以前觉得用安卓画一个折线图好难,当然github上也有很多方便的框架,几行代码就可以实现一个折线图,而且各种样式都有,但是别人的框架毕竟是为了满足大众的需求,没有专一性,正好前几天接了一个私活,要用到折线图,时间也比较充足,就试着自己写一个玩玩。
经过仔细分析小米天气中的折线图后,发现其实写一个折线图是非常简单的。先上两张小米天气的折线图
图一 图二
如果我告诉你这两个图的实现思路是一样的,而且都很容易,你会不会很震惊。
其实是第二种图中“今天”那一项数据给提供了思路,没错,recyclerview。
拿第一张图片来分析
image.png
黑色部分框起来的就当做一个item,首先我们要把所有数据中的最大值和最小值取出来,如红线画住的部分,然后确定一个区间(y坐标),表示我们所有的点都要在这个区间内显示。图中当值为176表示最大,在第一个红线那个高度,44表示最小,在第二条直线那个高度,这两个高度是我们指定的,那么70这个值对应的高度很明显就可以计算出来,103的高度也可以计算出来,70和103的中间值,也就是图中第一个红圈圈住的地方的高度也可以确定出来,同理,第三个小圆圈也知道了,然后第一个小圆圈和第二个连线,第二个和第三个连线,这就画好了一个item的折线。多个item连接起来就是上面的效果。
第二张图思路也是一样的,只不过在一个item上画了两个折线,如图中黑线框住的区域
image.png
思路就是这样,是不是很简单了,当然前提要掌握view的绘制,因为每一个item都是继承自view,然后绘制的。
上代码,总共就三个java文件,也不用布局文件,直接导进去就可以看效果。记得依赖recyclerview的库哦。代码注释也写得比较清楚,主要代码就是那个item
item的代码
package com.xk.linedemo;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
/**
* Created by xuekai on 2016/11/10.
*/
public class Item extends View {
private int maxValue;//最高值
private int minValue;//最低值
private int currentValue = 15;//当前值
private int lastValue = 10;//上一个值
private int nextValue = 10;//下一个值
private Paint mPaint;
private int viewHeight;
private int viewWidth;
private int pointTopY = 130;//最高点的Y坐标 130
private int pointBottomY = 255;//最低点的Y坐标 255
private int pointX;//所有点的x坐标
private int pointY;//当前点的Y
private boolean drawLeftLine = true;//是否画左边的线
private boolean drawRightLine = true;//是否画右边的线
public Item(Context context) {
super(context);
init();
setBackgroundColor(0xffffffff);
}
public void setCurrentValue(int currentValue) {
this.currentValue = currentValue;
invalidate();
}
public void setMaxValue(int maxValue) {
this.maxValue = maxValue;
}
public void setMinValue(int minValue) {
this.minValue = minValue;
}
private void init() {
mPaint = new Paint();
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
initValues();
}
private void initValues() {
viewHeight = getMeasuredHeight();
viewWidth = getMeasuredWidth();
pointX = viewWidth / 2;
}
@Override
public void draw(Canvas canvas) {
super.draw(canvas);
pointY = (int) ((pointBottomY - pointTopY) * 1f / (maxValue - minValue) * (maxValue - currentValue + minValue) + pointTopY);
drawLine(canvas);
drawGraph(canvas);
drawPoint(canvas);
drawValue(canvas);
Log.e("Item", "" + lastValue + " " + currentValue + " " + nextValue);
}
/**
* 画数字
*
* @param canvas
*/
private void drawValue(Canvas canvas) {
mPaint.setTextSize(20);
mPaint.setColor(Color.parseColor("#ff333333"));
mPaint.setStrokeWidth(0);
mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
mPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
Paint.FontMetrics fontMetrics = mPaint.getFontMetrics();
float baseLine1 = pointY - fontMetrics.bottom * 4;
canvas.drawText(currentValue + "", viewWidth / 2, baseLine1, mPaint);
}
public void setlastValue(int lastValue) {
this.lastValue = lastValue;
}
public void setNextValue(int nextValue) {
this.nextValue = nextValue;
}
/**
* 画折线
*
* @param canvas
*/
private void drawGraph(Canvas canvas) {
mPaint.setPathEffect(null);
mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
mPaint.setColor(0xff24C3F1);
mPaint.setStrokeWidth(3);
mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
if (drawLeftLine) {
float middleValue = currentValue - (currentValue - lastValue) / 2f;
float middleY = ((pointBottomY - pointTopY) * 1f / (maxValue - minValue) * (maxValue - middleValue + minValue) + pointTopY);
canvas.drawLine(0, middleY, pointX, pointY, mPaint);
}
if (drawRightLine) {
float middleValue = currentValue - (currentValue - nextValue) / 2f;
float middleY = ((pointBottomY - pointTopY) * 1f / (maxValue - minValue) * (maxValue - middleValue + minValue) + pointTopY);
canvas.drawLine(pointX, pointY, viewWidth, middleY, mPaint);
}
}
/**
* 画数字下面的小圆圈
*
* @param canvas
*/
private void drawPoint(Canvas canvas) {
mPaint.setColor(0xffffffff);
mPaint.setPathEffect(null);
mPaint.setStrokeWidth(2);
mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
canvas.drawCircle(pointX, pointY, 10, mPaint);
mPaint.setColor(0xff24C3F1);
mPaint.setStrokeWidth(2);
mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
canvas.drawCircle(pointX, pointY, 5, mPaint);
}
/**
* 画最下面的一条线
*
* @param canvas
*/
private void drawLine(Canvas canvas) {
mPaint.setColor(0xffD3D3D3);
mPaint.setPathEffect(null);
mPaint.setStrokeWidth(2);
mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
if (drawLeftLine) {
canvas.drawLine(0, 500, viewWidth / 2, 500, mPaint);//这两个值表示下面那条横线的Y坐标(第二四个参数)
}
if (drawRightLine) {
canvas.drawLine(viewWidth / 2, 500, viewWidth, 500, mPaint);//这两个值表示下面那条横线的Y坐标(第二四个参数)
}
}
public void setDrawLeftLine(boolean drawLeftLine) {
this.drawLeftLine = drawLeftLine;
}
public void setDrawRightLine(boolean drawRightLine) {
this.drawRightLine = drawRightLine;
}
}
折线view的代码
package com.xk.linedemo;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by xk on 2016/11/9 22:14.
*/
public class BrokenLineView extends RecyclerView {
private int maxValue;
private int minValue;
private List<Integer> data = new ArrayList<>();
private Adapter adapter;
public BrokenLineView(Context context) {
super(context);
init();
}
private void init() {
setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(getContext(), LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL, false));
adapter = new Adapter();
setAdapter(adapter);
}
public void setData(List<Integer> d) {
if (data != null) {
data.clear();
data.addAll(d);
Collections.sort(d);
minValue = d.get(0);
maxValue = d.get(d.size() - 1);
adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
class Adapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<Adapter.ViewHolder> {
@Override
public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
Item item = new Item(getContext());
item.setMinValue(minValue);
item.setMaxValue(maxValue);
LayoutParams layoutParams = new LayoutParams(200, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);//这个数字表示每一个item的宽度
item.setLayoutParams(layoutParams);
return new ViewHolder(item);
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
if (position == 0) {
holder.item.setDrawLeftLine(false);
} else {
holder.item.setDrawLeftLine(true);
holder.item.setlastValue((data.get(position - 1)));
}
holder.item.setCurrentValue((data.get(position)));
if (position == data.size() - 1) {
holder.item.setDrawRightLine(false);
} else {
holder.item.setDrawRightLine(true);
holder.item.setNextValue((data.get(position + 1)));
}
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return data.size();
}
class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
Item item;
public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
this.item = (Item) itemView;
}
}
}
}
MainActivity的代码
package com.xk.linedemo;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
BrokenLineView brokenLineView = new BrokenLineView(this);
ArrayList<Integer> integers = new ArrayList<>();
integers.add(2);
integers.add(12);
integers.add(21);
integers.add(4);
integers.add(7);
integers.add(18);
integers.add(30);
brokenLineView.setData(integers);
setContentView(brokenLineView);
}
}
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