译者注:直译为空间着色器下文中直接意译成3D着色器
3D着色器(Spatial shaders)
3D着色器用于对3D对象进行着色。它们是Godot提供的最复杂的着色器类型。3D着色器可以使用不同的渲染模式render mode和渲染选项(render option,例如:次表面散射Subsurface Scattering，透射Transmission，环境光遮挡Ambient Occlusion，光晕Rim lighting等)，以实现高度的可定制化。用户可以选择性地编写顶点，片元以及光函数来影响物体的渲染。
渲染模式(Render modes)
| 渲染模式 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| blend_mix | 混合式融合(mix blend)模式 (用alpha作透明通道),此模式为默认模式. |
| blend_add | 添加式融合(additive blend) 模式. |
| blend_sub | 相减式融合(subtractive blend) 模式. |
| blend_mul | 相减式融合(multiplicative blend)模式. |
| depth_draw_opaque | 只绘制不透明几何体的深度，而不绘制透明几何体 |
| depth_draw_always | 绘制所有的几何体深度 (包括透明和不透明的). |
| depth_draw_never | 不绘制深度. |
| depth_draw_alpha_prepass | Do opaque depth pre-pass for transparent geometry. |
| depth_test_disable | 关闭深度测试 |
| cull_front | 剔除正面 |
| cull_back | 剔除背面 (默认项). |
| cull_disabled | Culling disabled (double sided). |
| unshaded | 只渲染慢反射.光照和着色器不对材质发生影响 |
| diffuse_lambert | Lambert shading for diffuse (default). |
| diffuse_lambert_wrap | Lambert wrapping (roughness dependent) for diffuse. |
| diffuse_oren_nayar | Oren Nayar for diffuse. |
| diffuse_burley | Burley (Disney PBS) for diffuse. |
| diffuse_toon | Toon shading for diffuse. |
| specular_schlick_ggx | Schlick-GGX for specular (default). |
| specular_blinn | Blinn for specular (compatibility). |
| specular_phong | Phong for specular (compatibility). |
| specular_toon | Toon for specular. |
| specular_disabled | Disable specular. |
| skip_vertex_transform | VERTEX/NORMAL/etc. need to be transformed manually in vertex function. |
| world_vertex_coords | VERTEX/NORMAL/etc. are modified in world coordinates instead of local. |
| ensure_correct_normals | Use when non-uniform scale is applied to mesh. |
| vertex_lighting | 使用基于顶点的光照 |
| shadows_disabled | Disable computing shaders in shader. |
| ambient_light_disabled | Disable contribution from ambient light and radiance map. |
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