【Issue类型】
1、是非判断类：
<Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.>
（1）同意题目
（2）反对题目
2、因果类：
<Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based.>
（1）claim：同意/反对，部分/全部
（2）reason：同意/反对，部分/全部
（3）反对推理过程
3、两种看法类：
<Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented.>
（1）A看法：同意/反对，全部/部分
（2）B看法：同意/反对，全部/部分
（3）AB看法联系
4、敌方看法类：
<Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim. In developing and supporting your position, be sure to address the most compelling reasons and/or examples that could be used to challenge your position.>
（1）我的看法
（2）敌方看法：敌方看法陈述，敌方看法分析，敌方看法评价
5、建议类（一）：
<Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.>
（1）题目建议的有利结果
（2）题目建议的不利结果
6、建议类（二）：
<Write a response in which you discuss your views on the policy and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider the possible consequences of implementing the policy and explain how these consequences shape your position.>
（1）题目政策的有利结果
（2）题目政策的不利结果
（3）题目政策的延伸
【Argument类型】
作者做几次推导，就写几个自然段。
1、Assumption类：
<Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions, and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.>
单段：
（1）找出原文中个论断或结论所依赖的Assumption
（2）指出这些Assumption在什么情况下不成立
（3）阐明这些Assumption一旦不成立，作者的结论就会被削弱
2、Evidence类：
<Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.>
单段：
（1）指出现在还无法评价作者的某个论断
（2）说明为了更好地评价这一论断，还需要什么养的新证据
（3）用新证据削弱或者增强作者的这一论断
3、Explanation类：
<Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.>
单段：
（1）复述作者对于题目中现象的解释，指出其解释不唯一。
（2）给出其他解释并详细说明。
4、Question类：
<Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the advice and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the advice.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be addressed in order to decide whether the conclusion and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to the questions would help to evaluate the conclusion.>
单段：
（1）指出现在还无法评价原Argument中的某一轮断
（2）为了更好地评价这一建议，我们还需要问什么样的问题
（3）给出问题的答案并用答案来评价题目中的建议（正面/负面）
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