@Validated和@Valid的区别
在Controller中校验方法参数时,使用@Valid和@Validated并无特殊差异(若不需要分组校验的话)
@Valid:标准JSR-303规范的标记型注解,用来标记验证属性和方法返回值,进行级联和递归校验
@Validated:Spring的注解,是标准JSR-303的一个变种(补充),提供了一个分组功能,可以在入参验证时,根据不同的分组采用不同的验证机制
方法级别:
@Validated注解可以用于类级别,用于支持Spring进行方法级别的参数校验。@Valid可以用在属性级别约束,用来表示级联校验。
@Validated只能用在类、方法和参数上,而@Valid可用于方法、字段、构造器和参数上
如何使用
这两个包要同时导入!
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>6.0.7.Final</version>
</dependency>
@PostMapping("/tabletSign/pushInfo/patient")
public AjaxResult pushInfoPatient(@Valid @RequestBody BizPatient bizPatient) {
}
public class BizPatient {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@NotNull(message = "id不能为空")
private Long patientId;
}
如何分组校验?
有时候我们需要在不同的Controller中校验不同的字段
Controller
@PostMapping("/tabletSign/pushInfo/patient")
public AjaxResult pushInfoPatient(
@Validated(BizPatient.SaveGroup.class) @RequestBody BizPatient bizPatient) {
}
@PostMapping("/tabletSign/patient/signerInfo")
public AjaxResult getSignerInfo(
@Validated(BizPatient.SelectGroup.class) @RequestBody BizPatient bizPatient) {
}
javaBean
public class BizPatient {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* $column.columnComment
*/
//非空判断
@NotNull(groups = {SaveGroup.class, SelectGroup.class}, message = "patientId 不能为空")
private Long patientId
}
如何校验关联对象?
@PostMapping(value = "/saveOrUpdate")
public GbmResult saveOrUpdate(@RequestBody @Validated GdVo gdVo) {
}
@Data
public class GdVo {
@Valid
private GdAfterSalesDto gdAfterSalesDto;
@Valid
private List<GdProcessRecordDto> gdProcessRecordDto;
}
手动校验工具类
- 有时候注解不生效,我们可以手动校验
- 或者一个接口同时做add和update。如addAndUpdate接口。这个时候我们不好使用分组校验。只能手动校验
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolation;
import javax.validation.Validation;
import javax.validation.Validator;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class ValidParameterUtils {
private static Validator validator;
static {
validator = Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory().getValidator();
}
public static void validParameter(BindingResult validResult){
if (validResult.hasErrors()){
throw new GBMException(validResult.getFieldError().getDefaultMessage(),GbmResultCode.PARAMETER_EXCEPTION.code());
}
}
public static void validateEntity(Object object, Class<?>... groups)
throws GBMException {
Set<ConstraintViolation<Object>> constraintViolations = validator.validate(object, groups);
if (!constraintViolations.isEmpty()) {
StringBuilder msg = new StringBuilder();
for(ConstraintViolation<Object> constraint: constraintViolations){
msg.append(constraint.getMessage()).append(" ");
}
throw new GBMException(msg.toString(),GbmResultCode.FAIL.code());
}
}
/**
* @Des 返回错误信息
* @Author yinkai
* @Date 2022/2/28 9:24
*/
public static String validateEntityRString(Object object, Class<?>... groups) {
Set<ConstraintViolation<Object>> constraintViolations = validator.validate(object, groups);
return constraintViolations.stream().map(ConstraintViolation::getMessage).collect(Collectors.joining(" "));
}
}
使用
public class ZskQuestionsAndAnswersVo {
@NotNull(groups = {AddGroup.class}, message = "knowledgeId为空")
private Long knowledgeId;
@Length(max = 100, min = 1, message = "问题必须在1-100字符之间")
@NotBlank(groups = {AddGroup.class}, message = "problemContent为空")
private String problemContent;
@Length(max = 500, min = 1, message = "回答必须在1-500字符之间")
@NotBlank(groups = {AddGroup.class}, message = "answer为空")
private String answer;
}
@PostMapping(value = "/addQuestionsAndAnswers")
public GbmResult addQuestionsAndAnswers(@RequestParam("img") MultipartFile[] img,
@RequestParam("vedio") MultipartFile[] vedio,
@Valid ZskQuestionsAndAnswersVo zskQuestionsAndAnswersVo) {
ValidParameterUtils.validateEntity(zskQuestionsAndAnswersVo,AddGroup.class);
}
还需定义全局异常处理器
@RestControllerAdvice
@Order(100)
public class GBMExceptionHandler {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
//处理Get请求中 使用@Valid 验证路径中请求实体校验失败后抛出的异常
@ExceptionHandler(org.springframework.validation.BindException.class)
@ResponseBody
public GbmResult BindExceptionHandler(BindingResult e) {
String message = e.getAllErrors().stream().map(DefaultMessageSourceResolvable::getDefaultMessage).collect(Collectors.joining());
return GbmResult.error(GbmResultCode.PARAMETER_EXCEPTION.getCode(),message);
}
校验List
Controller类上加@Validated
@Validated
public class ZskKnowledgeController {
handel方法上加
@PostMapping(value = "/saveOrUpdateZskAccessories")
public GbmResult saveOrUpdateZskAccessories(@RequestBody @Valid List<ZskAccessoriesListType> zskKnowledgeVoList) {
注解含义
@Pattern(regexp = "1[3|4|5|7|8][0-9]\d{8}",message = "手机号码格式不正确")
@NotEmpty(message ="returnAndExchangeInformation 不能为空")
@NotNull(message ="knowledgeId 不能为空")
@Digits(integer = 10, fraction = 2, message = "补发运费格式错误")
@Length(max = 50, min = 1, message = "配件名称必须在1-50字符之间")
Constraint 详细信息
@AssertFalse 该值必须为False
@AssertTrue 该值必须为True
@DecimalMax(value,inclusive) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字,其值必须小于等于指定的最大值 ,inclusive表示是否包含该值
@DecimalMin(value,inclusive) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字,其值必须大于等于指定的最小值 ,inclusive表示是否包含该值
@Digits 限制必须为一个小数,且整数部分的位数不能超过integer,小数部分的位数不能超过fraction
@Email 该值必须为邮箱格式
@Future 被注释的元素必须是一个将来的日期
@FutureOrPresent 被注释的元素必须是一个现在或将来的日期
@Max(value) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字,其值必须小于等于指定的最大值
@Min(value) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字,其值必须大于等于指定的最小值
@Negative 该值必须小于0
@NegativeOrZero 该值必须小于等于0
@NotBlank 该值不为空字符串,例如“ ”
@NotEmpty 该值不为空字符串
@NotNull 该值不为Null
@Null 该值必须为Null
@Past 被注释的元素必须是一个过去的日期
@PastOrPresent 被注释的元素必须是一个过去或现在的日期
@Pattern(regexp) 匹配正则
@Positive 该值必须大于0
@PositiveOrZero 该值必须大于等于0
@Size(min,max) 数组大小必须在[min,max]这个区间
自定义注解
手动实现一个自定义注解,做到灵活指定字符串字段只包含数字、字母、特殊符号、中文的校验
import javax.validation.Constraint;
import javax.validation.Payload;
import java.lang.annotation.*;
@Target({ElementType.FIELD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Constraint(
validatedBy = {ContainCharValidator.class}
)
public @interface ContainChar {
String message() default "";
Class<?>[] groups() default {};
//必须包含这个,否则报错
//javax.validation.ConstraintDefinitionException: HV000074: com.gbm.cloud.treasure.entity.zsk.ContainChar contains Constraint annotation, but does not contain a payload parameter.
Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
ContainCharEnum[] value() default {ContainCharEnum.CHINESE, ContainCharEnum.NUMBER, ContainCharEnum.LETTER, ContainCharEnum.SYMBOL};
}
/**
* @Des
* @Author yinkai
* @Date 2022/3/1 14:38
*/
public class ContainCharValidator implements ConstraintValidator<ContainChar, String> {
private String message;
private ContainCharEnum[] values;
private Class<?>[] groups;
@Override
public void initialize(ContainChar constraintAnnotation) {
this.message = constraintAnnotation.message();
this.values = constraintAnnotation.value();
this.groups = constraintAnnotation.groups();
}
/**
* @Des 遍历,全都不包含才返回false
* @Author yinkai
* @Date 2022/3/1 13:49
*/
public boolean isValid2(String value, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
for (ContainCharEnum containCharEnum : values) {
switch (containCharEnum) {
case CHINESE:
if (!CHINESE.getPattern().matcher(value).find()) {
//禁止默认消息返回
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
//自定义返回消息
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate(message+"不包含"+containCharEnum).addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
break;
case NUMBER:
if (!NUMBER.getPattern().matcher(value).find()) {
//禁止默认消息返回
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
//自定义返回消息
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate(message+"不包含"+containCharEnum).addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
break;
case SYMBOL:
if (!SYMBOL.getPattern().matcher(value).find()) {
//禁止默认消息返回
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
//自定义返回消息
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate(message+"不包含"+containCharEnum).addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
break;
case LETTER:
if (!LETTER.getPattern().matcher(value).find()) {
//禁止默认消息返回
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
//自定义返回消息
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate(message+"不包含"+containCharEnum).addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
return true;
}
//遍历,全都不包含才返回false || 包含之外的就返回false
// !(包含一个 && 只包含内部)
@Override
public boolean isValid(String value, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
HashSet<Boolean> booleans = new HashSet<>(2);
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
for (ContainCharEnum containCharEnum : values) {
booleans.add(containCharEnum.getPattern().matcher(value).find());
stringBuilder.append(containCharEnum);
}
//不包含true-->全都是false-->全都不包含
if (!booleans.contains(Boolean.TRUE)) {
//禁止默认消息返回
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
//自定义返回消息
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate(message + value + "不包含 " + stringBuilder).addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
Set<ContainCharEnum> noFindSet = Arrays.stream(values()).filter(m -> !ArrayUtil.contains(values, m)).collect(Collectors.toSet());
for (ContainCharEnum containCharEnum : noFindSet) {
if (containCharEnum.getPattern().matcher(value).find()) {
//禁止默认消息返回
context.disableDefaultConstraintViolation();
//自定义返回消息
context.buildConstraintViolationWithTemplate(message + value + "不能包含 " + containCharEnum).addConstraintViolation();
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
public enum ContainCharEnum {
CHINESE(0, "中文",Pattern.compile("[\u4E00-\u9FA5|\\!|\\,|\\。|\\(|\\)|\\《|\\》|\\“|\\”|\\?|\\:|\\;|\\【|\\】]")),
NUMBER(1, "数字", Pattern.compile("[0-9]")),
LETTER(2, "字母",Pattern.compile(".*[a-zA-Z]+.*")),
SYMBOL(3, "特殊符号",Pattern.compile(".*[`~!@#$%^&*()+=|{}':;',\\[\\]·.<>/?~!@#¥%……&*()——+|{}【】‘;:”“’。,、?\\\\]+.*"));
@EnumValue//标记数据库存的值是code
private Integer code;
@JsonValue
private String desc;
private Pattern pattern;
ContainCharEnum(Integer code, String desc,Pattern pattern) {
this.code = code;
this.desc = desc;
this.pattern = pattern;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return desc;
}
public int getValue() {
return code;
}
public Pattern getPattern() {
return pattern;
}
}
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