The graph does not include the study by Frassetto, et al, as it controlled for calories to make sure the participants didn't lose weight (4).
It’s worth noting the following:
None of the participants had instructions to restrictcalories, but they spontaneously reduced calorie intake by 300–900 calories per day.
The participants ate fewercarbsand more protein than in their usual diet.
The graph below shows the effect on waist circumference. This is a marker for a type of visceral fat that accumulates around the organs, as well as a risk factor for various diseases.
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