<input type="button" value="全部清除" class="button" onclick="hw.clear();" />
<input type="button" value="清除最后一笔" class="button" onclick="hw.historyBack();" />
<script type="text/javascript">
function Handwriting(id) {
this.canvas = document.getElementById(id);
this.ctx = this.canvas.getContext("2d");
var on = ("ontouchstart" in document) ? {
start: "touchstart",
move: "touchmove",
end: "touchend"
} : {
start: "mousedown",
move: "mousemove",
end: "mouseup"
};
this.canvas.addEventListener(on.start, this.downEvent.bind(this), false);
this.canvas.addEventListener(on.move, this.moveEvent.bind(this), false);
this.canvas.addEventListener(on.end, this.upEvent.bind(this), false);
this.canvas.addEventListener("contextmenu", function (e) {
e.preventDefault()
}, false);
this.moveFlag = false;
this.upof = {};
this.radius = 0;
this.has = [];
this.startOf = null;
this.lineMax = 30;
this.lineMin = 3;
this.linePressure = 1;
this.smoothness = 80;
this.history = [];
this.setColor("rgba(0,0,0,0.25)");
}
Handwriting.prototype.clear = function () {
this.history = [];
this.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
}
Handwriting.prototype.historyBack = function () {
this.history.pop();
this.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
for (var i = 0; i < this.history.length; i++) {
var h = this.history[i];
for (var j = 0; j < h.length; j += 3) {
this.ctx.beginPath();
this.ctx.arc(h[j], h[j + 1], h[j + 2], 0, 2 * Math.PI, true);
this.ctx.fill();
}
}
}
Handwriting.prototype.downEvent = function (e) {
this.moveFlag = true;
this.has = [];
this.upof = this.getXY(e);
this.startOf = this.upof;
}
Handwriting.prototype.moveEvent = function (e) {
if (!this.moveFlag)
return;
e.preventDefault();
var of = this.getXY(e);
var up = this.upof;
var ur = this.radius;
this.has.unshift({
time: new Date().getTime(),
dis: this.distance(up, of )
});
var dis = 0;
var time = 0;
for (var n = 0; n < this.has.length - 1; n++) {
dis += this.has[n].dis;
time += this.has[n].time - this.has[n + 1].time;
if (dis > this.smoothness)
break;
}
var or = Math.min(time / dis * this.linePressure + this.lineMin, this.lineMax) / 2;
this.radius = or;
this.upof = of ;
if (dis < 7)
return;
if (this.startOf) {
up = this.startOf;
ur = or;
this.startOf = null;
this.history.push([]);
}
var len = Math.ceil(this.distance(up, of ) / 2);
for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
var x = up.x + ( of .x - up.x) / len * i;
var y = up.y + ( of .y - up.y) / len * i;
var r = ur + (or - ur) / len * i;
this.ctx.beginPath();
this.ctx.arc(x, y, r, 0, 2 * Math.PI, true);
this.ctx.fill();
this.history[this.history.length - 1].push(x, y, r);
}
}
Handwriting.prototype.upEvent = function (e) {
this.moveFlag = false;
}
Handwriting.prototype.getXY = function (e) {
var et = e.touches ? e.touches[0] : e;
var x = et.clientX;
var y = et.clientY;
return {
x: x - this.canvas.offsetLeft + (document.body.scrollLeft || document.documentElement.scrollLeft),
y: y - this.canvas.offsetTop + (document.body.scrollTop || document.documentElement.scrollTop)
}
}
Handwriting.prototype.distance = function (a, b) {
var x = b.x - a.x,
y = b.y - a.y;
return Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
}
Handwriting.prototype.setColor = function (c) {
this.ctx.fillStyle = c;
}
var hw = new Handwriting("canvasId");
hw.setColor("rgba(0,0,210,0.4)"); //设置画笔颜色
hw.lineMax = 10; //设置画笔最大线宽
hw.lineMin = 4; //设置画笔最小线宽
hw.linePressure = 1.2; //设置画笔笔触压力
hw.smoothness = 30; //设置画笔笔触大小变化的平滑度。
</script>
</body>
</html>
移植到小程序端
看源码大家就知道，很明显这份代码是没有办法直接移植到小程序端运行的。需要做一些改造。
拆分代码
按照微信小程序的规范，CSS，html，js文件都是拆分开放在不同的地方。因此我们第一步就是先将代码拆分出来。
对于CSS部分来说，直接放到微信小程序是没有什么问题的，只要注意将body标签的样式，转化为一个类的样式就好了。
修改代码
首先对于html文件，修改很简单，将不支持的标签替换掉就可以了。
内容：
// 原内容
<h1>手写毛笔字效果-手机版</h1>
<canvas id="canvasId" width="400" height="500"></canvas>
<br/>
<input type="button" value="全部清除" class="button" onclick="hw.clear();" />
<input type="button" value="清除最后一笔" class="button" onclick="hw.historyBack();" />
// 修改后内容
<!--pages/sign/sign.wxml-->
<view id="body">
<view>手写毛笔字效果-手机版</view>
<canvas id="canvasId" type="2d" canvas-id="canvasId" bindtouchstart="downEvent" bindtouchmove="moveEvent" bindtouchend="upEvent"></canvas>
<i-button bind:click="clear">全部清除</i-button>
<i-button bind:click="historyBack">清除最后一笔</i-button>
</view>
首先div标签转化为view标签，button我换成了iview的按钮(为了美观)，另一个值得注意的是canvas这个对象：
在微信小程序当中的canvas对象和H5里面的canvas是不一样的：
1.首先支持的版本比较靠后，因此需要注意选择基础库版本。
2.其次，其上的事件是不一样的，也需要修改。
在web版本当中，事件是在JS当中手动根据当前平台是PC还是移动来动态绑定的。在小程序中我们不需要考虑这个,因此直接写在标签上。
对于JS内容：
// 原内容
<script type="text/javascript">
function Handwriting(id) {
this.canvas = document.getElementById(id);
this.ctx = this.canvas.getContext("2d");
var on = ("ontouchstart" in document) ? {
start: "touchstart",
move: "touchmove",
end: "touchend"
} : {
start: "mousedown",
move: "mousemove",
end: "mouseup"
};
this.canvas.addEventListener(on.start, this.downEvent.bind(this), false);
this.canvas.addEventListener(on.move, this.moveEvent.bind(this), false);
this.canvas.addEventListener(on.end, this.upEvent.bind(this), false);
this.canvas.addEventListener("contextmenu", function (e) {
e.preventDefault()
}, false);
this.moveFlag = false;
this.upof = {};
this.radius = 0;
this.has = [];
this.startOf = null;
this.lineMax = 30;
this.lineMin = 3;
this.linePressure = 1;
this.smoothness = 80;
this.history = [];
this.setColor("rgba(0,0,0,0.25)");
}
Handwriting.prototype.clear = function () {
this.history = [];
this.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
}
Handwriting.prototype.historyBack = function () {
this.history.pop();
this.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);
for (var i = 0; i < this.history.length; i++) {
var h = this.history[i];
for (var j = 0; j < h.length; j += 3) {
this.ctx.beginPath();
this.ctx.arc(h[j], h[j + 1], h[j + 2], 0, 2 * Math.PI, true);
this.ctx.fill();
}
}
}
Handwriting.prototype.downEvent = function (e) {
this.moveFlag = true;
this.has = [];
this.upof = this.getXY(e);
this.startOf = this.upof;
}
Handwriting.prototype.moveEvent = function (e) {
if (!this.moveFlag)
return;
e.preventDefault();
var of = this.getXY(e);
var up = this.upof;
var ur = this.radius;
this.has.unshift({
time: new Date().getTime(),
dis: this.distance(up, of )
});
var dis = 0;
var time = 0;
for (var n = 0; n < this.has.length - 1; n++) {
dis += this.has[n].dis;
time += this.has[n].time - this.has[n + 1].time;
if (dis > this.smoothness)
break;
}
var or = Math.min(time / dis * this.linePressure + this.lineMin, this.lineMax) / 2;
this.radius = or;
this.upof = of ;
if (dis < 7)
return;
if (this.startOf) {
up = this.startOf;
ur = or;
this.startOf = null;
this.history.push([]);
}
var len = Math.ceil(this.distance(up, of ) / 2);
for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
var x = up.x + ( of .x - up.x) / len * i;
var y = up.y + ( of .y - up.y) / len * i;
var r = ur + (or - ur) / len * i;
this.ctx.beginPath();
this.ctx.arc(x, y, r, 0, 2 * Math.PI, true);
this.ctx.fill();
this.history[this.history.length - 1].push(x, y, r);
}
}
Handwriting.prototype.upEvent = function (e) {
this.moveFlag = false;
}
Handwriting.prototype.getXY = function (e) {
var et = e.touches ? e.touches[0] : e;
var x = et.clientX;
var y = et.clientY;
return {
x: x - this.canvas.offsetLeft + (document.body.scrollLeft || document.documentElement.scrollLeft),
y: y - this.canvas.offsetTop + (document.body.scrollTop || document.documentElement.scrollTop)
}
}
Handwriting.prototype.distance = function (a, b) {
var x = b.x - a.x,
y = b.y - a.y;
return Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
}
Handwriting.prototype.setColor = function (c) {
this.ctx.fillStyle = c;
}
var hw = new Handwriting("canvasId");
hw.setColor("rgba(0,0,210,0.4)"); //设置画笔颜色
hw.lineMax = 10; //设置画笔最大线宽
hw.lineMin = 4; //设置画笔最小线宽
hw.linePressure = 1.2; //设置画笔笔触压力
hw.smoothness = 30; //设置画笔笔触大小变化的平滑度。
</script>
// 修改后
// pages/sign/sign.js
Page({
/**
* 页面的初始数据
*/
data: {
canvas: null,
ctx: null,
moveFlag: false,
upof: {},
radius: 0,
has: [],
startof: null,
lineMax: 10,
lineMin: 4,
linePressure: 1.2,
smoothness: 30,
history: []
},
/**
* 生命周期函数--监听页面显示
*/
onShow: function() {
wx.createSelectorQuery()
.select('#canvasId')
.fields({
node: true,
size: true,
})
.exec(this.init.bind(this))
},
init: function(res){
const canvas = res[0].node
const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
this.data.canvas = canvas;
this.data.ctx = ctx;
const dpr = wx.getSystemInfoSync().pixelRatio
canvas.width = res[0].width * dpr
canvas.height = res[0].height * dpr
ctx.scale(dpr, dpr)
// ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 100, 100)
},
downEvent: function(e) {
this.data.moveFlag = true;
this.data.has = [];
this.data.upof = this.getXY(e);
this.data.startOf = this.data.upof;
},
getXY: function(e) {
var et = e.touches ? e.touches[0] : e;
var x = et.x;
var y = et.y;
return {
x: x,
y: y,
}
},
distance: function(a, b) {
var x = b.x - a.x,
y = b.y - a.y;
return Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
},
moveEvent: function(e) {
if (!this.data.moveFlag){
return;
}
// e.preventDefault();
var of = this.getXY(e);
var up = this.data.upof;
var ur = this.data.radius;
this.data.has.unshift({
time: new Date().getTime(),
dis: this.distance(up, of )
});
var dis = 0;
var time = 0;
for (var n = 0; n < this.data.has.length - 1; n++) {
dis += this.data.has[n].dis;
time += this.data.has[n].time - this.data.has[n + 1].time;
if (dis > this.data.smoothness)
break;
}
var or = Math.min(time / dis * this.data.linePressure + this.data.lineMin, this.data.lineMax) / 2;
this.data.radius = or;
this.data.upof = of ;
if (dis < 7)
return;
if (this.data.startOf) {
up = this.data.startOf;
ur = or;
this.data.startOf = null;
this.data.history.push([]);
}
var len = Math.ceil(this.distance(up, of ) / 2);
for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
var x = up.x + ( of .x - up.x) / len * i;
var y = up.y + ( of .y - up.y) / len * i;
var r = ur + (or - ur) / len * i;
this.data.ctx.beginPath();
this.data.ctx.arc(x, y, r, 0, 2 * Math.PI, true);
this.data.ctx.fillStyle = '#1aad19'
this.data.ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(1,1,1,0)'
this.data.ctx.fill()
this.data.ctx.stroke()
this.data.history[this.data.history.length - 1].push(x, y, r);
}
},
upEvent: function (e) {
this.data.moveFlag = false;
},
clear: function () {
this.data.history = [];
this.data.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.data.canvas.width, this.data.canvas.height);
},
historyBack: function () {
this.data.history.pop();
this.data.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.data.canvas.width, this.data.canvas.height);
for (var i = 0; i < this.data.history.length; i++) {
var h = this.data.history[i];
for (var j = 0; j < h.length; j += 3) {
this.data.ctx.beginPath();
this.data.ctx.arc(h[j], h[j + 1], h[j + 2], 0, 2 * Math.PI, true);
this.data.ctx.fill();
}
}
},
})
首先对于canvas的一些属性，原web是用一个类(function)来模拟，而在微信小程序端，我们把它都放到data里面去，然后再将方法里对这些数据的引用也修改一下。同时小程序中并没有document对象，所有用到document对象的地方替换成小程序中相同的获取方式。
完成后的样子
这只是一个测试的Demo，因此十分丑陋大家可以根据自己的需要再完善:
sign-weixin.gif
微信端源代码：
wxml:
// sign.wxml
<!--pages/sign/sign.wxml-->
<view id="body">
<view>手写毛笔字效果-手机版</view>
<canvas id="canvasId" type="2d" canvas-id="canvasId" bindtouchstart="downEvent" bindtouchmove="moveEvent" bindtouchend="upEvent"></canvas>
<i-button bind:click="clear">全部清除</i-button>
<i-button bind:click="historyBack">清除最后一笔</i-button>
</view>
js:
// sign.js
// pages/sign/sign.js
Page({
/**
* 页面的初始数据
*/
data: {
canvas: null,
ctx: null,
moveFlag: false,
upof: {},
radius: 0,
has: [],
startof: null,
lineMax: 10,
lineMin: 4,
linePressure: 1.2,
smoothness: 30,
history: []
},
/**
* 生命周期函数--监听页面显示
*/
onShow: function() {
wx.createSelectorQuery()
.select('#canvasId')
.fields({
node: true,
size: true,
})
.exec(this.init.bind(this))
},
init: function(res){
const canvas = res[0].node
const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
this.data.canvas = canvas;
this.data.ctx = ctx;
const dpr = wx.getSystemInfoSync().pixelRatio
canvas.width = res[0].width * dpr
canvas.height = res[0].height * dpr
ctx.scale(dpr, dpr)
// ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 100, 100)
},
downEvent: function(e) {
this.data.moveFlag = true;
this.data.has = [];
this.data.upof = this.getXY(e);
this.data.startOf = this.data.upof;
},
getXY: function(e) {
var et = e.touches ? e.touches[0] : e;
var x = et.x;
var y = et.y;
return {
x: x,
y: y,
}
},
distance: function(a, b) {
var x = b.x - a.x,
y = b.y - a.y;
return Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
},
moveEvent: function(e) {
if (!this.data.moveFlag){
return;
}
// e.preventDefault();
var of = this.getXY(e);
var up = this.data.upof;
var ur = this.data.radius;
this.data.has.unshift({
time: new Date().getTime(),
dis: this.distance(up, of )
});
var dis = 0;
var time = 0;
for (var n = 0; n < this.data.has.length - 1; n++) {
dis += this.data.has[n].dis;
time += this.data.has[n].time - this.data.has[n + 1].time;
if (dis > this.data.smoothness)
break;
}
var or = Math.min(time / dis * this.data.linePressure + this.data.lineMin, this.data.lineMax) / 2;
this.data.radius = or;
this.data.upof = of ;
if (dis < 7)
return;
if (this.data.startOf) {
up = this.data.startOf;
ur = or;
this.data.startOf = null;
this.data.history.push([]);
}
var len = Math.ceil(this.distance(up, of ) / 2);
for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
var x = up.x + ( of .x - up.x) / len * i;
var y = up.y + ( of .y - up.y) / len * i;
var r = ur + (or - ur) / len * i;
this.data.ctx.beginPath();
this.data.ctx.arc(x, y, r, 0, 2 * Math.PI, true);
this.data.ctx.fillStyle = '#1aad19'
this.data.ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(1,1,1,0)'
this.data.ctx.fill()
this.data.ctx.stroke()
this.data.history[this.data.history.length - 1].push(x, y, r);
}
},
upEvent: function (e) {
this.data.moveFlag = false;
},
clear: function () {
this.data.history = [];
this.data.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.data.canvas.width, this.data.canvas.height);
},
historyBack: function () {
this.data.history.pop();
this.data.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.data.canvas.width, this.data.canvas.height);
for (var i = 0; i < this.data.history.length; i++) {
var h = this.data.history[i];
for (var j = 0; j < h.length; j += 3) {
this.data.ctx.beginPath();
this.data.ctx.arc(h[j], h[j + 1], h[j + 2], 0, 2 * Math.PI, true);
this.data.ctx.fill();
}
}
},
})
wxss:
/* pages/sign/sign.wxss */
#canvasId {
width: 100%;
height: 500px;
background-color: #ffd;
}
#body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
text-align: center;
background-color: #936;
}
注意有坑：
-
canvas标签在微信当中必须要有canvas-id属性，否则这个标签会被自动隐藏。
-
注意调试基础库，如果版本过低，不支持canvas标签还没啥显著提示。
-
打开真机调试无法调试canvas，但是预览中可以生鲜。调试时它不会生效。这并不仅仅是我自己的问题，论坛里同样有人在问，不知道此时是否已经解决。
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