• 字符操作 数组循环 异常
• 类 模块

字符操作 数组循环 异常

$ brew install ruby # 安装
$ irb

• % 取余
• << 字符接入，如 a<<b 为 b 接到 a 末尾
• * 字符循环
• 单引号字符原文输出
• 双引号字符转意输出

puts games.join(",") # 数组连接
if games.respond_to?("each") end # 判断是否为数组，或 respond_to?("each_with_index")

for game in gamelist do end # 循环
for num in 1..5 do end # 循环 1 到 5
for num in 1...5 do end # 循环 1 到 4

gamelist.each { |game| puts game }
gamelist.each do |game| puts game end
gamelist.each_with_index do |game,i| puts i.to_s + "." + game end

5.times do |i| # times 循环
    puts "第 #{i+1} 次times循环"
end

1.step(10,3) do |i| # step 循环
    puts "#{i}"
end

2.upto(5) do |i| # upto 循环
    puts "updo=" + i.to_s
end

5.downto(2) do |i| # downto 循环
    puts "downto=" + i.to_s
end

begin # 异常
    raise "my raise error!"
rescue => e
    puts e
else puts "正常处理"
ensure puts "扫尾处理"
end

类 模块

class Game
    attr_accessor :price # 定义存储属性，调用 mario.title 报错

    def initialize(title = "怪物猎人世界", price = 200)
        @title = title @price = price
    end
    def show() puts "标题：#{@title}" puts "价格：#{@price}" end
    def self.toStr puts "I love this game." end # 静态
end

puts Game.instance_methods(false) # 显示所有方法，false 为不显示父类方法

mario = Game.new("超级马里奥", 350)
if mario.respond_to?("show") # respond_to? 判断对象是否存在某方法，send 执行方法
    mario.send("show")
end

class SteamGame < Game end # 继承
module BaseFunc
    Version = "0.0.1" # 模块和类都正常调用

    def v return Version end
    def add(a, b) return a + b end # 模块不可调用
    def self.showVersion return Version end # 类不可调用
    module_function :v # 类不可调用
end

class BaseClass include BaseFunc end # 用模块创建类