Rxjava(3)

作者: Mr_468 | 来源:发表于2017-03-14 21:53 被阅读0次

    线程控制 —— Scheduler

    默认情况下, RxJava 遵循的是线程不变的原则,即:在哪个线程调用 subscribe(),就在哪个线程生产事件;在哪个线程生产事件,就在哪个线程消费事件。如果需要切换线程,就需要用到 Scheduler (调度器)。

    • Schedulers.immediate(): 直接在当前线程运行,相当于不指定线程。这是默认的 Scheduler。
    • Schedulers.trampoline():加入当前线程队列,待上一个工作完成后执行。
    • Schedulers.newThread(): 总是启用新线程,并在新线程执行操作。
    • Schedulers.io(): I/O 操作(读写文件、读写数据库、网络信息交互等)所使用的 Scheduler。行为模式和 newThread() 差不多,区别在于 io() 的内部实现是是用一个无数量上限的线程池,可以重用空闲的线程,因此多数情况下 io() 比 newThread() 更有效率。不要把计算工作放在 io() 中,可以避免创建不必要的线程。
    • Schedulers.computation(): 计算所使用的 Scheduler。这个计算指的是 CPU 密集型计算,即不会被 I/O 等操作限制性能的操作,例如图形的计算。这个 Scheduler 使用的固定的线程池,大小为 CPU 核数。不要把 I/O 操作放在 computation() 中,否则 I/O 操作的等待时间会浪费 CPU。
    • Android 还有一个专用的 AndroidSchedulers.mainThread(),它指定的操作将在 Android 主线程运行。

    可以使用 subscribeOn() 和 observeOn() 两个方法来对线程进行控制。

    • subscribeOn(): 指定 subscribe() 所发生的线程,即 Observable.OnSubscribe 被激活时所处的线程。或者叫做事件产生的线程。
    • observeOn(): 指定 Subscriber 所运行在的线程。或者叫做事件消费的线程。
    Observable.just(1,2,3)
                .observeOn(Schedulers.io())
                .subscribeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
                .subscribe(new Action1<Integer>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(Integer integer) {
                        Log.d(tag,integer);
                    }
                });
    

    先看Observable的observeOn方法

    public final Observable<T> observeOn(Scheduler scheduler) {
        if (this instanceof ScalarSynchronousObservable) { // just参数为1个的时候为真
            return ((ScalarSynchronousObservable<T>)this).scalarScheduleOn(scheduler);
        }
        //创建operator并把scheduler赋值给成员变量,调用lift方法,参数为operator
        //注意!!又是lift方法!
        return lift(new OperatorObserveOn<T>(scheduler));
    }
    // OperatorObserveOn类
    public final class OperatorObserveOn<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
          private final Scheduler scheduler;
          public OperatorObserveOn(Scheduler scheduler) {
              this.scheduler = scheduler;
          }
    }
    //Observable的lift方法
    public final <R> Observable<R> lift(final Operator<? extends R, ? super T> operator) {
      //创建一个新的Observable对象并返回 
       return new Observable<R>(new OnSubscribe<R>() {
            @Override
            public void call(Subscriber<? super R> o) {
                try {
                    // 返回传入的opetator对象,并调用它的call方法,参数是监听该Observable的subscriber
                    // 这里observeOn(scheduler)的参数如果是当前线程直接返回监听的subscriber对象
                    //如果线程改变,将scheduler和subscriber对象封装成ObserveOnSubscriber返回
                    Subscriber<? super T> st = hook.onLift(operator).call(o); 
                    try {
                        st.onStart(); //调用subscriber的onstart();
                        onSubscribe.call(st);//调用Observeable.onSubscribe.call(subscriber)方法。参数是call返回的ObserveOnSubscriber。即调用了ObserveOnSubscriber的onNext方法
                    } catch (Throwable e) {
                        Exceptions.throwIfFatal(e);
                        st.onError(e);
                    }
                } catch (Throwable e) {
                    Exceptions.throwIfFatal(e);
                    o.onError(e);
                }
            }
        });
    }
    //hook的onLift方法 返回传入的Operator对象
    public <T, R> Operator<? extends R, ? super T> onLift(final Operator<? extends R, ? super T> lift) {
        return lift;
    }
    //opetator的call方法,如果运行在当前线程直接返回subscriber,其他线程将scheduler和subscriber包装成ObserveOnSubscriber返回
    public Subscriber<? super T> call(Subscriber<? super T> child) {
        if (scheduler instanceof ImmediateScheduler) {//运行在当前线程
            return child;
        } else if (scheduler instanceof TrampolineScheduler) {//运行在当前线程
            return child;
        } else {
            ObserveOnSubscriber<T> parent = new ObserveOnSubscriber<T>(scheduler, child);
            parent.init();
            return parent;
        }
    }
     //ObserveOnSubscriber构造方法
    public ObserveOnSubscriber(Scheduler scheduler, Subscriber<? super T> child) {
            this.child = child;
            this.recursiveScheduler = scheduler.createWorker();
            if (UnsafeAccess.isUnsafeAvailable()) {
                queue = new SpscArrayQueue<Object>(RxRingBuffer.SIZE);
            } else {
                queue = new SynchronizedQueue<Object>(RxRingBuffer.SIZE);
            }
            this.scheduledUnsubscribe = new ScheduledUnsubscribe(recursiveScheduler);
        }
    //ObserveOnSubscriber   init方法
        void init() {
            child.add(scheduledUnsubscribe);
            child.setProducer(new Producer() {
                @Override
                public void request(long n) {
                    BackpressureUtils.getAndAddRequest(requested, n);
                    schedule();
                }
            });
            child.add(recursiveScheduler);
            child.add(this);
        }
      //ObserveOnSubscriber   的onStart方法
       @Override
        public void onStart() {
            // signal that this is an async operator capable of receiving this many
            request(RxRingBuffer.SIZE);
        }
        //ObserveOnSubscriber   的onNext方法  调用schedule
        public void onNext(final T t) {
            if (isUnsubscribed()) {
                return;
            }
            if (!queue.offer(on.next(t))) {
                onError(new MissingBackpressureException());
                return;
            }
            schedule();
        }
      
        protected void schedule() {
            if (counter.getAndIncrement() == 0) {
                recursiveScheduler.schedule(action); //最终在schedule线程调用action的call方法
            }
        }
          final Action0 action = new Action0() {
    
            @Override
            public void call() {
                pollQueue();
            }
        };
         // 最终在schedule线程调用subscriber的onNext方法
        void pollQueue() {
            int emitted = 0;
            final AtomicLong localRequested = this.requested;
            final AtomicLong localCounter = this.counter;
            do {
                localCounter.set(1);
                long produced = 0;
                long r = localRequested.get();
                for (;;) {
                    if (child.isUnsubscribed())
                        return;
                    Throwable error;
                    if (finished) {
                        if ((error = this.error) != null) {
                            // errors shortcut the queue so 
                            // release the elements in the queue for gc
                            queue.clear();
                            child.onError(error);
                            return;
                        } else
                        if (queue.isEmpty()) {
                            child.onCompleted();
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                    if (r > 0) {
                        Object o = queue.poll();
                        if (o != null) {
                            child.onNext(on.getValue(o));
                            r--;
                            emitted++;
                            produced++;
                        } else {
                            break;
                        }
                    } else {
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (produced > 0 && localRequested.get() != Long.MAX_VALUE) {
                    localRequested.addAndGet(-produced);
                }
            } while (localCounter.decrementAndGet() > 0);
            if (emitted > 0) {
                request(emitted);
            }
        }
    

    subscribeOn

    public final Observable<T> subscribeOn(Scheduler scheduler) {
        if (this instanceof ScalarSynchronousObservable) {
            return ((ScalarSynchronousObservable<T>)this).scalarScheduleOn(scheduler);
        }
        return nest().lift(new OperatorSubscribeOn<T>(scheduler)); // 熟悉的lift方法
    }
    public final Observable<Observable<T>> nest() {
        return just(this);
    }
    public final static <T> Observable<T> just(final T value) {
        return ScalarSynchronousObservable.create(value);
    }
    //Observable的lift方法
    public final <R> Observable<R> lift(final Operator<? extends R, ? super T> operator) {
      //创建一个新的Observable对象并返回 
       return new Observable<R>(new OnSubscribe<R>() {
            @Override
            public void call(Subscriber<? super R> o) {
                try {
                    // 调用OperatorSubscribeOn的call方法
                    // 这里observeOn(scheduler)的参数如果是当前线程直接返回监听的subscriber对象
                    //如果线程改变,将scheduler和subscriber对象封装成ObserveOnSubscriber返回
                    Subscriber<? super T> st = hook.onLift(operator).call(o); 
                    try {
                        st.onStart(); //调用subscriber的onstart();
                        onSubscribe.call(st);//调用Observeable.onSubscribe.call(subscriber)方法。参数是call返回的ObserveOnSubscriber
                    } catch (Throwable e) {
                        Exceptions.throwIfFatal(e);
                        st.onError(e);
                    }
                } catch (Throwable e) {
                    Exceptions.throwIfFatal(e);
                    o.onError(e);
                }
            }
        });
    }
    public class OperatorSubscribeOn<T> implements Operator<T, Observable<T>> {
    
    private final Scheduler scheduler;
    
    public OperatorSubscribeOn(Scheduler scheduler) {
        this.scheduler = scheduler;
    }
    
    @Override
    public Subscriber<? super Observable<T>> call(final Subscriber<? super T> subscriber) {
        final Worker inner = scheduler.createWorker();
        subscriber.add(inner);
        return new Subscriber<Observable<T>>(subscriber) {
    
            @Override
            public void onCompleted() {
                // ignore because this is a nested Observable and we expect only 1 Observable<T> emitted to onNext
            }
    
            @Override
            public void onError(Throwable e) {
                subscriber.onError(e);
            }
    
            @Override
            public void onNext(final Observable<T> o) {
                inner.schedule(new Action0() {
    
                    @Override
                    public void call() {
                        final Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
                        o.unsafeSubscribe(new Subscriber<T>(subscriber) {
    
                            @Override
                            public void onCompleted() {
                                subscriber.onCompleted();
                            }
    
                            @Override
                            public void onError(Throwable e) {
                                subscriber.onError(e);
                            }
    
                            @Override
                            public void onNext(T t) {
                                subscriber.onNext(t);
                            }
    
                            @Override
                            public void setProducer(final Producer producer) {
                                subscriber.setProducer(new Producer() {
    
                                    @Override
                                    public void request(final long n) {
                                        if (Thread.currentThread() == t) {
                                            // don't schedule if we're already on the thread (primarily for first setProducer call)
                                            // see unit test 'testSetProducerSynchronousRequest' for more context on this
                                            producer.request(n);
                                        } else {
                                            inner.schedule(new Action0() {
    
                                                @Override
                                                public void call() {
                                                    producer.request(n);
                                                }
                                            });
                                        }
                                    }
    
                                });
                            }
    
                        });
                    }
                });
            }
    
        };
    }
    

    }

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