1.HTTPS注意事项
Https不支持续费,证书到期需重新申请新并进行替换。
Https不支持三级域名解析,如 test.m.oldboy.com。
Https显示绿色,说明整个网站的url都是https的,并且都是安全的。
Https显示黄色,说明网站代码中有部分URL地址是http不安全协议的。
Https显示红色,要么证书是假的,要么证书已经过期。
2.HTTPS证书
- 创建存放ssl证书的路径
[root@Nginx ~]# mkdir -p /etc/nginx/ssl_key
[root@Nginx ~]# cd /etc/nginx/ssl_key
1.生成证书 (密码1234)
[root@Nginx ~]# openssl genrsa -idea -out server.key 2048
2.生成自签证书,同时去掉私钥的密码
openssl req -days 36500 -x509 \
-sha256 -nodes -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout server.key -out server.crt
3.配置nginx
[root@web01 conf.d]# cat s.oldux.com.conf
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name s.oldxu.com;
root /code;
ssl_certificate ssl_key/server.crt;
ssl_certificate_key ssl_key/server.key;
location / {
index index.html;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name s.oldxu.com;
return 302 https://$http_host$request_uri;
}
3.HTTPS优化相关参数
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name nginx.bjstack.com;
ssl_certificate ssl_key/1524377920931.pem;
ssl_certificate_key ssl_key/1524377920931.key;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m; #在建立完ssl握手后如果断开连接,在session_timeout时间内再次连接,是不需要在次建立握手,可以复用之前的连接
ssl_session_timeout 1440m; #ssl连接断开后的超时时间
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; #使用的TLS版本协议
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; #Nginx决定使用哪些协议与浏览器进行通讯
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4; #配置加密套间
l ocation / {
root /soft/code;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name nginx.bjstack.com;
return 302 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
4.HTTPS配置过程
先配置好后端的web节点
在负载均衡上申请证书(如果之前申请过也可以推送)
配置nginx负载均衡--->http协议
配置域名劫持
配置nginx负载均衡--->转为https协议
HTTPS实例
需求: 部分URL走https,部分不走https
[root@lb01 conf.d]# cat proxy_s.oldxu.com.conf
upstream webs {
server 172.16.1.7:80;
server 172.16.1.8:80;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
ssl_certificate ssl_key/server.crt;
ssl_certificate_key ssl_key/server.key;
server_name s.oldxu.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://webs;
include proxy_params;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name s.oldxu.com;
if ($request_uri ~* "^/login") {
return 302 https://$http_host$request_uri;
}
location / {
proxy_pass http://webs;
include proxy_params;
}
}
需求: 当用户请求s.oldxu.com/abc时走http,其他的所有都走https?
[root@lb01 conf.d]# cat proxy_s.oldxu.com.conf
upstream webs {
server 172.16.1.7:80;
server 172.16.1.8:80;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
ssl_certificate ssl_key/server.crt;
ssl_certificate_key ssl_key/server.key;
server_name s.oldxu.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://webs;
include proxy_params;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name s.oldxu.com;
if ($request_uri !~* "^/abc") {
return 302 https://$http_host$request_uri;
}
location / {
proxy_pass http://webs;
include proxy_params;
}
}
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