排序算法
请写一个 min 函数,要求 min(numbers) 能返回数组 numbers 中的最小数字。
let min = (numbers) => {
if(numbers.length > 2){
return min(
[numbers[0], min(numbers.slice(1))]
)
}else{
return Math.min.apply(null, numbers)
}
}
let sort = (numbers) => {
if(numbers.length > 2){
let index = minIndex(numbers)
let min = numbers[index]
numbers.splice(index, 1)
return [min].concat(sort(numbers))
}else{
return numbers[0]<numbers[1] ? numbers :
numbers.reverse()
}
}
请写出一个 sort 函数,要求 sort(numbers) 能返回一个把 numbers 从小到大排列的数组(选择排序)
let minIndex = (numbers) =>
let index = 0
for(let i=1; i<numbers.length; i++){
if(numbers[i] < numbers[index]){
index = i
}
}
return index
}
let sort = (numbers) => {
for(let i=0; i<???; i++){
let index = minIndex(numbers)
// index 是当前最小数的下标
// index 对应的数应该放到 i 处
swap(numbers, index, i) // swap 还没实现
// index、i 都是 index 的意思,建议 i 改名
}
}
let swap = (array, i, j) => {
let temp = array[i]
array[i] = array[j]
array[j] = temp
}
swap(numbers, 1, 2)
四种排序算法
选择排序的循环写法
let sort = (numbers) => {
for(let i=0; i< numbers.length -1; i++){
console.log(`----`) //这个log很精髓
console.log(`i: ${i}`)
let index = minIndex(numbers.slice(i))+ i
console.log(`index: ${index}`)
console.log(`min: ${numbers[index]}`)
if(index!==i){
swap(numbers, index, i)
console.log(`swap ${index}: ${i}`)
console.log(numbers)
}
}
return numbers
}
let swap = (array, i, j) => {
let temp = array[i]
array[i] = array[j]
array[j] = temp
}
let minIndex = (numbers) => {
let index = 0
for(let i=1; i<numbers.length; i++){
if(numbers[i] < numbers[index]){
index = i
}
}
return index
}
快速排序
let quickSort = arr => {
if (arr.length <= 1) { return arr; }
let pivotIndex = Math.floor(arr.length / 2);
let pivot = arr.splice(pivotIndex, 1)[0];
let left = [];
let right = [];
for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){
if (arr[i] < pivot) { left.push(arr[i])
} else { right.push(arr[i]) }
}
return quickSort(left).concat(
[pivot], quickSort(right) )
}
归并排序
let mergeSort = arr =>{
let k = arr.length
if(k===1){return arr}
let left = arr.slice(0, Math.floor(k/2))
let right = arr.slice(Math.floor(k/2))
return merge(mergeSort(left), mergeSort(right))
}
let merge = (a, b) => {
if(a.length === 0) return b
if(b.length === 0) return a
return a[0] > b[0] ?
[b[0]].concat(merge(a, b.slice(1))) :
[a[0]].concat(merge(a.slice(1), b))
}
计数排序(最快)
用了hashTable哈希表(key:value),只编译数组一次(不过还要遍历一次hashTable),这叫用空间换时间。
let countSort = arr =>{
let hashTable = {}, max = 0, result = []
for(let i=0; i<arr.length; i++){ // 遍历数组
if(!(arr[i] in hashTable)){
hashTable[arr[i]] = 1
}else{
hashTable[arr[i]] += 1
}
if(arr[i] > max) {max = arr[i]}
}
for(let j=0; j<=max; j++){ // 遍历哈希表
if(j in hashTable){
for(let i = 0; i<hashTable[j]; i++){
result.push(j)
}
}
}
return result
}
四种排序算法的时间复杂度
待补充排序算法
冒泡排序
插入排序
希尔排序
基数排序
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