maven学习笔记(二)

作者: 味道_3a01 | 来源:发表于2018-09-17 21:51 被阅读5次

仓库(nexus)

A-->core
B-->service
C-->action
本地仓库、私有仓库、中央仓库
私服 nexus sonatype
nexus command:start stop restart install uninstall
默认端口号 8081
localhost:8081/nexus
默认用户名和密码 admin/admin123

安装nexus的前提是，服务器上需要安装maven，否则，就算安装了nexus，也无法访问

mvn:deploy 打包到仓库
配置私有仓库：

 <profile>
    <id>nexusProfile</id>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
         <id>nexus</id>
              <name>nexus repository</name>
            <url>http://192.168.190.128:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
              <releases>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
              </releases>
              <!-- snapshots默认是关闭的，需要手动开启 -->
              <snapshots>
            <enabled>true</enabled>
              </snapshots>
        </repository>
      </repositories>
    </profile>
    
    ...
    
    <activeProfiles>
    <!-- 只有激活才生效 -->
    <activeProfile>nexusProfile</activeProfile>
  </activeProfiles>

当本地仓库无法提供服务时，仍然会去中央仓库下载；
如果不想让去中央仓库下载，可以配置镜像

<!-- 工厂的镜像，只要mirrorOf中的工厂要访问，都会自动来找镜像，如果镜像无法访问就不会再去中央工厂，使用*表示所有的工厂都使用这个镜像访问，这是推荐的做法 -->
<mirror>
    <id>central</id>
   <!-- <mirrorOf>nexus,central</mirrorOf> -->
    <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
    <name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name>
    <url>http://192.168.190.128:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
</mirror>

索引文件

发布项目到nexus中

pom文件

<distributionManagement>
    <repository>
      <id>user-release</id>
      <name>user release resp</name>
      <url>http://192.168.190.128:8081/repository/maven-releases/</url>
    </repository>
    <snapshotRepository>
      <id>user-snapshots</id>
      <name>user snapshots resp</name>
      <url>http://192.168.190.128:8081/repository/maven-snapshots/</url>
    </snapshotRepository>
  </distributionManagement>

settings.xml

   <server>
      <id>user-release</id><!--对应pom文件中repository的id-->
      <username>deployment</username>
      <password>deployment123</password>
    </server>
      <server>
      <id>user-snapshots</id>
      <username>deployment</username>
      <password>deployment123</password>
    </server>

nexus管理

创建仓库、创建角色、创建用户

生命周期和插件

三套生命周期

clean
- pre-clean 执行一些需要在clean之前完成的工作
- clean 移出所有上一次构建生成的文件
- post-clean 执行一些需要在clean之后立刻完成的工作
compile
- validate
- generate-sources
- process-sources
- generate-resources
- process-resources 复制并处理资源文件，至目标文件，准备打包
- compile 编译项目的源代码
- process-classes
- generate-test-sources
- process-test-sources
- generate-test-resources
- process-test-resources 复制并处理资源文件，至目标测试目录
- test-compile 编译测试源代码
- process-test-classes
- test 使用合适的单元测试框架运行测试。这些测试代码不会被打包部署
- prepare-package
- package 打包成jar或者war或者其他格式的分发包
- pre-integration-test
- integration-test
- post-integration-test
- verify
- install 将打好的包安装到本地仓库，供其他项目使用
- deploy 将打好的包安装到远程仓库，供其他项目使用
site 生成站点
- pre-site
- site 生成项目的站点文件
- post-site
- site-deploy 发布生成的站点文档
  image
  compile 插件源码

如果希望将源文件打包的话，需要使用source插件

 <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.1</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <!--生命周期-->
            <phase>compile</phase>
            <goals><!--目标-->
              <goal>jar</goal>
              <goal>test-jar</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
        <configuration>
          <outputDirectory>/absolute/path/to/the/output/directory</outputDirectory>
          <finalName>filename-of-generated-jar-file</finalName>
          <attach>false</attach>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

插件的基础

指定编译的jdk版本

 <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.8.0</version>
        <configuration>
          <verbose>true</verbose>
          <fork>true</fork>
          <executable>
            <!-- path-to-javac -->
            ${JAVA_1_4_HOME}/bin/javac
          </executable>
          <compilerVersion>1.8</compilerVersion>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>

plugin 也可以继承

<build>
 <pluginManagement>
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
          <configuration>
            <source>1.8</source>
            <target>1.8</target>
            <!--此处设置了skip等于设置了把所有的测试编译都跳过，如果测试类写得有问题，也不会报错，所以一般不使用-->
            <skip>true</skip>
          </configuration>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>

插件的应用

rar插件

    <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
          <artifactId>maven-rar-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.4</version>
          <executions>
            <execution>
              <phase>package</phase>
              <goals><goal>rar</goal></goals>
            </execution>
          </executions>
          <configuration>
            <includeJar>true</includeJar>
          </configuration>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>

sql插件

      <plugins>
       <plugin>
          <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
          <artifactId>sql-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
          <!-- 使用插件依然可以指定相应的依赖 -->
          <dependencies>
              <dependency>
                  <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.24</version>
              </dependency>
          </dependencies>
          <configuration>
            <driver></driver>
            <url></url>
            <username></username>
            <password></password>
          </configuration>
          <executions>
            <execution>
              <id>create-db</id>
              <phase>compile</phase>
              <goals><goal>execute</goal></goals>
              <configuration>
                <sqlCommand>create database IF NOT EXISTS itat_maven_test</sqlCommand>
              </configuration>
            </execution>
            <execution>
              <id>init-table</id>
              <phase>test-compile</phase>
              <goals><goal>execute</goal></goals>
              <configuration>
                <srcFiles>
                  <srcFile>src/main/resources/init.sql</srcFile>
                </srcFiles>
              </configuration>
            </execution>
          </executions>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>

插件也有groupId、artifactId，多了目标生命周期

测试

测试相关的类和资源放在test包下
执行mvn test时，默认只会执行如下三类测试用例

Test**
**Test
**TestCase

如果不是以上三种命名规则，可以通过surefire插件来配置需要执行的测试类

<plugin>
          <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.0</version>
          <configuration>
            <!-- 设置包含的测试类 -->
            <includes>
              <include>**/Hello*</include>
            </includes>
            <!-- 设置不进行测试的类 -->
            <!--  <excludes>
              <exclude>Test*</exclude>
            </excludes>-->
            <!-- 跳过测试阶段，一般不推荐跳过 -->
            <skip>true</skip>
          </configuration>
        </plugin>

在没有网络的情况下，可以通过help插件来查找帮助信息

example

mvn help:describe -DgroupId=org.apache.maven.plugins -DartifactId=maven-compiler-plugin -Dversion=3.8.0

[root@eth-01 ~]# mvn help:describe -DgroupId=org.apache.maven.plugins -DartifactId=maven-compiler-plugin -Dversion=3.8.0
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.4.1/maven-clean-plugin-2.4.1.pom
Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.4.1/maven-clean-plugin-2.4.1.pom (5 KB at 1.2 KB/sec)
Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-plugins/18/maven-plugins-18.pom
Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-plugins/18/maven-plugins-18.pom (13 KB at 19.3 KB/sec)
Downloading: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-parent/16/maven-parent-16.pom
Downloaded: https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-parent/16/maven-parent-16.pom (23 KB at 43.0 KB/sec)
...
[INFO] org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0

Name: Apache Maven Compiler Plugin
Description: The Compiler Plugin is used to compile the sources of your
  project.
Group Id: org.apache.maven.plugins
Artifact Id: maven-compiler-plugin
Version: 3.8.0
Goal Prefix: compiler

This plugin has 3 goals:

compiler:compile
  Description: Compiles application sources

compiler:help
  Description: Display help information on maven-compiler-plugin.
    Call mvn compiler:help -Ddetail=true -Dgoal=<goal-name> to display
    parameter details.

compiler:testCompile
  Description: Compiles application test sources.

For more information, run 'mvn help:describe [...] -Ddetail'

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2:32.142s
[INFO] Finished at: Mon Sep 17 20:07:25 CST 2018
[INFO] Final Memory: 12M/30M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

手动跳过测试

mvn clean package -DskipTests=true

指定测试类
mvn clean package -Dtest=Hello.java

生成测试覆盖率
cobertura
命令方式：mvn cobertura
在target/site下会有cobertura
插件方式

    <plugin>
      <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
      <artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId>
      <configuration>
        <formats>
          <format>html</format>
          <format>xml</format>
        </formats>
      </configuration>
      <executions>
        <execution>
          <id>cobertura-report</id>
          <goals><goal>cobertura</goal></goals>
          <phase>test</phase>
        </execution>
      </executions>
    </plugin>

发布web项目

手动方式
命令：mvn clean package
会在target下生成XX.war，然后将xx.war复制到tomcat/webapp下，启动tomcat
打包后自动copy
maven copy plugin

<plugin>
  <groupId>com.github.goldin</groupId>
  <artifactId>copy-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>0.2.5</version>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <id>copy-war</id>
      <phase>package</phase>
      <goals>
        <goal>copy</goal>
      </goals>
      <configuration>
        <resources>
          <resource>
            <targetPath>${catalina.home}/webapp</targetPath>
            <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
            <includes>
              <include>user-web.war</include>
            </includes>
          </resource>
        </resources>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>

自动扫描变化，并打包
jetty插件

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
    <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <configuration>
     <!-- 每隔10秒钟会自动扫描-->
      <scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds>
      <webApp>
        <contextPath>/hello</contextPath>
      </webApp>
      <connectors>
        <connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
          <port>8080</port>
          <maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime>
        </connector>
      </connectors>
    </configuration>
  </plugin>

关注公众号，获取海量免费java进阶视频

maven学习笔记(二)

仓库(nexus)

发布项目到nexus中

nexus管理

生命周期和插件

三套生命周期

插件的基础

插件的应用

测试

手动跳过测试

发布web项目

相关文章

网友评论

延伸阅读

深度阅读

栏目导航

热点阅读