1、安装mysql服务yum源
wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
rpm -vih mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
yum -y install yum-utils
2、安装5.6版本
yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
yum-config-manager --enable mysql56-community
yum -y install mysql-community-server
3、修改配置文件
//安装完成数据库后不要启动数据库，知道最后才启动数据库，如果启动需要关闭
//安装完成后更改配置文件
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
touch /etc/my.cnf && echo "
[mysqld]
innodb_checksum_algorithm=crc32
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:200M:autoextend
innodb_log_files_in_group=2
innodb_log_file_size=524288000
innodb_undo_directory=/var/lib/mysql/
basedir=/usr
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
innodb_undo_tablespaces=0
server_id=999098802
skip-grant-tables=1
sql_mode=''" > /etc/my.cnf
4、安装xtrabackup备份工具
yum install http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-release/redhat/0.1-3/percona-release-0.1-3.noarch.rpm
yum update percona-release
yum -y install percona-xtrabackup.x86_64
yum -y install qpree
5、下载数据库文件
wget -c 'https://rdsbak-bj-v4.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/custins15680923/hins8532551_data_20190812213747_qp.xb?OSSAccessKeyId=LTAIyKzxtSYNknVO&Expires=1565792827&Signature=kz%2F842LvRYwLuU6q9%2BVyZF70pZY%3D' -O bak_qp.xb
6、解压缩包
cat <数据备份文件名>_qp.xb | xbstream -x -v -C /var/lib/mysql
cd /var/lib/mysql
innobackupex --decompress --remove-original /var/lib/mysql
7、恢复数据库
//这里使用解压后产生的backup-my.cnf文件
innobackupex --defaults-file=backup-my.cnf --apply-log /var/lib/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
登录数据库
8、修改用户密码
//修改密码可能会提示没有权限，下面的步骤开启用户修改密码权限
set global read_only=0;
flush privileges;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
删除/etc/my.cnf里面的skip-grant-tables=1
9、启动mysql服务
systemctl start mysqld
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