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英语 珍 摘抄 之名称性从句

英语 珍 摘抄 之名称性从句

作者: 英会 | 来源:发表于2016-09-25 16:48 被阅读33次

    名词性从句(nominal clause)指在句子中起名词作用的主谓结构,引导名词性从句的有从属连词that、if和whether;

    连接代词which、what、who、whoever、whatever、和whichever;

    连接副词where、when、how及why等。

    名词性从句可在句子中作主语、主语补语、宾语、同位语和介词补足成分。

    照惯例看几个例句了解一下:

    Whether they can win the game depends on several factors.(作主语)

    That is what happened to him.(作主语补语)

    Please show me what you have written.(作宾语)

    The hope that he may recover is faint.(作同位语)

    I don't have the least interest in what he is doing.(作介词宾语)

                   whether V.S. if

    谈到名词性从句的重难点,那就不得不提whether和if的用法,虽然它们都有“是否”的含义,在一些情况下可以互换,但两者也有很多不同,主要分为两点:

    (1)我们上面提到了名词性从句可以充当很多成分,但是if引导的名词性从句只能做宾语成分,而whether引导的名词性从句能充当以上提到的任何成分:主语、主语补语、宾语、同位语和介词补足成分。

    作主语,whether不能改为if:

    Whether they will win or not makes no difference to me.

    作主语补语,whether不能改为if:

    The topic for discussion is whether the company should invest in the project.

    作宾语,可互换:

    I don't know whether/ if he will attend the lecture.

    作同位语,whether不能改为if:

    I have no idea whether they would like me.

    介词补足成分,whether不能改为if:

    I haven't settled the question of whether I'll marry him.

    (2)whether可直接与or not连用,if不可直接使用(或将or not后置);whether可与不定式连用,if不可以。

    e.g.I don't care whether or not he feels satisfied.(whether or not连用,不可用if)

    I don't care whether/ if he feels satisfied or not.(or not后置,whether或if都可以)

    The girl didn't know whether to leave or not.(后接不定式,不可用if)

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