golang http

golang http

http 挂载方法

• Head 发送 HEAD 请求

  func Head(url string) (resp *Response, err error)
  

• Get 发送 GET 请求

  func Get(url string) (resp *Response, err error)
  

  res, _ := http.Get("http://www.baidu.com")
  
    defer res.Body.Close()
  
    if res.StatusCode == 200 {
        buf, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
        fmt.Println(string(buf))
    }
  

• Post 发送 POST 请求

  func Post(url string, bodyType string, body io.Reader) (resp *Response, err error)
  

  url := "http://www.baidu.com"
    res, _ := http.Post(url, "json", nil)
    buf, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
    fmt.Println(string(buf))
  

• Handle 向 http.DefaultServeMax 注册路由方法

  func Handle(pattern string, handler Handler)
  

type MyHandler string

func (m MyHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
  w.Write([]byte(m))
}

func main() {

  var msg MyHandler = "show me"
  http.Handle("/", msg)

  http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

• HandleFunc 向 http.DefaultServeMax 注册路由方法

  func HandleFunc(pattern string, handler func(ResponseWriter, *Request))
  

    http.HandleFunc("/user", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        w.Write([]byte("hello Rogan"))
    })
  
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
  
  

• Serve 开启监听服务, 服务底层接口

  func Serve(l net.Listener, handler Handler) error
  
  

• ListenAndServe 监听指定地址的 TCP 服务, 既创建 tcp 服务, Serve 的上层接口

  func ListenAndServe(addr string, handler Handler) error
  
  

  http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        w.Write([]byte("Hello"))
    })
  
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
  
  

• ListenAndServeTLS 开启 https 服务

  func ListenAndServeTLS(addr string, certFile string, keyFile string, handler Handler) error
  
  

• FileServer 开启静态资源服务

  func ServeFile(w ResponseWriter, r *Request, name string)
  
  

    http.Handle("/", http.FileServer(http.Dir("./")))
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
  
  
  

• Redirect 重定向

  func Redirect(w ResponseWriter, r *Request, urlStr string, code int)
  
  
  

    http.HandleFunc("/product", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        w.Write([]byte("to baidu"))
        http.Redirect(w, r, "http://www.baidu.com", 200)
    })
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
  
  
  

• Error 回复指定错误

  func Error(w ResponseWriter, error string, code int)
  
  

  http.HandleFunc("/product", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        http.Error(w, "服务器错误", 500)
    })
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
  
  

• NotFound 返回404错误

  func NotFound(w ResponseWriter, r *Request)
  
  

  http.HandleFunc("/product", http.NotFound)
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
  
  

• SetCookie 设置Cookie

  func SetCookie(w ResponseWriter, cookie *Cookie)
  
  

  http.HandleFunc("/product", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
  
        cookie := http.Cookie{
            Name:   "uId",
            Value:  "111",
            MaxAge: 100,
        }
        
           // 请求返回前设置 cookie
        http.SetCookie(w, &cookie)
        w.Write([]byte("设置 Cookie"))
  
    })
  
  

Server 服务器挂载方法

• serve 服务监听 与 http.Serve 一致
• ListenAndServe 开启 TCP 服务
• ListenAndServeTLS 开启 HTTPS 服务

Server 服务器属性

• Addr tcp 地址
• Handler ServeMux 处理器
• ReadTImeout 读取超时
• WriteTimeout 写入超时
• MaxHeaderBytes 最大请求头长度
• ConnState 设置日志记录器
• ErrorLog 非导出字段

ServeMux 路由挂载函数

• NewServeMux 新建路由

  func NewServeMux() *ServeMux
  
  

• Handle 挂载处理器

  func (mux *ServeMux) Handle(pattern string, handler Handler)
  
  

• HandleFunc 挂载处理器

  func (mux *ServeMux) HandleFunc(pattern string, handler func(ResponseWriter, *Request))
  
  

• Handler 返回请求对应的处理器

  func (mux *ServeMux) Handler(r *Request) (h Handler, pattern string)
  
  

• ServeHTTP 分发请求

  func (mux *ServeMux) ServeHTTP(w ResponseWriter, r *Request)
  
  

ServeMux and Server 简单例子

router := http.NewServeMux()
    server := http.Server{}

    router.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {

        w.Write([]byte("home page"))

    })

    server.Addr = ":8080"
    server.Handler = router

    server.ListenAndServe()

Client 客户端挂载方法

• Head 发送 Head 请求

  func (c *Client) Head(url string) (resp *Response, err error)
  
  

• Get 发送 GET 请求

  func (c *Client) Get(url string) (resp *Response, err error)
  
  

• Post 发送 POST 请求

  func (c *Client) Post(url string, bodyType string, body io.Reader) (resp *Response, err error)
  
  

• Do 通用请求方法

  func (c *Client) Do(req *Request) (resp *Response, err error)
  
  

    req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://www.baidu.com", nil)
    client := &http.Client{}
    res, _ := client.Do(req)
  
    defer res.Body.Close()
  
    data, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
  
    fmt.Println(string(data))
  
  

快捷Handler

• NotFoundHandler 404

  func NotFoundHandler() Handler
  
  

• RedirectHandler 重定向

  func RedirectHandler(url string, code int) Handler
  
  

• TimeoutHandler 超时