struts2 的三种常用获取值封装

作者: DouDouZH | 来源:发表于2018-05-06 12:33 被阅读0次

一、属性驱动

action类接收三个参数 username、password、type

1、CheckLogin1.java类

package cn.zhanghan.checkaction;

public class CheckLogin1 {
        private String username;
        private String password;
        private String type;
        public String getUsername() {
            return username;
        }
        public void setUsername(String username) {
            this.username = username;
        }
        public String getPassword() {
            return password;
        }
        public void setPassword(String password) {
            this.password = password;
        }
        public String getType() {
            return type;
        }
        public void setType(String type) {
            this.type = type;
        }
        // 从前台页面接收到参数后会在这个方法里打印 
        public String checkLogin(){ 
            System.out.println(username+"  "+password+"  "+type);
            return "ok";
        }
}

2、对应的struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
    <constant name="false" value="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation"/>
    <constant value="true" name="struts.devMode"/>
    <package name="default" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
        <!--name：访问名称 -->
        <action name="checklogin1" method="checkLogin" class="cn.zhanghan.checkaction.CheckLogin1">
            <!--配置返回值到页面-->
            <result name="ok">/success.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

3、web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>struts2.217</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

4、前台的Login.jsp界面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  <body>
    <div align="center">
        <h1>Login1</h1>
        <form action="checklogin1" method="post">
            username:<input type="text" name="username"/><br/><br/>
            password:<input type="password" name="password"/><br/><br/>
            type:<input type="text" name="type"/><br/><br/>
            <input type="submit" value="Login"/>
        </form>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

5、登录成功success.jsp界面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    <title>My JSP 'success.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  <body>
      <div align="center">
        <h1>普通传值</h1>
        Username:${username }<br/>
        Password:${password }<br/>
        Type:${type }<br/>
       </div>
  </body>
</html>

6、页面效果

image.png

在实践后会发现,如果遇到参数非常多的情况,那么就需要在Action类中写非常多的属性以及对应的get/set方法.所以这种方式不太可取.解决问题的方法必然是封装一个JavaBean.这就用到了Strut2的第二种传值方式--DomainModel

二、DomainModel对象驱动（表达式封装）

首先要创建一个存储的JavaBean，使用表达式封装可以吧表单数据封装到实体类里面
实现过程
1、在action里头生命实体类
2、生成实体变量的set和get方法
3、在表单输入项的name属性值写表达式形式

1、UserBean类 User.java文件

package cn.zhanghan.bean;

public class User {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String type;
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }       
}

2、CheckLogin2.java类

package cn.zhanghan.checkaction;

import cn.zhanghan.bean.User;

public class CheckLogin2 {
    private User u;
    public User getU() {
        return u;
    }
    public void setU(User u) {
        this.u = u;
    }
    public String checkLogin(){ 
        System.out.println(u.getUsername()+"  "+u.getPassword()+"  "+u.getType());
        return "ok";
    }
}

3、对应的对应的struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
    <constant name="false" value="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation"/>
    <constant value="true" name="struts.devMode"/>
    <package name="default" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
            <action name="checklogin2" method="checkLogin" class="cn.zhanghan.checkaction.CheckLogin2">
            <!--配置返回值到页面-->
            <result name="ok">/success.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

4、web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>struts2.217</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

5、前台的Login.jsp界面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  
  <body>
    <div align="center">
    <div align="center">
        <h1>Login2</h1>
        <form action="checklogin2" method="post">
            username:<input type="text" name="u.username"/><br/><br/>
            password:<input type="password" name="u.password"/><br/><br/>
            type:<input type="text" name="u.type"/><br/><br/>
            <input type="submit" value="Login"/>
        </form>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

6、登录成功success.jsp界面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    <title>My JSP 'success.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  <body>
      <div align="center">  
       <div align="center">
       <h1>BeanModel传值</h1>
        Username:${u.username }<br/>
        Password:${u.password }<br/>
        Type:${u.type }<br/>
       </div>
   </body>
</html>

7、页面效果

image.png

实际上User类不需要实例化,struts会自动帮你实例化,但前提条件是,传值时需要使用对象.参数名的方式进行传递.
除了这种传值方式外,struts2还提供另外一种传值方式.

三、ModelDriven模型驱动

1、依然要创建User的JavaBean User.java文件

package cn.zhanghan.bean;

public class User {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String type;
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }       
}

2、CheckLogin3.java类

需要实现ModelDriven<T>接口

package cn.zhanghan.checkaction;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import cn.zhanghan.bean.User;

public class CheckLogin3  implements ModelDriven<User>{
    private User user;
    public String checkLogin(){ 
        System.out.println(user.getUsername()+"  "+user.getPassword()+"  "+user.getType());
        return "ok";
    }
    @Override
    public User getModel() {
        if(null==user){
             user=new User();
        }
        return user;
    }
}

这种方式可以不用在Action类中编写对应的get/set方法,但是需要实例化User类.

3、对应的对应的struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
    <constant name="false" value="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation"/>
    <constant value="true" name="struts.devMode"/>
    <package name="default" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
        <!--name：访问名称 -->
        <action name="checklogin3" method="checkLogin" class="cn.zhanghan.checkaction.CheckLogin3">
            <!--配置返回值到页面-->
            <result name="ok">/success.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

4、web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>struts2.217</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

5、前台的Login.jsp界面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  <body>
    <div align="center">
        <h1>Login3</h1>
        <form action="checklogin3" method="post">
            username:<input type="text" name="username"/><br/><br/>
            password:<input type="password" name="password"/><br/><br/>
            type:<input type="text" name="type"/><br/><br/>
            <input type="submit" value="Login"/>
        </form>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

6、登录成功success.jsp界面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'success.jsp' starting page</title>
    
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>
  
  <body>
      <div align="center">
       <h1>ModelDriven传值</h1>
        Username:${username }<br/>
        Password:${password }<br/>
        Type:${type }<br/>
       </div>
  </body>
</html>

7、页面效果

image.png

页面还是和普通传值一样.

四、属性驱动封装和模型驱动封装要注意的问题

在action中可以使用属性封装也可以使用驱动模型封装，但是不能同时使用属性封装和模型驱动封装来获取同一个表单数据，如果同时使用只会执行模型驱动

五、比较对象模型封装和驱动的模型封装

1、相同点

都可以吧数据封装在对象里

2、不同点

使用模型驱动只能把数据封装到一个实体类对象里面，不能在action用模型驱动封装把数据封装到不同实体类对象里
用表达式封装可以把数据可以封装到不同的对象里头

3、代码实现

创建User的JavaBean User.java文件

package cn.zhanghan.bean;

public class User {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String type;
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }   
}

创建Bookr的JavaBean Book.java文件

package cn.zhanghan.bean;

public class Book {
    private String bookname;

    public String getBookname() {
        return bookname;
    }

    public void setBookname(String bookname) {
        this.bookname = bookname;
    }
}

CheckLogin4.java类

package cn.zhanghan.checkaction;

import cn.zhanghan.bean.Book;
import cn.zhanghan.bean.User;

public class CheckLogin4 {
    private User u;
    private Book b;
    
    public Book getB() {
        return b;
    }
    public void setB(Book b) {
        this.b = b;
    }
    public User getU() {
        return u;
    }
    public void setU(User u) {
        this.u = u;
    }
    public String checkLogin(){ 
        System.out.println(u.getUsername()+"  "+u.getPassword()+"  "+u.getType()+"  "+b.getBookname());
        return "ok";
    }
}

对应的对应的struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
    <constant name="false" value="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation"/>
    <constant value="true" name="struts.devMode"/>
    <package name="default" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
        <!--name：访问名称 -->
        <action name="checklogin4" method="checkLogin" class="cn.zhanghan.checkaction.CheckLogin4">
            <!--配置返回值到页面-->
            <result name="ok">/success.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>struts2.217</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

前台的Login.jsp界面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  
  <body>
    <div align="center">
        <h1>Login4</h1>
        <form action="checklogin4" method="post">
            username:<input type="text" name="u.username"/><br/><br/>
            password:<input type="password" name="u.password"/><br/><br/>
            type:<input type="text" name="u.type"/><br/><br/>
            bookname:<input type="text" name="b.bookname"/><br/><br/>
            <input type="submit" value="Login"/>
        </form>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

登录成功success.jsp界面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'success.jsp' starting page</title>
    
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>
  
  <body>
       <div align="center">
       <h1>BeanModel传值封装到多个对象</h1>
        Username:${u.username }<br/>
        Password:${u.password }<br/>
        Type:${u.type }<br/>
        bookname:${b.bookname}
       </div>
  </body>
</html>

效果演示

image.png

struts2 的三种常用获取值封装

一、属性驱动

1、CheckLogin1.java类

2、对应的struts.xml

3、web.xml文件

4、前台的Login.jsp界面

5、登录成功success.jsp界面

6、页面效果

二、DomainModel对象驱动（表达式封装）

1、UserBean类 User.java文件

2、CheckLogin2.java类

3、对应的对应的struts.xml

4、web.xml文件

5、前台的Login.jsp界面

6、登录成功success.jsp界面

7、页面效果

三、ModelDriven模型驱动

1、依然要创建User的JavaBean User.java文件

2、CheckLogin3.java类

3、对应的对应的struts.xml

4、web.xml文件

5、前台的Login.jsp界面

6、登录成功success.jsp界面

7、页面效果

四、属性驱动封装和模型驱动封装要注意的问题

五、比较对象模型封装和驱动的模型封装

1、相同点

2、不同点

3、代码实现

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