Spring 3 MVC hello world example

作者: lovePython | 来源:发表于2015-08-19 10:10 被阅读111次

Spring 3 MVC hello world example
Spring 3 MVC hello world example
Spring 3 MVC hello world example
Spring 3 MVC hello world example
Spring MVC hello world example
Spring MVC hello world example
Spring 3 hello world example
Spring 3 hello world example
Spring 3 hello world example
Maven + Spring mvc：前端向后端传递数据

Technologies used :

Spring 3.2.13.RELEASE
Maven 3
JDK 1.6
Tomcat 7 or Jetty 9
Eclipse 4.4
Boostrap 3

1. Project Structure

Download the project source code and review the project folder structure :

spring3-mvc-hello-world-annotation.png
P.S No more XML files like web.xml or any other Spring XML configuration files.

2. Maven

2.1 A pom.xml template to quick start a Spring MVC project. To compile this project, we need to add a `servlet-api` dependency.

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.mkyong</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring3-mvc-maven-annotation-hello-world</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>spring mvc</name>
    <properties>
        <jdk.version>1.6</jdk.version>
        <spring.version>3.2.13.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
        <servletapi.version>3.1.0</servletapi.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>${jstl.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- compile only, deployed container will provide this -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>${servletapi.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${jdk.version}</source>
                    <target>${jdk.version}</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- embedded Jetty server, for testing -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
                <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>9.2.11.v20150529</version>
                <configuration>
                    <scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds>
                    <webApp>
                        <contextPath>/spring3</contextPath>
                    </webApp>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- configure Eclipse workspace -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.9</version>
                <configuration>
                    <downloadSources>true</downloadSources>
                    <downloadJavadocs>true</downloadJavadocs>
                    <wtpversion>2.0</wtpversion>
                    <wtpContextName>spring3</wtpContextName>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

2.2 To compile this project and make it supports Eclipse IDE.

Terminal

$ mvn eclipse:eclipse

3. Spring Controller

HelloController.java

package com.mkyong.web.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class HelloController { 
    @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET) 
    public String printWelcome(ModelMap model) { 
        model.addAttribute("message", "Spring 3 MVC Hello World"); 
        return "hello"; } 

    @RequestMapping(value = "/hello/{name:.+}", method = RequestMethod.GET) 
    public ModelAndView hello(@PathVariable("name") String name) { 
        ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView(); 
        model.setViewName("hello"); 
        model.addObject("msg", name); 
        return model; 
    }
}

4. JSP Views

A JSP page to display the value, and include bootstrap css and js.

html4strict

<html lang="en">
 <head></head>
 <body>
  &lt;%@ taglib prefix=&quot;spring&quot; uri=&quot;http://www.springframework.org/tags&quot;%&gt; &lt;%@ taglib prefix=&quot;c&quot; uri=&quot;http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core&quot;%&gt;    
  <spring:url value="/resources/core/css/hello.css" var="coreCss" /> 
  <spring:url value="/resources/core/css/bootstrap.min.css" var="bootstrapCss" /> 
  <link href="${bootstrapCss}" rel="stylesheet" /> 
  <link href="${coreCss}" rel="stylesheet" />  
  <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top"> 
   <div class="container"> 
    <div class="navbar-header"> 
     <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Spring 3 MVC Project @JavaConfig</a> 
    </div> 
   </div>
  </nav> 
  <div class="jumbotron"> 
   <div class="container"> 
    <h1>${title}</h1> 
    <p> 
     <c:if test="${not empty name}">
       Hello ${name} 
     </c:if> 
     <c:if test="${empty name}">
       Welcome Welcome! 
     </c:if> </p> 
    <p> <a class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" href="#" role="button">Learn more</a> </p> 
   </div>
  </div> 
  <div class="container"> 
   <div class="row"> 
    <div class="col-md-4"> 
     <h2>Heading</h2> 
     <p>ABC</p> 
     <p> <a class="btn btn-default" href="#" role="button">View details</a> </p> 
    </div> 
    <div class="col-md-4"> 
     <h2>Heading</h2> 
     <p>ABC</p> 
     <p> <a class="btn btn-default" href="#" role="button">View details</a> </p> 
    </div> 
    <div class="col-md-4"> 
     <h2>Heading</h2> 
     <p>ABC</p> 
     <p> <a class="btn btn-default" href="#" role="button">View details</a> </p> 
    </div> 
   </div> 
   <hr /> 
   <footer> 
    <p>&copy; Mkyong.com 2015</p> 
   </footer>
  </div> 
  <spring:url value="/resources/core/css/hello.js" var="coreJs" />
  <spring:url value="/resources/core/css/bootstrap.min.js" var="bootstrapJs" /> 
  <script src="${coreJs}"></script>
  <script src="${bootstrapJs}"></script>
  <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.2/jquery.min.js"></script> 
 </body>
</html>

5. Spring @JavaConfig

SpringWebConfig.java

package com.mkyong.config; 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView; 

@EnableWebMvc //mvc:annotation-driven
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({ "com.mkyong.web" })
public class SpringWebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { 
    @Override 
    public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {   
        registry.addResourceHandler("/resources/**").addResourceLocations("/resources/"); 
    } 
    
    @Bean 
    public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver() { 
        InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();  
        viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class); 
        viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/jsp/"); 
        viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp"); 
        return viewResolver; 
    } 
}

XML equivalent.

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
            xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
            xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
            xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
                                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 
                                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
                                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd 
                                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"> 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.mkyong.web" /> 
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> 
        <property name="prefix"> 
            <value>/WEB-INF/views/jsp/</value> 
        </property> 
        <property name="suffix"> 
            <value>.jsp</value> 
        </property>
    </bean> 
    <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" /> 
    <mvc:annotation-driven /> 
</beans>

6. Servlet 3.0+ Container

Create a ServletInitializer class by extending AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer, the Servlet 3.0+ container will pick up this class and run it automatically. This is the replacement for web.xml.

MyWebInitializer.java

package com.mkyong.servlet3;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
import com.mkyong.config.SpringWebConfig;
public class MyWebInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {  
    @Override 
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() { 
        return new Class[] { 
            SpringWebConfig.class 
        }; 
    } 

    @Override 
    protected String[] getServletMappings() { 
        return new String[] { "/" }; 
    } 

    @Override 
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() { return null; }
}

7. Demo

Download the project and run it with the embedded Jetty container.
Terminal

$ mvn jetty:run

URL : http://localhost:8080/spring3

spring3-mvc-maven-xml-demo.png

URL : http://localhost:8080/spring3/hello/mkyong

spring3-mvc-maven-xml-demo2.png

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