CentOS 7 安装 MySQL8

1、在usr目录下建立mysql安装目录

$ mkdir -p /usr/java

$ cd /usr/java

使用ftp工具把安装包放到java目录下，解压

$ xz -d mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

$ tar -xvf mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
mv mysql-8.0.15-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
创建mysql用户

$ groupadd mysql

$ useradd -r -g mysql mysql

$ chown -R mysql:mysql mysql

2、安装

• 初始化

$ /usr/java/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/java/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/java/mysql/data/

• 查看初始密码

2019-03-08T01:30:05.228095Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary 
password is generated for root@localhost: VQw,jdY;*0jr

密码为：VQw,jdY;*0jr

• 配置
  查看初始化过程中有没有自动生成my.cnf 文件

​$ cd /etc/
​$ ls | grep my.cnf

添加超链接
$ mkdir -p /usr/java/mysql/conf
$ ln -s /etc/my.cnf /usr/java/mysql/conf/my.cnf
修改my.cnf
$ vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/java/mysql/data
basedir=/usr/java/mysql
port=3306
default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
character-set-server=utf8mb4
lower_case_table_names=1
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/usr/java/mysql/mariadb/log/mariadb.log
pid-file=/usr/java/mysql/mariadb/run/mariadb.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

$ mkdir -p /usr/java/mysql/mariadb/log
$ mkdir -p /usr/java/mysql/mariadb/run
$ touch /usr/java/mysql/mariadb/log/mariadb.log
$ chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/java/mysql/mariadb

• 设置环境变量：

$ vi /etc/profile

# MySQL Env
export  MYSQL_HOME=/usr/java/mysql
export  PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/lib:$MYSQL_HOME/bin

​$ source /etc/profile

3、添加到服务

​$ cp /usr/java/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

注册启动服务 $ chkconfig mysql on

输入$ chkconfig --list 查看是否添加成功。

开启服务器: $ service mysql start

登陆 $ mysql -uroot -pVQw,jdY;*0jr

4、修改密码

alter user  'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';

5、添加用户并授权

CREATE USER 'panqt'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'panqt';
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'panqt'@'%';
CREATE USER 'panqt'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'panqt';
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'panqt'@'localhost';

通过navicat连接出错

2059 - authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password'

ALTER USER 'panqt'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'panqt';

6、开放防火墙

添加：$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
重启：$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload
查看：$ firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-port