一、API(类)
二、API(成员变量)
三、API(属性)
四、API(方法)
代码
---------------------------MJCar.h-------------------------
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface MJCar : NSObject
-(void)run;
@end
---------------------------MJCar.m---------------------------
#import "MJCar.h"
@implementation MJCar
-(void)run{
NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
}
@end
---------------------------MJPerson.h--------------------------
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface MJPerson : NSObject
-(void)run;
-(void)test;
@property(nonatomic,assign)int age;
@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *name;
@end
----------------------------MJPerson.m--------------------------
#import "MJPerson.h"
@implementation MJPerson
-(void)run{
NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
}
-(void)test{
NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
}
@end
-------------------------------Main.m-----------------------------
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "MJPerson.h"
#import "MJCar.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
void run (id self,SEL _cmd){
NSLog(@"%@ - %@",self,NSStringFromSelector(_cmd));
}
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
@autoreleasepool {
MJPerson *person = [[MJPerson alloc] init];
// [person run];
//1.获取isa指向的Class
// NSLog(@"%p %p",object_getClass([MJPerson class]),[MJPerson class]);
//2.设置isa指向的Class
// object_setClass(person, [MJCar class]);
// [person run];
//3.判断一个OC对象是否为Class
// NSLog(@"%d %d %d",object_isClass(person),object_isClass([MJPerson class]),object_isClass(object_getClass([MJPerson class])));
//4.动态创建一个类(参数:父类,类名,额外的内存空间)
Class newClass = objc_allocateClassPair([NSObject class], "MJDog", 0);
//5.动态添加成员变量(已经注册的类是不能动态添加成员变量的)
class_addIvar(newClass, "_age", 4, 1, @encode(int));
class_addIvar(newClass, "_weight", 4, 1, @encode(int));
//6.动态的添加方法
class_addMethod(newClass, @selector(run), (IMP)run, "v@:");
//注册类
objc_registerClassPair(newClass);
id dog = [[newClass alloc] init];
[dog setValue:@10 forKeyPath:@"_age"];
[dog setValue:@100 forKeyPath:@"_weight"];
// NSLog(@"age is %@,weight is %@",[dog valueForKeyPath:@"_age"],[dog valueForKeyPath:@"_weight"]); NSLog(@"%ld",class_getInstanceSize(newClass));
// [dog run];
//在不需要这个newClass类时要释放
// objc_disposeClassPair(newClass);
//7.获取实例成员变量的相关信息
// Ivar ageIvar = class_getInstanceVariable([MJPerson class], "_age");
// NSLog(@"%s %s",ivar_getName(ageIvar),ivar_getTypeEncoding(ageIvar));
//8.设置和获取成员变量的值
Ivar nameIvar = class_getInstanceVariable([MJPerson class], "_name");
Ivar ageIvar = class_getInstanceVariable([MJPerson class], "_age");
object_setIvar(person, ageIvar, (__bridge id)(void *)10);
object_setIvar(person,nameIvar , @"jack");
// NSLog(@"age:%@,name:%@",person.age,person.name);
//9.拷贝实例变量列表(最后需要调用free释放)
// unsigned int count;
// Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList([MJPerson class], &count);
// for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
// //取出i位置的成员变量
// Ivar ivar = ivars[i];
// NSLog(@"%s %s",ivar_getName(ivar),ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar));
// }
// free(ivars);
//10.动态替换方法
class_replaceMethod([MJPerson class], @selector(run), (IMP)run, "v@:");
[person run];
//11.动态交换方法
Method runMethod = class_getInstanceMethod([MJPerson class], @selector(run));
Method testMethod = class_getInstanceMethod([MJPerson class], @selector(test));
method_exchangeImplementations(runMethod, testMethod);
// [person test];
}
return 0;
}
五、API(Runtime的应用)
六、Runtime的方法交换通常用在系统方法或一些框架中的方法
交换方法的原理:
- 1.交换Method中的imp指向的函数地址。
- 2.清空方法缓存列表。
源码分析:
-
1、拦截三个button的点击事件
- 1.当btton绑定事件后,触发事件时会调用-(void)sendAction:(SEL)action to:(id)target forEvent:(UIEvent *)event方法。
- 2.-(void)sendAction:(SEL)action to:(id)target forEvent:(UIEvent *)event方法会通知target调用action方法。
- 3.我们自定一个方法和系统方法进行交换达到拦截目的,还可以决定是不是要调用系统原来的方法。
如下代码:
-----------------------------------UIControl+Extension.h---------------------------------
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface UIControl (Extension)
@end
-----------------------------------UIControl+Extension.m---------------------------------
#import "UIControl+Extension.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
@implementation UIControl (Extension)
+ (void)load
{
// hook:钩子函数 (把系统自带的方法勾住,然后调用我们自己的实现)。
Method method1 = class_getInstanceMethod(self, @selector(sendAction:to:forEvent:));
Method method2 = class_getInstanceMethod(self, @selector(mj_sendAction:to:forEvent:));
method_exchangeImplementations(method1, method2);
}
- (void)mj_sendAction:(SEL)action to:(id)target forEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
NSLog(@"%@-%@-%@", self, target, NSStringFromSelector(action));
// 调用系统原来的实现
[self mj_sendAction:action to:target forEvent:event];
// [target performSelector:action];
// if ([self isKindOfClass:[UIButton class]]) {
// // 拦截了所有按钮的事件
//
// }
}
@end
-
2.拦截数组中系统方法
-
NSMutableArray
-
NSMutableArray
-
3.拦截字典中系统方法
-
NSMutableDictionary
s
-
NSMutableDictionary
-
NSDictionary的最终父类是:__NSDictionaryI
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