序列化用于对用户请求数据进行验证和数据进行序列化。
a. 自定义字段
- urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from web.views.s6_serializers import TestView
urlpatterns = [
url(r'test/', TestView.as_view(), name='test'),
]
- views.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers
from .. import models
class PasswordValidator(object):
def __init__(self, base):
self.base = base
def __call__(self, value):
if value != self.base:
message = 'This field must be %s.' % self.base
raise serializers.ValidationError(message)
def set_context(self, serializer_field):
"""
This hook is called by the serializer instance,
prior to the validation call being made.
"""
# 执行验证之前调用,serializer_fields是当前字段对象
pass
class UserSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
ut_title = serializers.CharField(source='ut.title')
user = serializers.CharField(min_length=6)
pwd = serializers.CharField(error_messages={'required': '密码不能为空'}, validators=[PasswordValidator('666')])
class TestView(APIView):
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# 序列化，将数据库查询字段序列化为字典
data_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
ser = UserSerializer(instance=data_list, many=True)
# 或
# obj = models.UserInfo.objects.all().first()
# ser = UserSerializer(instance=obj, many=False)
return Response(ser.data)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# 验证，对请求发来的数据进行验证
ser = UserSerializer(data=request.data)
if ser.is_valid():
print(ser.validated_data)
else:
print(ser.errors)
return Response('POST请求，响应内容')
b. 基于Model自动生成字段
- urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from web.views.s6_serializers import TestView
urlpatterns = [
url(r'test/', TestView.as_view(), name='test'),
]
- views.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers
from .. import models
class PasswordValidator(object):
def __init__(self, base):
self.base = str(base)
def __call__(self, value):
if value != self.base:
message = 'This field must be %s.' % self.base
raise serializers.ValidationError(message)
def set_context(self, serializer_field):
"""
This hook is called by the serializer instance,
prior to the validation call being made.
"""
# 执行验证之前调用,serializer_fields是当前字段对象
pass
class ModelUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
user = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
class Meta:
model = models.UserInfo
fields = "__all__"
# fields = ['user', 'pwd', 'ut']
'''跨表程度,默认10层'''
depth = 2
'''自定义添加限制'''
extra_kwargs = {'user': {'min_length': 6}, 'pwd': {'validators': [PasswordValidator(666), ]}}
# read_only_fields = ['user']
class TestView(APIView):
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# 序列化，将数据库查询字段序列化为字典
data_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
ser = ModelUserSerializer(instance=data_list, many=True)
# 或
# obj = models.UserInfo.objects.all().first()
# ser = UserSerializer(instance=obj, many=False)
return Response(ser.data)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# 验证，对请求发来的数据进行验证
print(request.data)
ser = ModelUserSerializer(data=request.data)
if ser.is_valid():
print(ser.validated_data)
else:
print(ser.errors)
return Response('POST请求，响应内容')
c.生成url
- urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from web.views.s6_serializers import TestView
urlpatterns = [
url(r'test/', TestView.as_view(), name='test'),
url(r'detail/(?P<pk>\d+)/', TestView.as_view(), name='detail'),
]
- views.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers
from .. import models
class PasswordValidator(object):
def __init__(self, base):
self.base = str(base)
def __call__(self, value):
if value != self.base:
message = 'This field must be %s.' % self.base
raise serializers.ValidationError(message)
def set_context(self, serializer_field):
"""
This hook is called by the serializer instance,
prior to the validation call being made.
"""
# 执行验证之前调用,serializer_fields是当前字段对象
pass
class ModelUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
ut = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='detail')
class Meta:
model = models.UserInfo
fields = "__all__"
extra_kwargs = {
'user': {'min_length': 6},
'pwd': {'validators': [PasswordValidator(666),]},
}
class TestView(APIView):
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# 序列化，将数据库查询字段序列化为字典
data_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
ser = ModelUserSerializer(instance=data_list, many=True, context={'request': request})
# 或
# obj = models.UserInfo.objects.all().first()
# ser = UserSerializer(instance=obj, many=False)
return Response(ser.data)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# 验证，对请求发来的数据进行验证
print(request.data)
ser = ModelUserSerializer(data=request.data)
if ser.is_valid():
print(ser.validated_data)
else:
print(ser.errors)
return Response('POST请求，响应内容')
d. 自动生成URL
- urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from web.views.s6_serializers import TestView
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^serialize/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.SerializeView.as_view(),name='userinfo-detail'),
]
url的name参数以表单名-datail方式
- views.py
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.response import Response
class UserSerialize(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
# url = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name="userinfo-detail")
class Meta:
model = models.UserInfo
fields = ['user','pwd','id','url']
class SerializeView(APIView):
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
ser = UserSerialize(instance=user_list,many=True,context={'request': request})
# user = models.UserInfo.objects.all().first()
# ser = UserSerialize(instance=user, many=False)
return Response(ser.data)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
ser = UserSerialize(data=request.data)
if ser.is_valid():
print(ser.validated_data)
print(request.data)
return Response(ser.validated_data)
else:
return Response(ser.errors)
补充
也可以以下面这种方式
from rest_framework import serializers
class Ser(serializers.Serializer):
name = serializers.CharField(validators=[])
def validate_name(self,value):
return value
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