前言

之前在kubernetes中完成的所有操作都是通过命令行工具kubectl完成的。其实，为了提供更丰富的用户体验，kubernetes还开发了一个基于web的用户界面（Dashboard）。用户可以使用Dashboard部署容器化的应用，还可以监控应用的状态，执行故障排查以及管理kubernetes中各种资源。

k8s管理界面
这里主要列举以下3个：

官方的kubernetes-dashboard
Rancher
Kuboard

部署Dashboard

下载yaml，并运行Dashboard

# 下载yaml
[root@master ~]# wget  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

# 修改kubernetes-dashboard的Service类型
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  type: NodePort  # 新增
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
      nodePort: 30009  # 新增
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

# 部署
[root@master ~]# kubectl create -f recommended.yaml

# 查看namespace下的kubernetes-dashboard下的资源
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                                            READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
pod/dashboard-metrics-scraper-c79c65bb7-tqjfc   1/1     Running             0          9s
pod/kubernetes-dashboard-56484d4c5-7zr99        0/1     ContainerCreating   0          9s

NAME                                TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.106.110.241   <none>        8000/TCP        9s
service/kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.102.61.36     <none>        443:30009/TCP   9s

2）创建访问账户，获取token

# 创建账号
[root@master ~]# kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kubernetes-dashboard
serviceaccount/dashboard-admin created

# 授权
[root@master ~]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin-rb --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kubernetes-dashboard:dashboard-admin
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/dashboard-admin-rb created

# 获取账号token
[root@master ~]#  kubectl get secrets -n kubernetes-dashboard | grep dashboard-admin
dashboard-admin-token-zgfsk        kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      65s

[root@master ~]# kubectl describe secrets dashboard-admin-token-zgfsk -n kubernetes-dashboard
Name:         dashboard-admin-token-zgfsk
Namespace:    kubernetes-dashboard
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: dashboard-admin
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: f5cfc9d5-902e-418a-b12f-d74d73e510aa

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
ca.crt:     1025 bytes
namespace:  20 bytes
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjM2eFk5WjNQZDYtZkFWQ2w5cWhONjBhVm5PYnFJS1cyV3JsS2czOU1XSEkifQ.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.H22cykLA6aOIrQaAdIdPMqqGjD4LwKw9DFIkFxJz0EUcU8GLrjon_kzxb-1JM8HY0PFrbchnEnCWZp1sOTPD5JibLh6-BpYAOR6OHYyaQKVAw9BVqKIWe7EkFQvKoah52CCEdOEN4NFdX-8m_rRWxRlJajN_NrzbVW1t1SbuVomRlxcZfDaMNsN4i1FEL08vl0ku171H50BpmC0L-PaGM-B9a2haz91uafCeWv51cPrmuYB6UCbDALZfFTcLSlje2IGuIjv408_EF8u3bfLmfTgwr3UDK6QHD1mCoyPNjwMNIVyUmnCS_4CiRZNSzCqkttJP8LCDWTsVRXKpSxgvCw

3）通过浏览器访问Dashboard的UI

在登录页面上输入上面的token