Linux(CentOS7)上面安装Python3

安装Python3

环境

安装CentOS 7.2最小系统（CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1511.iso）

需求

• Python-3.6.4.tar.xz（官网下载）
• GCC（yum安装）
• 一堆开发库（yum安装）

编译

1. 安装编译器

yum -y install gcc

2. 安装依赖

yum -y install bzip2-devel sqlite-devel openssl-devel readline-devel xz-devel xz-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel

3. 编译源码

tar -zxvf Python-3.6.4.tar.xz
cd Python-3.6.4
./configure
（如果需要发布版，则配置时要开优化，编译较慢./configure --enable-optimizations） 
make -j4
make install

默认安装到/usr/local
注意如果不安装3.2依赖开发库，则编译完成后会提示有些模块没有编译

Python build finished successfully!
The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found:
_bz2                  _curses               _curses_panel      
_dbm                  _gdbm                 _lzma              
_sqlite3              _ssl                  _tkinter           
readline              zlib                                     
To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.

The following modules found by detect_modules() in setup.py, have been
built by the Makefile instead, as configured by the Setup files:
atexit                pwd                   time               
running build_scripts

运行

[root@py3 Python-3.6.4]# python3
Python 3.6.4 (default, Jan 16 2018, 10:17:58) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> 

Ubantu 上面安装Python3、Scrapy

sudo apt-get install build-essential python3-dev libssl-dev libffi-dev libxml2 libxml2-dev libxsltl-dev zliblg-dev