Unit 5-4

Here are some example sentences using "damage" in different contexts:

1. The storm caused significant damage to the city's infrastructure.

2. The negative comments damaged her self-esteem.

3. The insurance company assessed the damage to the car after the accident.

4. The scandal did considerable damage to the company's reputation.

5. They managed to escape the fire with minimal damage to their belongings.

6. The lawyer argued that his client's actions caused no lasting damage.

7. Regular maintenance can prevent long-term damage to your vehicle.

8. Constant criticism can damage a child's confidence and self-worth.

Great question! While both "damage" and "destroy" involve harm or injury, there are significant differences in their meanings and usage. Here's a breakdown:

damage:

1. Severity: Implies partial harm or injury.
2. Reparability: Often can be repaired or restored.
3. Extent: May affect only part of the object or entity.
4. Permanence: Not necessarily permanent.
5. Usage: More common in everyday situations.

destroy:

1. Severity: Implies complete or severe harm.
2. Reparability: Usually cannot be repaired; suggests ruination.
3. Extent: Affects the entire object or entity.
4. Permanence: Generally permanent or very long-lasting.
5. Usage: Often used for more extreme situations.

Examples to illustrate the difference:

1. "The storm damaged the roof." (Implies the roof is harmed but can be repaired)
   "The storm destroyed the house." (Implies the house is ruined beyond repair)

2. "The negative comments damaged his reputation." (Suggests his reputation suffered but can recover)
   "The scandal destroyed his career." (Implies his career is effectively over)

3. "Water damage affected some parts of the book." (Some pages are harmed but the book is still usable)
   "The fire destroyed all the books in the library." (The books are completely ruined)

4. "The car was damaged in the accident." (Can likely be repaired)
   "The car was destroyed in the explosion." (Beyond repair, completely ruined)

5. "Smoking can damage your lungs." (Harm is done, but might be partially reversible)
   "The disease destroyed his lung tissue." (Implies irreversible, complete loss)

In summary, while both words indicate harm, "damage" is less severe and often repairable, while "destroy" implies more complete and often irreparable harm.

Here are some example sentences using "creature" in different contexts:

1. The scientists discovered a new creature living in the depths of the ocean.

2. She's a creature of habit, always having the same breakfast every morning.

3. He felt like a different creature after getting a good night's sleep.

4. That poor creature looks like it hasn't eaten in days.

5. She's such a social creature, always surrounded by friends.

6. The fairy tale described a magical creature that could grant wishes.

7. As a creature of the digital age, she finds it hard to imagine life without the internet.

8. Human beings are complex creatures with a wide range of emotions and behaviors.

Here are some example sentences using "survive" in different contexts:

1. Despite the harsh conditions, many plants and animals manage to survive in the desert.

2. The company struggled to survive the economic downturn.

3. She barely survived the car accident and spent months recovering.

4. He survived on minimal food and water while lost in the wilderness.

5. The old photographs survived the house fire, preserving precious memories.

6. The start-up managed to survive its first year, despite intense competition.

7. She's determined to survive medical school, no matter how challenging it gets.

8. Few marriages survive long periods of separation.

14.** Only the fittest individuals tend to survive and pass on their genes**.

15. He wondered how he would survive another boring meeting without falling asleep.

Here are some example sentences using "effect" in different contexts:

1. The new policy had a positive effect on employee morale.

2. The special effects in the movie were truly impressive.

3. Global warming has a significant effect on sea levels.

4. Her words had a calming effect on the upset child.

5. The law will go into effect next month.

6. She used lighting to create a dramatic effect on stage.

7. The cumulative effect of stress can be harmful to your health.

8. His argument had little effect on the jury's decision.

9. The new tax will come into effect at the beginning of the fiscal year.

10. They studied the effect of diet on heart disease.