转：http://www.runoob.com/design-pattern/filter-pattern.html
过滤器模式
过滤器模式（Filter Pattern）或标准模式（Criteria Pattern）是一种设计模式，这种模式允许开发人员使用不同的标准来过滤一组对象，通过逻辑运算以解耦的方式把它们连接起来。这种类型的设计模式属于结构型模式，它结合多个标准来获得单一标准。
实现
我们将创建一个 Person 对象、Criteria 接口和实现了该接口的实体类，来过滤 Person 对象的列表。CriteriaPatternDemo，我们的演示类使用 Criteria 对象，基于各种标准和它们的结合来过滤 Person 对象的列表。
步骤 1
创建一个类，在该类上应用标准。
Person.java
public class Person {
private String name;
private String gender;
private String maritalStatus;
public Person(String name,String gender,String maritalStatus){ this.name = name;
this.gender = gender;
this.maritalStatus = maritalStatus;
}
public String getName() { return name;
} public String getGender() { return gender;
} public String getMaritalStatus() { return maritalStatus;
} }
步骤 2
为标准（Criteria）创建一个接口。
Criteria.java
import java.util.List;
public interface Criteria { public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons);}
步骤 3
创建实现了 Criteria 接口的实体类。
CriteriaMale.java
import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;
public class CriteriaMale implements Criteria {
@Override public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) { List<Person> malePersons = new ArrayList<Person>();
for (Person person : persons) { if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("MALE")){ malePersons.add(person);
} } return malePersons;
}}
CriteriaFemale.java
import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;
public class CriteriaFemale implements Criteria {
@Override public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) { List<Person> femalePersons = new ArrayList<Person>();
for (Person person : persons) { if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("FEMALE")){ femalePersons.add(person);
} } return femalePersons;
}}
CriteriaSingle.java
import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;
public class CriteriaSingle implements Criteria {
@Override public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) { List<Person> singlePersons = new ArrayList<Person>();
for (Person person : persons) { if(person.getMaritalStatus().equalsIgnoreCase("SINGLE")){ singlePersons.add(person);
} } return singlePersons;
}}
AndCriteria.java
import java.util.List;
public class AndCriteria implements Criteria {
private Criteria criteria;
private Criteria otherCriteria;
public AndCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) { this.criteria = criteria;
this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria;
}
@Override public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) { List<Person> firstCriteriaPersons = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
return otherCriteria.meetCriteria(firstCriteriaPersons);
}}
OrCriteria.java
import java.util.List;
public class OrCriteria implements Criteria {
private Criteria criteria;
private Criteria otherCriteria;
public OrCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) { this.criteria = criteria;
this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria;
}
@Override public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) { List<Person> firstCriteriaItems = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
List<Person> otherCriteriaItems = otherCriteria.meetCriteria(persons);
for (Person person : otherCriteriaItems) { if(!firstCriteriaItems.contains(person)){ firstCriteriaItems.add(person);
} }
return firstCriteriaItems;
}}
步骤4
使用不同的标准（Criteria）和它们的结合来过滤 Person 对象的列表。
CriteriaPatternDemo.java
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List;
public class CriteriaPatternDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();
persons.add(new Person("Robert","Male", "Single"));
persons.add(new Person("John","Male", "Married"));
persons.add(new Person("Laura","Female", "Married"));
persons.add(new Person("Diana","Female", "Single"));
persons.add(new Person("Mike","Male", "Single"));
persons.add(new Person("Bobby","Male", "Single"));
Criteria male = new CriteriaMale();
Criteria female = new CriteriaFemale();
Criteria single = new CriteriaSingle();
Criteria singleMale = new AndCriteria(single, male);
Criteria singleOrFemale = new OrCriteria(single, female);
System.out.println("Males: ");
printPersons(male.meetCriteria(persons));
System.out.println("\nFemales: ");
printPersons(female.meetCriteria(persons));
System.out.println("\nSingle Males: ");
printPersons(singleMale.meetCriteria(persons));
System.out.println("\nSingle Or Females: ");
printPersons(singleOrFemale.meetCriteria(persons));
}
public static void printPersons(List<Person> persons){ for (Person person : persons) { System.out.println("Person : [ Name : " + person.getName()
+", Gender : " + person.getGender()
+", Marital Status : " + person.getMaritalStatus() +" ]");
} } }
步骤 5
执行程序，输出结果：
Males:
Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : John, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Married ]
Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Females:
Person : [ Name : Laura, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Married ]
Person : [ Name : Diana, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Single ]
Single Males:
Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Single Or Females:
Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Diana, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Laura, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Married ]
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