“读文学,首先是去体会语言的美感。一种成熟的语言,它不仅能承载信息,还有它的美感,翻译只能解决信息问题,但往往带来美感的折损。”
在这一讲中,吴军老师用狄更斯在《双城记》开头的一段话,来说明他是如何发现和感知文学魅力的。
那是最美好的时代,那是最糟糕的时代;
It was the best of times, it was the worst of times,
那是智慧的年头,那是愚昧的年头;
it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness,
那是信仰的时期,那是怀疑的时期;
it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity,
那是光明的季节,那是黑暗的季节;
it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness,
那是希望的春天,那是失望的冬天;
it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair
我们拥有一切,我们一无所有;
we had everything before us, we had nothing before us,
我们全都在直奔天堂,我们全都在直奔相反的方向
we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way
一一简而言之,
– in short,
那时跟现在非常相像,某些最喧嚣的权威坚持要用形容词的最高级来形容它。
the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its being received,
说它好,是最高级的;说它不好,也是最高级的。
for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only.
尽管译文读起来也朗朗上口,但是通过读原文与译文进行对比,你会发现原文里的神韵是翻译不出来的。只有通过读原文,才能感受到文学的美妙之处,这和我们读唐诗赞叹中文的美妙是同样的。
像狄更斯这样一类文学大师,给我们树立了一些表达思想的样板,他们用一些很普通的词和语法上很简单的句子,把自己的想法甚至是人类共同的想法,准确而优美地表达出来了,让语言有音乐一般的韵律,绘画一般的色彩。对于这一类文学经典,值得反复读。
吴军老师认为,深度阅读文学作品,不仅能够体会语言的魅力,也更能把握作者真实的含义。他以鲁迅的《故事新编》中的《铸剑》为例,来说明作者一生的隐喻,即鲁迅的期望与失望。
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