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centos安装MySQL5.7

centos安装MySQL5.7

作者: 尼尔君 | 来源:发表于2018-03-26 18:59 被阅读72次

    centos安装MySQL5.7

    安装环境:CentOS7 64位 MINI版,安装MySQL5.7

    1、配置YUM源

    MySQL官网中下载YUM源rpm安装包:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
    [图片上传失败...(image-1d4366-1522061948392)]

    # 下载mysql源安装包
    shell> wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
    # 安装mysql源
    shell> yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
    

    检查mysql源是否安装成功

    shell> yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
    

    [图片上传失败...(image-15946f-1522061948392)]

    看到上图所示表示安装成功

    2、安装MySQL

    shell> yum install mysql-community-server
    

    3、启动MySQL服务

    shell> systemctl start mysqld
    

    查看MySQL的启动状态

    shell> systemctl status mysqld
    ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
       Active: active (running) since 五 2016-06-24 04:37:37 CST; 35min ago
     Main PID: 2888 (mysqld)
       CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
               └─2888 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    
    6月 24 04:37:36 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
    6月 24 04:37:37 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
    

    4、开机启动

    shell> systemctl enable mysqld
    shell> systemctl daemon-reload
    

    5、修改root默认密码

    mysql安装完成之后,在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个默认密码。通过下面的方式找到root默认密码,然后登录mysql进行修改:

    shell> grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
    

    [图片上传失败...(image-ae9b60-1522061948392)]

    shell> mysql -uroot -p
    mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!'; 
    

    或者

    mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('MyNewPass4!'); 
    

    注意:mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件(validate_password),默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含:大小写字母、数字和特殊符号,并且长度不能少于8位。否则会提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements错误,如下图所示:
    [图片上传失败...(image-d61903-1522061948391)]

    通过msyql环境变量可以查看密码策略的相关信息:

    mysql> show variables like '%password%';
    

    [图片上传失败...(image-a20e3e-1522061948391)]

    validate_password_policy:密码策略,默认为MEDIUM策略 validate_password_dictionary_file:密码策略文件,策略为STRONG才需要 validate_password_length:密码最少长度 validate_password_mixed_case_count:大小写字符长度,至少1个 validate_password_number_count :数字至少1个 validate_password_special_char_count:特殊字符至少1个 上述参数是默认策略MEDIUM的密码检查规则。

    共有以下几种密码策略:

    策略 检查规则
    0 or LOW Length
    1 or MEDIUM Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters
    2 or STRONG Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file

    MySQL官网密码策略详细说明:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/validate-password-options-variables.html#sysvar_validate_password_policy

    修改密码策略

    在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置,指定密码策略

    # 选择0(LOW),1(MEDIUM),2(STRONG)其中一种,选择2需要提供密码字典文件
    validate_password_policy=0
    

    如果不需要密码策略,添加my.cnf文件中添加如下配置禁用即可:

    validate_password = off
    

    重新启动mysql服务使配置生效:

    systemctl restart mysqld
    

    6、添加远程登录用户

    默认只允许root帐户在本地登录,如果要在其它机器上连接mysql,必须修改root允许远程连接,或者添加一个允许远程连接的帐户,为了安全起见,我添加一个新的帐户:

    mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'yangxin'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Yangxin0917!' WITH GRANT OPTION;
    

    7、配置默认编码为utf8

    修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件,在[mysqld]下添加编码配置,如下所示:

    [mysqld]
    character_set_server=utf8
    init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
    

    重新启动mysql服务,查看数据库默认编码如下所示:

    [图片上传失败...(image-94bbfe-1522061948391)]


    默认配置文件路径: 配置文件:/etc/my.cnf 日志文件:/var/log//var/log/mysqld.log 服务启动脚本:/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service socket文件:/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

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