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13-Runtime(API)

13-Runtime(API)

作者: weyan | 来源:发表于2019-03-11 13:17 被阅读0次

    一、API(类)

    二、API(成员变量)

    三、API(属性)

    四、API(方法)

    代码

    ---------------------------MJCar.h-------------------------
    #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
    
    @interface MJCar : NSObject
    -(void)run;
    @end
    ---------------------------MJCar.m---------------------------
    #import "MJCar.h"
    
    @implementation MJCar
    -(void)run{
        NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
    }
    @end
    ---------------------------MJPerson.h--------------------------
    #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
    
    @interface MJPerson : NSObject
    -(void)run;
    -(void)test;
    @property(nonatomic,assign)int age;
    @property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *name;
    @end
    ----------------------------MJPerson.m--------------------------
    #import "MJPerson.h"
    
    @implementation MJPerson
    -(void)run{
        NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
    }
    -(void)test{
        NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
    }
    @end
    -------------------------------Main.m-----------------------------
    #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
    #import "MJPerson.h"
    #import "MJCar.h"
    #import <objc/runtime.h>
    
    void run (id self,SEL _cmd){
        NSLog(@"%@ - %@",self,NSStringFromSelector(_cmd));
    }
    
    int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
        @autoreleasepool {
            MJPerson *person = [[MJPerson alloc] init];
    //        [person run];
            //1.获取isa指向的Class
    //        NSLog(@"%p %p",object_getClass([MJPerson class]),[MJPerson class]);
            
            //2.设置isa指向的Class
    //        object_setClass(person, [MJCar class]);
    //        [person run];
            
            //3.判断一个OC对象是否为Class
    //        NSLog(@"%d %d %d",object_isClass(person),object_isClass([MJPerson class]),object_isClass(object_getClass([MJPerson class])));
            
            //4.动态创建一个类(参数:父类,类名,额外的内存空间)
           Class newClass = objc_allocateClassPair([NSObject class], "MJDog", 0);
            //5.动态添加成员变量(已经注册的类是不能动态添加成员变量的)
            class_addIvar(newClass, "_age", 4, 1, @encode(int));
            class_addIvar(newClass, "_weight", 4, 1, @encode(int));
            //6.动态的添加方法
            class_addMethod(newClass, @selector(run), (IMP)run, "v@:");
            //注册类
            objc_registerClassPair(newClass);
            
            id dog = [[newClass alloc] init];
            [dog setValue:@10 forKeyPath:@"_age"];
            [dog setValue:@100 forKeyPath:@"_weight"];
    //        NSLog(@"age is %@,weight is %@",[dog valueForKeyPath:@"_age"],[dog valueForKeyPath:@"_weight"]); NSLog(@"%ld",class_getInstanceSize(newClass));
    //        [dog run];
            //在不需要这个newClass类时要释放
    //        objc_disposeClassPair(newClass);
            //7.获取实例成员变量的相关信息
    //        Ivar ageIvar = class_getInstanceVariable([MJPerson class], "_age");
    //        NSLog(@"%s %s",ivar_getName(ageIvar),ivar_getTypeEncoding(ageIvar));
            //8.设置和获取成员变量的值
            Ivar nameIvar = class_getInstanceVariable([MJPerson class], "_name");
            Ivar ageIvar = class_getInstanceVariable([MJPerson class], "_age");
            object_setIvar(person, ageIvar, (__bridge id)(void *)10);
            object_setIvar(person,nameIvar , @"jack");
            //        NSLog(@"age:%@,name:%@",person.age,person.name);
            //9.拷贝实例变量列表(最后需要调用free释放)
    //        unsigned int count;
    //        Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList([MJPerson class], &count);
    //        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    //            //取出i位置的成员变量
    //            Ivar ivar = ivars[i];
    //            NSLog(@"%s %s",ivar_getName(ivar),ivar_getTypeEncoding(ivar));
    //        }
    //        free(ivars);
            //10.动态替换方法
            class_replaceMethod([MJPerson class], @selector(run), (IMP)run, "v@:");
            [person run];
            //11.动态交换方法
            Method runMethod = class_getInstanceMethod([MJPerson class], @selector(run));
            Method testMethod = class_getInstanceMethod([MJPerson class], @selector(test));
            method_exchangeImplementations(runMethod, testMethod);
    //        [person test];
        }
        return 0;
    }
    

    五、API(Runtime的应用)

    六、Runtime的方法交换通常用在系统方法或一些框架中的方法

    交换方法的原理:

    • 1.交换Method中的imp指向的函数地址。
    • 2.清空方法缓存列表。

    源码分析:

    • 1、拦截三个button的点击事件
      • 1.当btton绑定事件后,触发事件时会调用-(void)sendAction:(SEL)action to:(id)target forEvent:(UIEvent *)event方法。
      • 2.-(void)sendAction:(SEL)action to:(id)target forEvent:(UIEvent *)event方法会通知target调用action方法。
      • 3.我们自定一个方法和系统方法进行交换达到拦截目的,还可以决定是不是要调用系统原来的方法。
        如下代码:
    -----------------------------------UIControl+Extension.h---------------------------------
    #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
    
    @interface UIControl (Extension)
    
    @end
    -----------------------------------UIControl+Extension.m---------------------------------
    #import "UIControl+Extension.h"
    #import <objc/runtime.h>
    
    @implementation UIControl (Extension)
    
    + (void)load
    {
        // hook:钩子函数 (把系统自带的方法勾住,然后调用我们自己的实现)。
        Method method1 = class_getInstanceMethod(self, @selector(sendAction:to:forEvent:));
        Method method2 = class_getInstanceMethod(self, @selector(mj_sendAction:to:forEvent:));
        method_exchangeImplementations(method1, method2);
    }
    
    - (void)mj_sendAction:(SEL)action to:(id)target forEvent:(UIEvent *)event
    {
        NSLog(@"%@-%@-%@", self, target, NSStringFromSelector(action));
        
        // 调用系统原来的实现
        [self mj_sendAction:action to:target forEvent:event];
        
    //    [target performSelector:action];
        
    //    if ([self isKindOfClass:[UIButton class]]) {
    //        // 拦截了所有按钮的事件
    //
    //    }
    }
    
    @end
    
    • 2.拦截数组中系统方法
      • NSMutableArray
    • 3.拦截字典中系统方法
      • NSMutableDictionary
        s
    • NSDictionary的最终父类是:__NSDictionaryI

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