The Twelve Factors

I. Codebase

One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys

II. Dependencies

Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies

III. Config

Store config in the environment

IV. Backing services

Treat backing services as attached resources

V. Build, release, run

Strictly separate build and run stages

VI. Processes

Execute the app as one or more stateless processes

VII. Port binding

Export services via port binding

VIII. Concurrency

Scale out via the process model

IX. Disposability

Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown

X. Dev/prod parity

Keep development, staging, and production as similar as possible

XI. Logs

Treat logs as event streams

XII. Admin processes

Run admin/management tasks as one-off processes

十二因素

一、代码库
在修订控制中跟踪一个代码库，许多部署
二、依赖关系
显式声明和隔离依赖关系
三、配置
在环境中存储配置
四。后援服务
将备份服务视为附加资源
五、构建、发布、运行
严格分离构建和运行阶段
六、流程
将应用程序作为一个或多个无状态进程执行
七、端口绑定
通过端口绑定导出服务
八、并发
通过流程模型横向扩展
九、一次性性
通过快速启动和平稳关闭，最大限度地提高鲁棒性
十、开发/产品奇偶校验
保持开发、分期和生产尽可能相似
十一、日志
将日志视为事件流
十二。管理进程
将管理/管理任务作为一次性流程运行