Windows安装Docker

环境依赖

windows10之前：安装Docker Toolbox，Dockbox Toolbox使用Oracle Virtual Box而不是Hyper-V

windows10:使用Hyper-V

启用Hyper-V

打开控制面板 - 程序和功能 - 启用或关闭Windows功能，勾选Hyper-V，然后点击确定即可

CPU开启虚拟机

ctrl+alt+delte,选择任务管理器，然后选中性能标签，然后选中CPU，然后查看虚拟化是否启用，确保状态为已启用

安装docker for Windows

Docker下载地址为：https://store.docker.com/editions/community/docker-ce-desktop-windows 即可下载安装包,在安装过程中会重启电脑，这点需要注意，注意防止数据丢失。

https://www.cnblogs.com/5bug/p/8506085.html

启动docker

在桌面找到Docker for Windows快捷方式，双击启动即可！启动成功后托盘处会有一个小鲸鱼的图标。打开命令行输入命令：docker version可以查看当前docker版本号

查看版本

C:\Users\Administrator>docker version
Client:
 Version:           18.06.1-ce
 API version:       1.38
 Go version:        go1.10.3
 Git commit:        e68fc7a
 Built:             Tue Aug 21 17:21:34 2018
 OS/Arch:           windows/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server:
 Engine:
  Version:          18.06.1-ce
  API version:      1.38 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.10.3
  Git commit:       e68fc7a
  Built:            Tue Aug 21 17:29:02 2018
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false

C:\Users\Administrator>

配置国内镜像

https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/1876c8525ad73c890a137673.html

{
  "registry-mirrors": [
    "https://b7j3uwrc.mirror.aliyuncs.com"
  ]
}

hello-world镜像

通过输入docker pull hello-world来拉取hello-world镜像

C:\Users\Administrator>docker run hello-world

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/


C:\Users\Administrator>

若是出现了上诉的内容则说明hello-world运行成功。

配置文件

C:\Users\Administrator.docker\daemon.json

https://blog.csdn.net/u013948858/article/details/80811986

镜像位置

镜像文件是存储在虚拟硬盘上，虚拟硬盘的位置为C:\Users\Public\Documents\Hyper-V\Virtual hard disks

https://blog.csdn.net/OnedayIlove/article/details/100556555

使用范例

tomat镜像

C:\Users\Administrator>docker run   tomcat  -p8080:8080
docker: Error response from daemon: OCI runtime create failed: container_linux.go:348: starting container process caused "exec: \"-p8080:8080\": executable file not found in $PATH": unknown.

C:\Users\Administrator>

解决: 将-p前移即可.

C:\Users\Administrator>docker run -p8080:8080  tomcat
11-Dec-2019 14:41:08.262 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version name:   Apache Tomcat/8.5.49
11-Dec-2019 14:41:08.288 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server built:          Nov 17 2019 18:45:30 UTC
11-Dec-2019 14:41:08.288 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version number: 8.5.49.0
11-Dec-2019 14:41:08.288 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Name:               Linux 

镜像删除

C:\Users\Administrator>docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES

C:\Users\Administrator>docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
tomcat              latest              6408fdc94212        2 weeks ago         507MB
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        11 months ago       1.84kB
gcplot/gcplot       latest              6f2d2b5fffc8        23 months ago       1.03GB

C:\Users\Administrator>docker rmi -f 6f2d2b5fffc8
Untagged: gcplot/gcplot:latest
Untagged: gcplot/gcplot@sha256:911225b14e3e964f8e6e60526ff823e5711a20f009728c7568ba2e3946e11530
Deleted: sha256:6f2d2b5fffc8a24465febdf97b7f6f46a0c5c7a35e55619b8f4776a44de95ea5

C:\Users\Administrator>

镜像导出

把镜像存出到本地文件，可以使用docker save命令

C:\Users\Administrator>docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
tomcat              latest              6408fdc94212        2 weeks ago         507MB
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        11 months ago       1.84kB
gcplot/gcplot       latest              6f2d2b5fffc8        23 months ago       1.03GB
C:\Users\Administrator>docker save -o C:\images\gcplot.tar gcplot/gcplot:latest

docker save –o /data/testimage.tar testimage:latest

载入镜像

C:\Users\Administrator>docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
tomcat              latest              6408fdc94212        2 weeks ago         507MB
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        11 months ago       1.84kB

C:\Users\Administrator>docker load --input C:\images\gcplot.tar
Loaded image: gcplot/gcplot:latest

C:\Users\Administrator>docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
tomcat              latest              6408fdc94212        2 weeks ago         507MB
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        11 months ago       1.84kB
gcplot/gcplot       latest              6f2d2b5fffc8        23 months ago       1.03GB

C:\Users\Administrator>